Part I: 创业家精神
第二章
创业家的个性特性
The personality of Entrepreneurs
Entrepreneurship and New Business Venture Dr. Lin Guo, MBA Centre, Xiamen University
学习要点：
To identify some key entrepreneurial feelings and motivations; To identify key elements in an entrepreneur’s background; To discuss the typology specific for entrepreneurship.
Locus of Control
(Rotter, 1966) (Brockhaus, 1982)
(Perry, 1980)
Entrepreneurship and New Business Venture Dr. Lin Guo, MBA Centre, Xiamen University
Psychological testing for Entrepreneurs:
Risk-Taking
(Colton and Udell, 1976)
(Palmer, 1971) (Liles, 1974)
Entrepreneur
Desire for Independence
(Stepanek, 1979)
Motives
(Timmons et al., 1990) (Cole, 1969)
•The degree to which the aims of the business correspond with the real aims of the entrepreneur;
•To what extent the real aims of the entrepreneur can actually – given his or her psychological make up – be achieved in practice.
Entrepreneurship and New Business Venture Dr. Lin Guo, MBA Centre, Xiamen University
Reason:
Because of the close relationship that exists between the entrepreneur and his business, the success or failure of the business is very much associated with two factors:
Projective tests: The individual writes – or, better
still talks – candidly about something (e.g., risktaking, innovative thought, and decision-making capacity).
Entrepreneurship and New Business Venture Dr. Lin Guo, MBA Centre, Xiamen University
Entrepreneurship and New Business Venture Dr. Lin Guo, MBA Centre, Xiamen University
Entrepreneurship and New Business Venture Dr. Lin Guo, MBA Centre, Xiamen University
McClelland’s (1961) Need for Achievement(成就感）
Point: Entrepreneurs share a common type of personality which explains their behavior.
Basic Assumption: entrepreneurs are in some way different from the general population and that this difference can be explained in terms of the entrepreneur’s personality profile.
Main psychological characteristics: nAch; risk-taking propensity; locus of control; problem-solving; value; etc.
Entrepreneurship and New Business Venture Dr. Lin Guo, MBA Centre, Xiamen University
Pencil and paper tests: The first type seeks to
determine whether an individual who is likely to have the qualities necessary to succeed in setting up and running a small business. The second type seeks to determine what kind of small business activity is likely to be suitable for him.
The Psychological viewpoint of the Entrepreneur
Need for Peቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱsonal Attributes
Achievement (Hornaday, 1982)
(McClelland, 1965)
(Gibb, 1984)
(Wilken, 1979) (Welsh and White, 1981)