完形填空考纲要求考查根据上下文理解语篇意义的能力。

二、完型填空解题步骤总结三、解题步骤分析1、浏览全文，抓准主旨考生在答题时，不要急于看选项、找答案，应先通篇浏览短文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物及事件发展的脉络情节。

只有抓住了文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。

抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就会迎刃而解。

注意：要充分利用首句的标示作用第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是据以判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。

（when, where, who, what, how…)。

注意：要注意尾句的提示和总结作用。

2、细读全文，透析文意⑴.看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。

这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。

注意上下文的内在联系，是做好完型填空的保证，而断章取义，就题论题，忽视前后文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。

信息提示有时出现在前文，有时出现在后文，有时出现在本空所在的句子，学生需要在做题时边读边思考，边读边储存信息，边读边注意前后联系，这也是第一遍通览全文的主要作用。

⑵通顺逻辑，寻求搭配注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。

例如：⑶牢固掌握重点单词词组词意、用法及语法知识⑷看清执行者，确定所选词⑸根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。

这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。

常见的承接语有for one thing…for another…等连接词表示列举；First…and then, First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow, still, though, although…表示让步关系；therefore, so表结果；because, since, due to, owing to…表原因，等等。

3、全面验证，理清逻辑考生在选项填完后，一定要通读短文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文衔接是否合理；另外，连词、副词也是完形填空常考的词，考生选择后要特别注意上下文的语气、语态，避免出现逻辑混乱。

四．案例分析：根据逻辑关系解完形填空➢表示转折关系Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten.A. in particularB. in realityC. at leastD. first of all【解析】本句中有连词but，马上可以判断上下文之间是转折关系。

上文提到商业成功就是吸引和留住顾客，听起来比较简单，下午则说这些话不久会被忘记。

因此我们可以判断是表示理想和现实之间的差距。

因为选择B选项。

People think children should play sports. Sports are fun. However, playing sports can have __50__ effects on children.A. restrictiveB. negativeC. activeD. instructive【解析】针对这题中出现的However，上下文可以确定是转折关系，既然上文提到运动的好处，那下文应该就是指运动对人产生的不好的影响。

根据这个逻辑关系，我们就应该寻找表示负面含义的选项，直接选B。

The results show of all the variations, two girls make for the most harmonious family life as they are unlikely to fight, will play nicely and are generally a pleasure to be around......__53__, doubling the number of daughters is likely to lead to a whole world of pain, the report found. Mums and dads with four girls turn out to be the least happy with family life overall.A. By contrastB. As a resultC. In additionD. To some extent【解析】根据语境，所填选项上文提到一个家庭两个女儿是最和谐的，而选项之后的文字确说女儿数量加倍后有可能给家庭带来不愉快。

显然上下文是转折关系，选A作为正确选项。

In fact, mums and dads with four children of any gender found it harder, the results showed. __61__, sixty-two per cent of parents with this combination would have exactly the same number of children if they had their time again.A.ThereforeB. BesidesC. MoreoverD. However【解析】同样，上文提到一个有四个孩子的家庭生活困苦，但是后文确说如果让这些家庭的家长重新选择的话，他们还是会选择要四个孩子。

毫无疑问，这里也是转折关系，选D。

Those who tended to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, 61 those who were often unhappy, tense and unfriendly had a negative style.A. WhileB. howeverC. what’s moreD. therefore【解析】此题联系上下文很明显有一种对比，考查了while表转折关系连词的用法，选A。

It can be difficult for an individual to recognize the effects that humans have had on specific species. It is also hard to identify or predict human effects on individual species and habitats, especially during a human lifetime. 61 it is quite obvious that human activities have greatly contributed to species endangerment.A. BecauseB. AndC. ButD. So【解析】上文提到很难确认或预测人类对个体物种的影响，但是后文却说人类活动对于物种的危害是显而易见的。

可以判断是转折关系，选C。

You might think that women's equality benefits mostly women, __52__ every one percent growth in female secondary schooling results in a 0.3 percent decrease in the economy.A. soB. althoughC. butD. and【解析】根据句意，你可能会认为女性平等会让大部分女性受益，但是女性中学教育每上升1个百分点就会导致经济上下降0.3个百分点。

因此属于转折关系，选择C选项。

另外，句子开头的”You might think...”已经暗含了作者接下来表示转折的语气，请读者体会。

Home builders can now use materials, such as green paints, that release significantly reduced amounts of chemical compounds, which people believe don’t destroy the quality of the air. __57 , our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating completely healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil or reused by industry again and again.A. AnywayB. BesidesC. AnyhowD. However【解析】上文提到新材料的使用可以降低对空气质量的破坏，下文笔锋一转说我们的基本设计策略不仅仅只是减低坏的程度。

因而属于转折关系，选D。

Success often depends on your performance at an interview. For those who are well prepared, it can be a positive experience but for others it can be a 51 time.A. terrifyingB. agreeableC. appointedD. convenient【解析】根据句子连词but所呈现的转折关系，可以判断所需要填的词应该表示负面情绪的。

因此果断选择A选项作为正确选项，其他三个选项都没有没有负面情绪。

It’s also important to make sure that you really listen to what is being asked. In your preparation you will have rehearsed answers to a number of imaginary questions; but you must 62 your response to suit the questions.A. giveB. shiftC. findD. tailor【解析】根据句中连词but，上下文表转折，上文提到你可以对你想象出来的问题准备好答案，所以后文就很有可能是在正式面试时你不能答非所问。