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并列复合句

并列复合句1. 并列复合句的定义:由并列连词and, but, or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。

2. 并列复合句的构成:并列复合句的基本结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句例如:I help him and he helps me.You must put on your coat, or you’ll have a bad cold in such a cold day.3.常用的并列连词:一、表示转折对比关系的并列连词1. but但是,可是,而,却连接两个简单句,有时句中某些词可以省略;连接两个并列成分,可以放在一个句子的句首,后面不接逗号。

例:I hope you don't mind me asking ,but where did you buy thoseshoes ?2. yet但是;尽管如此可连接两个句子,用逗号分开,也可在yet 前加and ,还可以放在一个句子的句首。

例:The car is old,yet it is in good condition. 这辆车旧了,但车况很好。

3. while而,但是,可是,却while 作连词用时,可表示对比或转折关系。

例:I do every single bit of housework while my husband Bob just doesthe dishes now and then.二、表示因果关系的并列连词1. for因为由并列连词for 引导的分句常置于句子后部,而且常用逗号与前面的分句隔开。

for 分句主要是对前一分句补充说明理由或推断原因。

for 分句不能用来回答why 问句。

例:I did my best not to show pleasure,but what I was feeling waspure happiness,for my words had the power to make people laugh.2. so 因此可以连接两个句子,中间有时用逗号隔开;也可在so前加and ;还可以放在一个句子的句首。

例:The shop doesn't open until 11 a.m. ,so it loses a lot of business.三、表示选择关系的连词oror连接并列成分时,意为“或者,还是”;用于否定句中,意为“也不”,这时不宜用and ;还有“否则,要不然”之意,相当于otherwise.例:Hurry up!Or you will be late!四、表示并列关系的并列连词1. and和,同,与,又,并且,就例:Stand over there and you'll be able to see it better.2. not only …… but also ……不仅……而且例:Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examinationafter another.3. neither…… nor……既不……也不例:They worked neither for fame nor for personal gains.他们工作一不为名,二不为利。

4. both …… and……既……又例:A man should have both courage and wisdom.人既要有勇气又要有智慧。

五、其他并列连词1. not…… but……不是……而是It was not the bones of an animal but of a human being. 这不是一只动物的骨头,而是人的骨头。

2. rather than而不是;与其……宁愿Rather than go on foot,he always prefers to ride a bicycle.与其走路,他通常都会宁愿踩单车3. when 正当那时,相当于and at that timeTom was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park when shewas bitten on the leg by a lion.当汤姆被一头狮子咬的时候,他正和他的家人在一个野生动物园度假注意:(1)用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…, both…and…, as well as,等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关系。

前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

(2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词or, not…but…(不是……而是……), either…or…(要么……要么),等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。

(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but (但是),yet(可是),while(而,另一方面),however(可是)等,前后分句时态一致。

(4) 表示因果关系,常见连词because, as, for(因为), so 等。

用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。

4.并列连词前后简单句之间的关系:(1) 并列关系。

如:They are watching TV, and the others are listening to the radio.I’m a doctor and she is a nurse.注意:A. and 用于连接两个意思一致或连贯的词或短语,意为“和,又,而且,然后”。

如:He is able to read and write.B. and 用在祈使句后表示结果,意为“那么”。

如:Work hard and you will pass your examination.(2) 选择关系。

如:The children can go with us, or they can stay at home.注意:or 还可以用于说明原因,意为“不然,否则”。

He must like her, or he wouldn’t keep calling her.(3) 转折关系。

如:It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴,但是它会说话。

School is over, yet all the teachers are still working.学校放学了,可是老师们仍然在工作。

He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist.他想当作家,而我则想当科学家。

It's raining hard, however, we must go out.雨下得很大,然而我们必须出去。

(4) 因果关系。

A. for在意义上与从属连词because,since和as相同,但它们引导的是原因状语从句,而for 则连接两简单句,前者表示结果,后者表示原因。

其结构为:简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)。

如:He has many good friends, for he is an honest man.他有许多好朋友,因为他是个诚实的男子汉。

B. so意为"因此"、"所以",但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。

因为because是从属连词,而是并列连词,用来连接并列句。

其结构为:简单句(原因) +so牛简单句(结果)。

如:Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead.李老师回家乡去了,所以王老师替二课。

5. 其他形式的并列句(1)"祈使句+and+简单句"。

其中祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果,谓语常用一般将来时。

例如:Use your head, and you will find away.动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。

(2)"祈使句+or+简单句"。

祈使句表示一个条件,并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果。

例如:Study hard, or you Will fall behind the others.努力学习,否则你就会落于别人。

(3)"either...or..."结构表示"不是...就是...","或者...或者...",例如:Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it. 我叔叔可以做那件事,或者我婶婶也可以做。

习惯上将两个句子合并成Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.(4) "not only...but also..."意思为"不仅...而且...",例如:如:Not only the students have missed the school car, but also the teacher has missed the school car.不仅学生,而且他们的老师都误了校车。

(5) "neither...nor..."结构,意为"既不...也不...","两者都不...",用法与either...or..., not only...but also...相同。

6. 使用并列复合句要注意的几种情况。

(1) 并列复合句有时可不用连词,而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)。

如:We fished all day; we did not catch a single fish.(2) 并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分,则相同的部分常可省略。

如:Snoopy lives in his own world and (Snoopy) finds real life hard to understand.由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。

其结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句常用的连词有and, but, or not only...but also, neither...nor, either...or并列句分为: 联合并列句, 转折并列句, 选择并列句和因果并列句 (1). 联合并列句常由并列词and, not only…but also…..等连接如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way.(2). 转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接如: I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.(3). 选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise, either…or…, 等连接 (4). 因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接. 如: it was late, so we went home.在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中, 当前后两部分间为承接关系时, 用and;前后意思为相反关系时, 用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句, 但必须将and 或or 去掉.如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time.考点:并列复合句是中考的考点,主要体现在单项填空和完成句子中,要求学生重点掌握知识点 2本模块重点短语Had better do something Prefer ...to... Much too Take part inHow to do三、例题精析【例题1】1. Be careful, _________ you will fall off the bike. A. but B. and C. so D. or 【答案】D【解析】根据句意“小心点,否则你就会从自行车上摔下来。

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