V-ing形式的用法动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语【知识点拨】一、动词-ing形式作表语动词-ing形式可用在系动词后面作表语，说明主语的性质或情况，多表示一般性的或抽象的行为。
例如：The news that our school won the game was exciting.注意：动词-ing形式作表语与进行时态的区别：进行时态表示主语正在做什么，而动词-ing形式作表语只是说明主语的特性或情况。
试比较：Mike is listening to music. 迈克正在听音乐。
(当前正在进行的动作) Mike’s favorite hobby is listening to music.迈克最大的爱好是听音乐。
(说明主语的情况)二、动词-ing形式作定语动词-ing形式作定语有两种用法，即：1.表示所修饰名词的用途或功能，意为“供……用的”。
例如： a reading room, a swimming pool, a singing competition, drinking water等。
2.表示主动和正在进行，相当于一个定语从句。
例如：falling leaves (=leaves that are falling), the rising sun (=the sun that is rising)。
单个的动词-ing形式作定语通常放在所修饰的名词之前，而短语则一般被放在所修饰的名词之后。
例如：exciting news, the students talking about the problem。
三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，即用来补充说明宾语的动作或情况。
常用的跟动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有：1. 表示感觉和心理状态的动词。
常见的有 see, watch, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, catch等。
例如：I could feel my heart beating wildly.2. 使役动词。
常见的有have, set, keep, get, leave等。
例如：They had the light burning all night.【巩固练习】I. 单项填空。
1. When she got home, she found her little son ________ on the ground, crying.A. liesB. layC. lyingD. laying2. The patient ________ by the doctor is Li Ming’s mother.A. to examineB. examiningC. is examinedD. being examined3. The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smellB. smellingC. smeltD. to be smelt4. I smell something _______ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?A. being burntB. burntC. burningD. to be burnt5. We were deeply _______ by the old man’s _______ story.A. moved; movingB. moving; movingC. moving; movedD. moved; moved6. My parents have always made me ________ about myself, even when I was twelve.A. feeling wellB. feeling goodC. feel wellD. feel good7. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ________ him.A. callingB. calledC. being calledD. to call8. — Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.— Sorry. With so much work ________ my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B. fillingC. to fillD. being filledII. 根据括号里的提示完成句子。
1. What he said was _________________________(令人困惑的).2. I’ll fire you if ________________________ (我再发现你抽烟) in the workshop.3. I saw a note on my desk _________________ (上面写的是我女儿下午要来看我).4. What children like most is __________________ (在班里受到表扬).Key: I. 1–4 CDBC 5–8 ADABII. 1. puzzling2. I find you smoking again3. saying that my daughter would come to see me this afternoon4. being praised in the class动词-ing形式作主语和宾语【知识点拨】一、动词-ing形式作主语● 动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作。
动词-ing形式作主语通常放在句首。
例如：Listening to music is my sister’s hobby.● 动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。
常用的结构：1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of … etc. + v-ing 例如：It is no use crying over spilt milk.二、动词-ing形式作宾语● 动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。
1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语：admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词; can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。
2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语：be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。
3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：● like, love, prefer如表示经常性的行为后接动词-ing形式；如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式，但要注意：如果like, love, prefer前有would，后面则接动词不定式。
如：Would you like to go shopping with me?● 下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：forget doing 忘记已做过某事； forget to do 忘记要做某事remember doing 记得做过某事； remember to do 记住要做某事mean doing 意思是，意味着； mean to do 打算做regret doing 后悔做过某事; regret to do 遗憾要做某事can’t hel p doing 禁不住做；can’t help (to) do 不能帮忙做。
● 在allow, permit, advise等动词后直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语，如果这些词后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如：We don’t allow smoking in the classroom.We don’t allow students to smoke.● 动词need, require, want作“需要”解时，其后用动词-ing的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，这时动词-ing的主动形式表被动意义。
如：Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.三、动词-ing的复合结构动词-ing的复合结构即：物主代词或名词所有格(作宾语时也可以用代词宾格或名词普通格) + 动词-ing。
如：Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone?四、动词-ing的时态、语态以及否定形式动词-ing有一般式(doing) 和完成式(having done) 两种时态，一般式的被动语态是being done，完成式的被动语态是having been done。
动词-ing的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
动词-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。
例如：I’m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.【巩固练习】单项填空。
1. The suggestion they all objected to ________ very effective finally.A. provedB. provingC. proveD. to prove2. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________ the answers ready will be of great help.A. To have hadB. Having hadC. HaveD. Having3. — What made you so happy?— ________ the first prize.A. GetB. GettingC. GotD. To get4. I really appreciate ________ a great effort to help me out of the trouble.A. you to takeB. your to takeC. your takingD. your being taken5. I still remember ________ to see films in the open air when I was small.A. to takeB. takingC. being takenD. to be taken6. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area ________.A. need repairingB. needs to repairC. needs repairingD. need to repair7. — You did very well at the meeting, Black.— Well, I regret ________ that to the boss.A. sayB. to sayC. saidD. having said8. It is worth considering what makes ”convenience” foods so popular, and ________ better ones of your own.A. introducesB. to introduceC. introducingD. introducedKey: 1–4 ADBC 5–8 CADC动词-ing形式作状语【知识点拨】● 动词-ing形式在句中作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。