THANK YOU!
S 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. We This is The dinner everthing The weather His face The madicine 8. The machine
V（谓语） are is smells looks became turned tastes goes
基本句型
二
主＋系＋表 S＋V ＋P
• 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语 动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上 一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓 语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连 系动词。 • 除了Be系动词外，还有一些动词可以用作系 动词，如： • 1.表示感官的动词，处于某种状态。feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem, etc. • 2.表示转变变化的动词，状态的改变. become, get, grow, turn, go, etc.
I sent him a book.
I brought May a present. I will tell you a story. She gave me her telephone number. = She gave her telephone number to me. My father made me a kite =My father made a kite for me.
英语句子有长在短，有简有繁，从现象看， 似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但从实质看，可 以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。英语 句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及 其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基 本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型： 句型一: 主+谓 S+V 句型二：主+系+表 S+V+P 句型三：主+谓+宾 S+V+O 句型四：主+谓+间宾+直宾 S+V +IO +DO 句型五：主+谓+宾+宾补 S +V +DO +OC
S 1.We 2.They 3.He 4.I 5.She 6.I 7.I 8.Mum 9.I
V named made painted found keeps found wish told saw
DO our puppy him the wall the book everything him you us a cat
英语句子的五种基本结构
陈凯恩
一、 句子基本成分 （members of a stentence）：
主语 Subject 谓语 Predicate 宾语 Object 定语 Attribute 状语 Adverbial 表语 Predicate 补语 Complement 同位语 Appositive
基本句型
四主＋谓＋ຫໍສະໝຸດ 宾＋直宾 S＋V ＋IO ＋DO请观察:1. I bring him a dictionary. 2. I bring a dictionary to him.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词 必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这 两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者(物或事)， 另一个是动作的间接承受者（人）。通常这 一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的 间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这 一介词往往被省略。 朗读： I give you help. Mary teaches us English. I will show him my passport.
间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有: bring, throw, give, hand, lend, pass, read, sell, send, show, tell, teach, wish, write, refuse, pay, promise, permit, offer, owe, leave, allow, deny, grant, etc. 间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有： make, cook, buy, play, sing, bring, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, order, paint, save, spare, etc.
OC Baby. chairman. white. easy. in good order at work to stay to study hard. running across the road
练习题：
• 1. Horses run fast. • •
•
•
主+谓 2. We study hard. 主+谓 3. I saw the children play in the park yesterday. 主+谓+宾+宾补 4. Please pass me the salt. 主+谓+间宾+直宾 5. the flower smells sweet. 主+系+表
注意二： 带 to do 做宾语的动词有：
offer, learn, intend, plan, demand, ask, promise, help，prepare，decide, determine， refuse， dare，manage，wish, hope, want, expect， fail，pretend，choose, seem, expect, hope, offer, agree, refuse, learn, help, plan, intend, etc. I want to help him. Mary decided to leave.
基本句型 五
主＋谓＋宾＋宾补 S＋V ＋DO ＋OC
• 此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及 物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整 的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语， 才能使意思完整。 • 宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出补充 说明的成分，宾语与其补足语是逻辑上的主 谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。若无宾语 补足语则句意不够完整。
注意一： 带V-ing做宾语的动词有： suggest, advise,stop, enjoy, miss ,finish , mind,keep ,perfer, be busy, be used to, give up etc. She loves window shopping. I enjoy living here. I prefer standing. May is busy doing the housework.
基本句型
主＋谓 S＋V
一
该句型中的动词为不及物，不及物动词词义 自身完整，不需要宾语补足其意义，但有些 动词词义必须由一个状语（不能没有状语） 进行补充。 Birds sing beautifully. He reads loudly. We go for a walk. Jim and Tom study together every day. She is studying hard at the university. They sit under the tree.
P（表语） Chinese. an English book. good. different. warmer. red. awful wrong.
基本句型
三
主＋谓＋宾 S＋V ＋O
该句型的特点： 谓语必须为及物动词或及物动词词语， 宾语必须是名词或者相当于名词的成分。也 就是说，谓语动词不能够表达完整的意思， 必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能 使意思完整。
• 6.My dream becomes true. 主+系+表 • 7.We found history book very interesting. 主+谓+宾+宾补 • 8. Tom always makes me happy. 主+谓+宾+宾补 • 9. Mary bought a ticket for me. 主+谓+直宾+间宾 • 10. Many animals live in forest. 主+谓
S
V(及物动词)
O（宾语）
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
We I He He She Tom They Lily
love like knows enjoys laugh at said ate made
our country. music everything reading. her. “Good morning”. some apples. cakes.
S 1. Time 2. I 3. The moon 4. They 5. He 6. He 7. They 8. The man 9. We all 10. The little birds
V(不及物动词) flies. see. rose. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday . is playing. have gone. cooked. eat, and drink. dispeared soon.