一、形容词变副词规律及特殊情况
1.一般直接加ly
careless-carelessly
confident-confidently
fortunate-fortunately
2.以le结尾的形容词去e加y
terrible-terribly
possible-possibly
comfortable-comfortably
gentle-gently
3.其他以e结尾的形容词直接加ly
wise-wisely
nice-nicely
entire-entirely
absolute-absolutely
4.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i+ly
happy-happily
easy-easily
angry-angrily
merry-merrily
5.以ic结尾的+ally
specific-specifically
basic-basically
scientific-scientifically
6.adj和adv同形
fast-fast
early-early
hard-hard
late-late
far-far
alone-alone
little-little
7.有两个副词形式的词
high-high/highly
deep-deep/deeply
hard-hard/hardly
close-close/closely
wide-wide/widely
loud-loud/loudly
late-late/lately
有无ly意义大不相同的副词：
⎩
⎨⎧dead 完全，绝对 be dead asleep deadly 非常 be deadly tired ⎩⎨⎧pretty 相当 be pretty certain that...prettily 漂亮地 be prettily dressed
⎩
⎨⎧close 近 Don't sit close.closely 密切地 Watch closely ！ ⎩
⎨⎧late 晚，迟 arrive late lately 最近 I haven't seen him lately. ⎩
⎨⎧hard 努力地 I study hard.hardly 几乎不 I could hardly recognize her. 8. 特殊
true -truly
whole -wholly
full -fully
dull -dully
public -publicly
shy →shyly
9. 以ly 结尾的adj.
friendly lovely lonely silly
deadly lively(生动的，活泼点)
manly womanly elderly
brotherly fatherly motherly
daily weekly monthly yearly
二、副词的句法功能
修饰动词→He studies hard.
修饰形容词→He is very smart.
修饰副词→He does very well in English.
修饰句子→Obviously, your answer is absolutely wrong.
（频率副词常放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前I have never seen him before. He usually reads books.）
三、构成形容词的常见后缀
1.名词+y
sun- sunny
fun- funny
rain- rainy
flower- flowery（花香的）
2.动词+able
advise- advisable（可取的，明智的）
comfort- comfortable
3.名词+al
nation- national
education- educational
nature- natural（天然的）
4.名词+en
wood- wooden（木制的）gold- golden（金色的）
5.动词+ent
differ- different
insist- insistent（坚持的）
6.名词+ish
fool- foolish
self- selfish
child- childish（孩子气的的）7.动词+ive
act- active
impress- impressive
8.名词+ful
power- powerful
peace- peaceful
beauty- beautiful
wonder- wonderful
9.名词+ous
danger- dangerous
courage- courageous（勇敢的）
fame- famous
envy- envious（羡慕的，嫉妒的）
10.名词+ly
friend- friendly
time- timely（及时的）
order- orderly（有秩序的）
day- daily（每天的）
week-weekly
month-monthly
year-yearly
四、形容词和副词变比较级和最高级规则
1.一般+er/est
strong- stronger- strongest
2.以字母e结尾只加r/st
late- later- latest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这一个辅音字母后再加er/est 闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音例如：bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;
b)元音+辅音例如it、of; c) 元音+多个辅音例如：egg ，fish 。
hot- hotter- hottest
thin- thinner- thinnest
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加er/est
angry- angrier- angriest
ugly- uglier- ugliest
4.其他双音节词或多音节词，在形容词前加more或most
enthusiastic- more enthusiastic- most enthusiastic
5.well-known
better-known
best-known
6.well-better-best
badly-worse-worst
much-more-most
little-less-least
far-farther/further-farthest/furthest
五、常见用法
1. can’t be too＋adj.＝can’t be＋adj.＋enough无论……都不为过，越……越……如：
You can never be careful enough.＝You can never be too careful.
你无论怎么小心都不为过。
2. ＂as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as＂表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。
3.＂as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂与＂not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂
表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。
The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.
这项工作不是像你想像得那么难。
4.The more…, the more…表示＂越…，就越…＂(more代表比较级)
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。
The happier you are, the more friends you will make.
你越快乐，你将会交越多的朋友。
5.＂比较级+比较级＂和＂more and more+多音节词原级＂表示＂越来越……＂
Our school is cleaner and cleaner.
我们的校园越来越干净。
Our city becomes more and more beautiful.
我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。
两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。
6. ＂no +比较级+than＂结构表示＂和……一样不……＂
＂not +比较级+than＂结构意为＂不及＂，表示前者不如后者
You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。
My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。
7.so和such的区别
so +形容词/副词…
so + many/much/few/little(少)+名词…
such +形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+…
such + a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词…=so +形容词+ a(n)+单数可数名词…。