摘要本文首先介绍了电力系统的概念，电力系统的故障、各种故障存在的形式、故障类型以及各种故障的原因和分析。

电力系统故障和原因分析是电力发展最重要的内容之一。

由各级电压的电力线路将一些发电厂,变电所和电力用户联系起来的一个发电，输电，变电，配电和用电的整体，称为电力系统。

电力系统故障类型主要有短路故障，断相故障，复杂故障以及自然灾害引起的故障。

关键词：电力系统故障故障类型原因分析短路故障断相故障复杂故障自然灾害冻雨电力故障SummaryThis paper first introduces the concept of power system, power system fault, all kinds of fault in the form, fault type and various of the cause of the failure and analysis. Electric power system fault and reason analysis is the electric power development the most important content of one.At all levels of the electric power line voltage by some power plants, substation and power users link up a power generation, transmission, the substation, power distribution and power consumption of the whole, called electric power system. Electric power system fault types have mainlyShort circuit fault, broken phase fault, complex fault and the fault caused by natural calamities.Keywords: electric power system fault fault type cause short-circuit fault analysis broken phase fault complex fault natural disasters freezing rain power failure目录摘要 (I)Summary (II)目录.............................................................................................................................. I II 目录................................................................................................ 错误!未定义书签。

一电力系统常识..................................................................................................... - 1 -1.1电力系统和电力网的概念.......................................................................... - 1 -1.2电力系统的主要设备及功能。

.................................................................. - 1 -1.2.1发电部分............................................................................................ - 1 -1.2.2电力变压器........................................................................................ - 1 -1.2.3高压断路器........................................................................................ - 1 -1.2.4隔离开头............................................................................................ - 2 - 二电力系统故障的基本概念................................................................................. - 2 -2.1短路的原因及其后果.................................................................................. - 2 -2.2短路的原因.................................................................................................. - 2 -2.3短路的现象.................................................................................................. - 2 -2.4短路危害...................................................................................................... - 3 - 三短路的含义及类别............................................................................................. - 3 -3.1单相接地短路.............................................................................................. - 3 -3.2两相短路...................................................................................................... - 4 -3.3两相短路接地.............................................................................................. - 4 -3.4三相短路...................................................................................................... - 4 - 四短路原因............................................................................................................. - 4 - 五短路故障............................................................................................................. - 5 - 六鸟害闪络............................................................................................................. - 5 - 七污闪、冰闪和憎水性......................................................................................... - 6 -7.1 污秽闪络（浮冰闪络）............................................................................. - 6 -7.2 冰闪............................................................................................................. - 6 -7.3 憎水性......................................................................................................... - 7 - 八一般变压器常见故障......................................................................................... - 7 - 九断相故障............................................................................................................. - 7 - 十复杂故障............................................................................................................. - 8 - 十一自然灾害引起的故障..................................................................................... - 8 -11.1 短路融冰的原理....................................................................................... - 8 -11.2 防冻融冰存在的问题及分析................................................................... - 9 - 十二小结................................................................................................................. - 9 - 十三参考文献...................................................................................................................... - 10 -电力工业是为国民经济和社会发展提供能源的重要基础产业，也是关系国计民生的公用事业。