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最新中职教材汽车专业英语教案:WhatisBattery(加工制造类)汽车制造与维修)

Chapter Four Auto Electric【课题】What is Battery【教材版本】高等教育出版社,2005版中职教材《汽车专业英语》. 黄立新主编.【教学目标】1.了解汽车蓄电池的相关知识,掌握有关词汇词组。

2.掌握汽车蓄电池相关术语的英语表达方法。

3.能查阅与汽车知识有关的英文资料。

4.能借助字典翻译汽车电器方面的文章。

【教学重点、难点】教学重点:汽车蓄电池中常用零件的英文名称。

汽车蓄电池基本工作原理的英语表达法。

教学难点:科技术语的汉译【教学媒体及教学方法】A. 语言功能意念训练B. 围绕课文展开的讨论C. 各抒己见:就课文引出的话题交流意见,表述个人观点。

D. 使用教材第4章第1课,播放收集的多媒体演示素材(以下素材样例是可播放的动画,可帮助学生对教学内容的理解,提高学习效率)。

【课时安排】2课时(90分钟)【教学建议】通过视频、声音、动画等素材,使学生掌握蓄电池的术语、原理的英文表达。

增加阅读和学习的趣味性,尽量做到通俗易懂。

【教学过程】一、导入(5分钟)汽车电源的特点:1.直流汽车的所有用电设备使用的都是直流电。

2.低压汽油车普遍采用12V电系,而重型柴油车则多采用24V电系。

二、新授(75分钟)译前词语准备battery 蓄电池(俗称电瓶)electric pole电极electrolyte电解液charge 充电discharge放电positive 正极negative 负极译文及评析A battery is an electrochemical device. Car batteries are of the 12V type.蓄电池是一种电化学设备。

汽车用蓄电池的电压为12V。

评析:electrochemical“电气化学的”,如:electrochemical making“电化学加工”;electrochemical marking“电解刻印”。

The battery supplies current to initially energize the magnetic field of the alternator. During charging, the battery changes electrical energy from the alternator into chemical energy to maintain its state of charge. It also provides electricity when the load is too heavy for the alternator to handle alone. The battery also acts as a "shock absorber" to stabilize alternator voltage output. The battery is used to supply current for starting the car. Up-on starting; the generator will recharge the battery.蓄电池为交流电动机最初的励磁提供电能。

在充电时,蓄电池将发电机输出的电能转化为化学能存储在蓄电池中。

当过载时,蓄电池与发电机共同为车辆提供电能。

蓄电池还起到“减震器”(吸收过载电压)的作用,使发电机的输出电压稳定。

蓄电池通常为汽车起动提供电能,在起动后发电机再为蓄电池充电。

评析:alternator:电机是实现电能和机械能互相转换的旋转装置;changes……fro m……int o……,“将……转化为……”;acts as“起到……的作用”。

The battery contains positive and negative plates that are connected in such a way as to produce three or six groups or cells. The plates are covered with electrolyte.蓄电池由3~6组(单元)连接在一起的正极板与负极板组成。

这些极板浸在电解液中。

评析:The battery contains positive and negative plates that are connected in such a way as to produce three or six groups or cells.如果直接翻译就是“电池包含在如此方法:被连接的正极板与负极板生产三或六个组或单元”,显然应该意译,理解为“蓄电池由3~6组(单元)连接在一起的正极板与负极板组成。

”A charged battery will amass (gather a great quantity) a surplus of electrons at the negative post. When the battery is placed in a completed circuit, the electrons will flow from the negative post, through the circuit, and on to the positive post.充满电的蓄电池负极会积聚大量的电子。

当蓄电池接入电路后,电流从负极经过电路流向正极。

评析:在这句话中,charged作为由charge“充电”转变而来的形容词,解释为“充满电的”。

(gather a great quantity)作为对amass的解释,意为大量聚集,翻译时只需翻译amass(积聚)或者gather a great quantity(大量聚集)即可。

The battery must be kept charged by passing electricity through it in a reverse direction to that of battery current flow.蓄电池充电时电流方向必须与其放电时相反。

评析:in a reverse direction to意为“与……相反”。

The battery is checked for charge by using a hydrometer to determine the specific gravity of the electrolyte.用比重计检测蓄电池电解液的比重来确定蓄电池充电状况。

评析:meter为“仪表”,如:发动机转速表:Tachometer;速度表:Speedometer。

Batteries can explode and should never be exposed to sparks or open flame.由于蓄电池可能发生爆炸,所以不允许将蓄电池暴露在火花和明火下。

评析:open flame不能翻译为“打开火”,显然它的含义为“明火,户外的火”。

Be careful of battery electrolyte, it is dangerous!小心蓄电池的电解液,它很危险!评析:在正常情况下使用, 若电池体及其密封保持完整性,则固态电极和液态电解液不会放生化学反应。

只在滥用电池(机械,热,电),导致安全阀活动和/ 或电池破裂的情况下才有起火燃烧的危险。

The battery is most often in the engine compartment. Most batteries are visible and accessible for inspection and service, but some batteries are covered by large plastic heat shields that may be awkward to remove. Others are mounted under the plastic reservoir for washer fluid or engine coolant. Still others may be located in special compartments inside fender panels to protect them from engine heat. If the battery and its large cable connections are not clearly visible, remote terminals are located under the hood for battery testing and jump-starting.蓄电池通常位于发动机室中。

大多数的蓄电池直接就看得见,并且可以直接接触到,(这是为了便于)检查和维护,但有些蓄电池被大的塑料隔热板所覆盖,不便于移动。

另外有一些蓄电池安装在风窗洗涤液和发动机冷却液储液罐下面。

还有一些可能安装在翼子板里面的某些特殊部位,以避免发动机热量的影响。

如果无法很清楚地看到蓄电池和与之连接的导线,则采用位于发动机罩下面的远置式接线柱,用做蓄电池的检测和跨接起动。

评析:be awkward to“难使用的, 笨拙的”。

protec t……fro m……“避免……”。

在“If the battery and its large cable connections are not clearly visible, remote terminals are located under the hood for battery testing and jump-starting.”中,large cable指的是蓄电池正、负极上的导线,由于汽车是属于低电压大电流的用电设备,因此正负极引出的导线直径较其他导线来得大,以降低大电流通过导线时产生的热量,所以这里large应该理解为线径粗。

remote意为“相隔很远的,间接的”,句子中说接线柱(terminals)在发动机罩(hood)下面,而蓄电池和导线却看不清楚(not clearly visible)。

这是因为有一些汽车(特别是进口轿车)的蓄电池,比如宝马、奔驰,位于行李箱下边,而发动机等装置却在前面,有一些检测工作必须要用到蓄电池电源,所以这些车辆会在发动机室里面设计一个接线柱(与蓄电池正极相连),人们可以从这个接线柱直接引电,而不用到行李箱去引电,省却了很多麻烦。

Most batteries today are the sealed, maintenance-free kind. These batteries are not completely sealed and airtight, however. They have small vents to release gases as the battery is charged and discharged. Maintenance-free batteries do not have removable caps or covers for their cells. Although maintenance-free batteries are more common today, the older style with removable cell covers is still in use on many vehicles.今天,大部分的蓄电池是密封的,免维护的。

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