英语阅读理解长难句分析技巧指南英语长句和难句一般结构复杂，逻辑层次多；并列成分和插入成分多；修饰语多，特别是后置定语很长；各种从句多，并且从句与从句之间的关系复杂；省略和倒装经常出现；由于结构的需要，常见的搭配常常会颠倒或提前等等。
长难句分析方法指南英语句子无论多么复杂，它们都是通过一些语法手段和逻辑手段连接起来的。
所以，在理解英语句子的时候，理解并且拆分句子的语法结构和逻辑结构就自然而然成为了我们解题的突破口。
怎么拆分呢？我们可以把主句和从句拆分出来，即找出全句的主语，谓语和宾语；找出句中所有的谓语结构，非谓语结构，介词短语和从句的引导词；分析各从句的作用以及它们之间的关系。
说的具体一点，可以寻找下面一些“信号词”来对英语句子进行拆分，进而更加有效地理解英语原文。
长难句分析注意事项在分析句子成分时，还应该特别注意下列几点：1 是否有同位语和插入语。
2 是否有省略，倒装和分隔等现象。
3 替代词的所指对象。
4 判断并列成分的层次。
5 并列连词and, or, but, for通常起承上启下的作用，不要将它们归入后文的句法分析。
6 在从句多的句子中，从句中又包含从句的现象。
7 非谓语动词短语在句中作次要成分（定语和状语）时又带着自己较长的从属成分，尤其是状语从句或宾语从句时的结构分析。
8 在有多个的复合句和并列句中，状语（单个词，短语或从句）究竟是全句的修饰语还是某个从句或词语的修饰语。
长难句分析实例1. Decision-thinking is unlike poker---it often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.分析：这句话不长，但是由于有多个从句，并且还有省略，所以难度很大。
破折号把这个长句分成为两个句子，前边是简单句，其中not unlike构成双重否定表肯定；后面的是复合句，进一步说明前面的内容。
在这个复合句中it是形式主语，matters是谓语，意思为“要紧，重要”，not only---but also和and引导的是并列的名词性从句，在句中做真正的主语。
其中后边的两个句子省略了matters。
在主语部分中，matters not only what you think 的顺序应该是not onlywhat you think matters。
后边的两个句子省略了matters，原句的顺序应该是but also what others think you think (matters) and what you think they think you think (matters)。
译文：决策思维就象打扑克一样，不仅自己的想法很重要，而且别人对你的想法怎样考虑，你对别人对你的想法又怎样考虑也很重要。
2. However, those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students graduate with the belief that the future workplace may not have a place for them.•分析：本句的主干是：those of us know that---.know 有两个由that引导的宾语从句，其中第二个宾语从句that many liberal-arts---省略了know;；在第二个宾语从句中还有一个同位语从句修饰the belief。
在主句中有一个由who引导的定语从句修饰those of us.•译文：然而，我们这些有这个年龄段孩子的家长们都知道，这样的机会少得可怜；我们也知道，许多文科毕业生认为未来的就业市场没有他们的一席之地。
3. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to buildmore than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous.分析：这句话的主句是：They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years; giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, 是现在分词短语作伴随状语；called moai是过去分词短语作定语，修饰stone figures; for which the island is most famous 是定语从句，修饰moai.译文：一千多年来，他们与外界没有联系，这使他们有大量的时间来修建1000多座被称为“ moai”的石像，该岛就以这些石像著称。
4. In particular, he showed that all games fall into tow classes: there are what he called games of “perfect information”, games like chess where the players can’t hide anything or play tricks; they don’t win by chance, but by means of logic and skills.分析：冒号后面的句子there are what he called games of “perfect information”---是对前面two classes的说明。
句中的games like chess where the players can’t hide anything or play tricks是前面games of “perfect information”的同位语，加以补充说明。
分号后面的句子they don’t with by chance---则是对前面句子中the players can’t hide anything or play tricks进行补充说明。
译文：他特别指出所有的游戏都分成为两类：其中有他称之为可以获得我们信息的游戏，比如下棋。
在这类游戏中，对弈双方不可能隐藏任何东西或是捣鬼。
他们只能够靠逻辑判断和技巧来赢，而不是靠运气。
长难句分析小窍门有时候，分析长难句时可以在每个句子的结构后面标上相应的符号，避免将句子各个部分之间的关系搞混。
1 Finally, ⑴although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, ⑵recent graduates report that ⑶they don’t regret their choice of study.(NMET2004) 分析：⑴是第一个主谓结构，由于有although引导，所以它是个让步状语从句；⑵是第二个主谓结构，是全句的主句；⑶是第三个主谓结构，是宾语从句。
译文：最终，尽管有些主修社会科学的学生在找第一份工作时比学工科的同学要困难些，但是一些刚刚大学毕业的社会学专业的学生并不后悔他们的专业选择。
2 ⑴The woman at the desk gave him a bright smile ⑵as heentered and ⑶after Peter had explained what sort of room ⑷he was looking for, ⑸he paid two pounds for a list of about half a dozen landladies ⑹who had rooms to let.(NMET2004)分析：这个句子共有6个主谓结构，and连接了两个并列句，而这两个并列句又都是复合句。
⑴是主句的第一个并列句；⑵是第一个复合句的时间状语从句；⑶是第二个复合句中的时间状语从句；⑷是时间状语从句中的定语从句；⑸是主句的第二个并列句；⑹则是第二个并列句中的定语从句，修饰landladies，其中let意思是“出租”.译文：当Peter进来时，坐在桌边的女士向他爽朗地笑了笑。
在告诉她他在找什么房子后，她让交了两镑买一份大约有六个要出租房子的女房东的名单。
长难句实战演习根据句子意思，选出正确答案，并且尝试将句子翻译成为中文。
1 Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind unless they kill them for food.A.Most animals have little connection with other animals.B.Most animals have little connection with each other.C.Some animals kill another kind of animals for food.D.Some animals, such as human beings, kill each other forfood.2 It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.A.The ability to do the job is important.B.Where you come from is important.C.What you are is important.D.It doesn’t matter whether to do the job or not.3 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.A.The managers would like to carry out the plan the nextyear.B.The managers would like to discuss the plan the next year.C.The plan which the managers discussed would be carriedout the next year.D.The plan which would be carried out would be discussedthe next year.4 A friend of his introduced a doctor named Tom, an amateur painter, living 20 miles north of the city in a housefull of works given to him in return for medical advice.A.He lived 20 miles north of the city.B.A friend of his was a doctor.C.His friend gave the doctor many works.D.There were many works in the doctor’s house.5 The present question is that many people consider impossible hat is really possible if effort is made.A.The things are really impossibleB.Effort can make many things possible.C.Many people have made great effort.D.The things are considered possible.C A CD B。