高考被动语态讲解及练习
A.had made B.have made
C.were made D.have been made
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的几十年里,为保护环境做出了各种努力。根据in the past decades可知句子用现在完成时态,efforts是句子主语,复数形式,和谓语动词make之间是被动关系,所以此处用现在完成时态的被动语态,故答案为D。
D.was; be operated on
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:考查insist的用法。句意:医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重,要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时,要用虚拟语气;当“坚持说,坚持陈述某事实”解时,用陈述语气。
考点:考查insist的用法
7.105.The International Olympic Committee announces here that an in crease of 15 eventsto the program of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games.
A.killed B.were killed
C.have killed D.have been killed
【答案】B
【解析】考查被动语态。句意:在圣塔菲高中,一名17岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪,在圣塔菲高中杀害了8名学生和2名教师。8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语,复数形式,和kill之间是被动关系,再根据in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的事故之一,可知这是在讲过去的事情,所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,故答案为B。
12.Due to the country’s growing rate of urbanization, China’s migrant population _______ to be over 200 million by 2020.
A.predicts B.is predicted C.will have been predicted D.will be predicted
高考被动语态讲解及练习
一、单项选择被动语态
1.The classroom ________ by students every day.
A.cleans B.cleaned
C.is cleaned D.is cleaning
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意:教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom,单数第三人称形式,与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系,再结合every day,可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态,故选C。
A.trappedB.have been trapped
C.had trappedD.had been trapped
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意:所有被困在岛上的游客都得救了,这真是太棒了。由were saved可知此事发生在过去,且被困应在被救之前,应用过去完成时;同时,visitors和trap构成被动关系,应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故D选项正确。
A.will make B.will be made
C.has been made D.had made
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意:国际奥委会宣布在2020年东京奥运会上将增加15个比赛项目。从年份2020可以看出是将来的动作,项目和增加是被动关系,故要用将来时的被动,故选B。
8.Various efforts ________ in the past decades to protect the environment.
答案:C
5.The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017.
A.announced B.was announced C.announces D.is announced
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意:设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布,故用被动语态;动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
C.would have; was being fixedD.did; was being fixed
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意:---我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢?---我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情,应该用would have done;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候,表示过去正在进行的动作,故答案选C。
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:由于中国城市化的速度不断提高,到2020年,中国的流动人口预计将超过2亿。结合句意可知,用一般现在时态的被动语态,句子主语是population,单数第三人称形式,故答案为B。该题容易误选D项,是现在预计,而不是将来预计,故用现在时态。
13.It's great that all the visitors whoon the island were saved.
C.can the patients be treated
D.treated can be the patients
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考查部分倒装。句意为:只有增加50%的医生,这个医院的病人才能得到恰当的医治。“only+状语”放于句首时句子须用部分倒装,故选C项。
考点:考查部分倒装
11.8 students and 2 teachersat Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.
6.All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
A.should be; be operated on
B.were; must be operated on
C.be; was operated on
10.Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _______ properly in this hospital.
A.can be the patients treated
B.the patients can be treated
16.—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?
—I __________. But my car ___________ .
A.would; was fixedB.would have; was fixed
9.Usually Beijing Roast Duck _____ together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce.
A.was served B.will serve
C.is served D.served
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意:通常北京烤鸭配上特制的薄煎饼、青葱和甜酱。句子说的是一般情况,要用一般现在时态;句子主语Beijing Roast Duck是单数第三人称,和谓语动词serve之间是被动关系,所以推知句子要用一般现在时态的被动语态,故答案为C。
14.—Are we about to having dinner?
—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.
A.serve B.is serving
C.is being served D.has been serving
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。
【点睛】
to代替不定式
在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。to代替不定式,常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try,tell等动词连用。
17.Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.
A.were told toB.are told
C.are told toD.wer句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。
2.—The window is dirty.
—I know. It ________ for weeks.
A.hasn’t cleanedB.didn’t clean
C.wasn’t cleanedD.hasn’t been cleaned
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤:1.确定时态:这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏,现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2.确定语态:主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意:—窗户很脏。—我知道,这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。