Prefixes For example: pre - : preview; prenatal; preschool; prehistory; post- : postgraduate; postwar; postnatal; bi-: bilingual; bicultural; multi-:multiparty; multimedia; co-(col- com- con- cor-):cooperation; collaboration; compassion; contemporary; correspond; coeducation; coworker
Blending
Derivation Derivation is the process of forming words by adding derivational affixes to stems. Affixes include prefix and suffix. Usually, prefixes do not change the part of speech of a word. Their chief function is to modify its meaning, although there are exceptions. While suffixes are to change the grammatical function of a stem, though there are a few exceptions. Suffixes can be divided into noun suffixes, adjective suffixes, adverb suffixes and verb suffixes.
Word
Grammar Listening / Speaking
Reading
Writing
How do we remember those new words?
A B C Word Association D Word Classification
Word Fon The types of conversion are: (1) Conversion to Nouns: verb to noun: take a walk; have a look; have a try; pay a visit; adjective to noun: good (adj)好的 → good(n)益处; native (adj)本地的 → native (n)本地人
Prefixes Prefixes can be divided, based on their meanings, into: negative prefixes, prefixes of degree or size, locative prefixes, prefixes of time and order, number prefixes and miscellaneous prefixes. For example: dis-: dislike; dishonest; disability; disorganize; discolor; distract; un-: unreal; unconditional; unjust; unchanged; unlock; unearth; untouched
Word Combination Sixty-six sick chicks The sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick. She sells seashells by the seashore. George Gabs grabs crabs; crabs George Gabs grabs. Amidst the mists and coldest frosts, with barest wrists and stoutest boasts, he thrust his fist against the posts, and insists he sees the ghosts.
Conversion
The types of conversion are: (2)Conversion to Verbs: noun to verb: water (n.) → water (v.) 浇水; book (n.) → book (v.)预订; X-ray (n.) 光线 → X-ray (v.)透视; handle (n.) 把手 → handle (v.)处理 adjective to verb: better (adj.) 较好的→ better (v.)改善; cool (adj.)凉爽的 →cool (v.)使冷却; calm (adj.)使镇定的 → calm (v.) 使镇定
How do we remember those new words?
A B C Word Association D Word Classification
Word Formation Word Combination
Word Formation
Derivation
Compounding
Conversion
Compound For instance: handbag; handball; handbill; handbook; handcart; handcuffs; hand-made; handmaid; handout ; hand organ ;hand-picked ; hand pump ; handshake; handkerchief ;
Compound
Adj. +Noun +-ed: noble-minded; good-tempered; Adj.+-ing: good-looking; fine-sounding; Adv.+-ing: hard-working; far-reaching; Noun+-ing: peace-loving; epoch-making Noun+-ed: state-owned; heartfelt; Adv.+-ed: well-known; widespread; Adj.+ Noun: large-scale; high-class; Noun +Adj.: duty-free; airsick;
LOGO
Annie Guo
2009-11-23
A
Adorable Aggressive Noble
N
N I
Intelligent
Elegant
E
Annie is an adorable and aggressive lady. She is noble, intelligent and elegant as well.
Blending the whole form of the second word + the first part of the first word: Eurasian: Europe + Asian 欧亚混血儿 the first part of the first word + the first part of the second word: sitcom: situation + comedy 情景喜剧
Suffixes
Verb suffixes：-ate, -ify, -ize, -en； Adv. suffixes：-ly； Adj. suffixes： -able, -ible, -ful, -ous, -ative, -al, -ic, -ical, -less, -y, -ish, -ing, -ed; Noun suffixes：-ation, -ion, -ment, -ness, -ing, -ance, -ence, -ity, -ism, -ist, -er, -ee, -or, -ary, -ant, -ian, -cy, -ship,-age。
Purposes
1 2 3 4
For fun
For future promotion For work
For a living
Three stories
Cert. Of CET6
North Shaanxi Rd
I…I…ICE…
The difficulties we have
1 2 3 4 5
Conversion Conversion is the formation of new words by converting words of one part of speech to the words of another part of speech, without changes in morphological structures. Words created are new only in a grammatical sense. Marriage is not a word; it is a sentence.
Blending Blending is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word. The categories of Blending are: the first part of the first word + the last part of the second word: botel: boat + hotel 汽艇游客旅馆 the whole part of the first word + last part of the second word: lunarnaut: lunar + astronaut 登月宇航员