外研版2018年英语中考归纳复习专题：介词【介词】介词是一种虚词，表示名词、代词等与其他词的关系，不能单独作句子成分。
介词后面一般有名词、代词或动名词等作它的宾语（如果是人称代词，则要用宾格），介词和它的宾语构成介词短语，在句中作状语、表语或定语等。
【时间介词】1.at,in与on2. from,since与for3.before与after4.until,during与by【考点训练1】1.China successfully hosted the Belt and Road Forum _____ May，2017. （）A.onB.inC.byD.at2.We usually have the first class ___ 8:00 in the morning. （）A.inB.onC.atD.from3.More and more young people go skating _____ winter. （）A.atB.inC.onD.to4.I’ve had this mobile phone ___ three years. （）A.byB.fromC.forD.since5.His grandfather has been ill ___ last year. （）A.forB.sinceC.fromD.after6.___ April 22nd,people around the world celebrate Earth Day in different ways.（）A.InB.AtC.OnD.For【方位介词】1.at与in2.in,on与to【图解助记】3.over，above，on,under与below【图解助记】4.其他方位介词near 在……附近next to在……旁边，附近beside在……旁边under 在……下面behind在……后面inside在……里面outside 在……外面along沿着across from在……对面【考点训练2】1.—Where is Mary flying?—She is flying to France soon.She will arrive ___ Paris on the morning of July 2. （）A.toB.atC.inD.on2.I can’t see Lucy because she is ___ the tree. （）A.in front ofB.behindC.next toD.beside3.Russia lies ___ the north of China. （）A.onB.toC.inD.at4.The workers will build a new railroad ___ the two cities. （）A.amongB.inC.betweenD.at5.—Oh,my God! I’ve left my keys in the room.I’ll have to get in ___ thewindow.—It’s dangerous.You’d better wait for your dad to come back. （）A.past B.over C.across D.through【方式介词】考点训练3】用适当的方式介词填空。
1.I learn English ___ keeping a diary ____ English.2.Cut the orange ____ the knife.3.My brother loves watching game shows ____ TV.4.We can see ____ our eyes.答案：by in with on with【其他介词】【考点训练4】1.A person’s life is like a road ___ lots of difficulties.（）A.byB.withC.alongD.during2.She often brings home many books to read ___ the library. （）A.fromB.inC.forD.by3.Wild animals are our friends.We shouldn’t kill them ___ food or clothing. （）A.inB.withC.aboutD.for 【介词短语】介词作为虚词，不能单独使用，常与名词等构成介词短语或与动词等搭配使用。
常见介词搭配类型如下：1.介词+名词at noon/night在中午/晚上at home在家at school在学校at work在工作at the back of在……后面at the beginning of在……开始at the end of在……结尾at the foot of在……脚下at the same time同时as a result结果by bike/bus/car/train/plane骑自行车/乘公共汽车/小汽车/火车/飞机by the end of到……结束时by the way顺便提一下for example例如in a hurry匆忙；急忙in all总共；总计in a low/loud voice低/大声地in a word总而言之in bed卧床in danger处于危险中in English用英语in fact 事实上in hospital生病住院in (the) front of在……前面in need在危难中in one’s opinion在某人看来in order井然有序in person亲自；亲身in public当众；公开地in silence无声地in surprise惊奇地in the day在白天in the end最后in the future在将来in the hospital在医院in the middle在中间in time及时in trouble处于困境in turn轮流on business出差on fire着火on foot步行on duty值日；值班on time准时；按时on sale在出售on show展览on the left/right在左/右边on the one hand,on the other hand一方面……另一方面on the phone/on TV通过电话/电视on the way to在去……的路上to one’s surprise令某人吃惊的是with the help of在……的帮助下2.be+形容词+介词be afraid of害怕be angry with对（某人）生气be born with天生具有be busy with忙于……be different from 与……不同be excited about对……感到兴奋be famous for因……而闻名be fond of喜欢be full of/be filled with充满……be good at擅长于……be good/bad for对……有好处/坏处be good/nice/friendly/kind to sb.对某人友好be good with善于应付……的;对……有办法be harmful to对……有害be helpful to对……有帮助be interested in对……感兴趣be late for迟到be made of/from由……制成be popular with受……欢迎be proud of为……感到自豪/骄傲be responsible for对……有责任be satisfied/pleased with对……感到满意be sorry for为……感到抱歉be surprised at对……感到惊奇/诧异be sure of/about确信；对……有把握be strict with sb.对某人要求严格be strict in sth.在某方面要求严格be/get used to习惯于be worried about担心3.动词(+名词/副词)+介词ask sb. for...向某人要……arrive at/in到达agree with sb.同意某人的意见argue with sb.和某人争吵care for照顾;关心catch up with赶上deal with处理;应付depend on信赖;依靠do well in在……方面做得好drop by/in顺便拜访fall in love with爱上help sb.with sth.帮助某人（做）某事hand in上交hear of/about听说hear from收到某人的来信keep away from远离keep...from阻止keep up with跟上knock at敲（门）knock into撞上laugh at嘲笑learn about了解learn from向……学习pay for付费；付出代价pay attention to注意；关注point at/to 指向；朝向talk about谈论talk to/with sb.和某人交谈wait for等待worry about担心4.其他介词短语according to根据after all毕竟；终究ahead of在……前面long with随着at first首先at last最后at once立刻as for至于；关于because of因为in order to为了instead of代替；而不是such as例如on one’s own独自；独立thanks to幸亏；由于together with和……一起up to直到；多达【考点训练5】1.—My son has a hard time learning English.—I advise you to talk with him ___ person. （）A.onB.ofC.forD.in2._____ the No.48 bus driver,all the passengers were saved.The driver managed to stop the bus before he died. （）A.Thanks toB.According toC.As forD.Instead of3.Jenny’s uncle is a scientist.She is proud ___ him.（）A.fromB.atC.inD.of4.When James arrived at the railway station,he tried to look ___ a place to park his car. （）A.afterB.atC.upD.for【考题热身】1.(2017·云南)Many people like watching Chinese Poetry Conference(诗词大会) ____ TV. （）A.inB.ofC.atD.on2.(2017·临沂)A couple from Australia welcomed five healthy babies ___ January. （）A.atB.inC.forD.on3.(2017·上海)Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City ___ the airport. （）A.atB.underC.onD.with4.(2017·青岛)—Which is your new English teacher?—The young lady ___ red over there. （）A.withB.inC.onD.for5.(2017·广东)It’s very kind ___ you to lend me your reusable shopping bags. （）A.ofB.forC.toD.with6.(2017·黔东南)They arrived at the airport of Huangping ___ the morning of June 7th. （）A.inB.atC.byD.on7.(2017·连云港)—I’m thirsty.I’d like a glass of orange juice.What about you,Dad?—I prefer a cup of coffee ___ nothing in it. （）A.withB.withoutC.forD.to8.(2017·宿迁)Your gloves should be made ___ leather,for they feel soft and smooth. （）A.inB.onC.forD.of9.(2017·安徽)To my pleasure,my family is always ___ me whatever I decide to do. （）A.aboveB.behindC.fromD.through10.(2017·德州)—______，there must be life on other planets though none has been discovered.—I agree with you.The universe is so large after all.（）A.To my surpriseB.To be honestC.In my opinionD.Again and again。