中考语法专项一名词1.名词的数可数名词——一般是个体名词，如a boy(一个男孩)，集体名词 a family(一个家庭)，可数名词在句子中必须有头或是有尾，头就是a，one，an 或物主代词；尾就是复数形式。
特殊的复数形式: 1）集体名词：集体名词不能运用具体的数字修饰，下面的集体名词，不能用a，one，two等修饰，只能在其前加the 表示“全体……”。
the police 警察(指全体警察) the English 英国人(指全体英国人)the French 法国人(指全体法国人)2）复合名词a woman teacher—women teachers 女教师an Englishman—Englishmen 英国男子a grown-up—grown-ups 成人a brother-in-law—brothers-in-law 内兄、内弟、小叔、大伯2.不可数名词专有名词：NBA 全美篮球协会Michael Jackson 迈克杰克逊the West Lake 西湖物质名词：液体：milk water tea coffee juice oil(油)肉类：beef chicken mutton pork天气：weather rain snow wind light 光其他：news(新闻，消息) bread(面包)抽象名词：fun love luck duty kindness 善良happiness 幸福progress 进步【注意】有些不可数的物质名词有复数形式，但表达不同意义。
tea—different kinds of teas 不同种类的茶food 食品—all kinds of foods 各种各样的食品fruit 水果—all kinds of fruits 各种各样的水果glass 玻璃— a glass 一个玻璃杯—glasses 眼镜、玻璃杯不可数名词量的表示法a cup/bag/piece/bottle/glass/slice.....a pair of3.【名词的格】1).表示有生命的东西的名词所有格。
①一般在单数或复数名词后加－'s。
如：Tom's chair；the children's bedroom②以－s 结尾的复数名词后直接加“'”。
如：the students' reading room③并列名词表示各自所属时，在两个名词之后都加’s；表示共同所属时。
在最后一个名词后加's。
如：Tom and Mike's father 汤姆和迈克的父亲(俩人共有的父亲)Tom’s and Mike’s fathers汤姆的父亲和迈克的父亲（俩人各自的父亲）④表示店铺，某人的家，私人开的诊所、餐馆等，其所有格后的名词(如shop 等)可以省略。
如：at Tom’s在汤姆家里at the tailor's 在裁缝店at a chemist's 在药店2).表示无生命的东西的名词的所有格，常常用“of+名词”的形式。
如：the covers of the book(s)书的封面 a photo of my family 一张我家的全家福注意：①表示有生命东西的名词，如果名词较长或名词的定语较长．也可用“of+名词”的形式。
如：the works of Lu Xun, Lao She and Mao Dunthe founding of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国的成立②表示时间、距离、集体、城市、国家、团体、机构及某些惯用语中的名词，可用－'s。
如：yesterday's newspaper 昨天的报纸five minutes’ drive 开车五分钟的路程③of 短语所表示的是修饰名词的具体内容或材料。
如：a map of the world 世界地图 a ring of gold 金戒指④某些习惯用法中of 短语不能替换's 结构。
如：teachers' office 教师办公室children's book 儿童读物中考英语试题对名词的考查重点是：1. 可数名词与不可数名词；2. 可数名词的复数变化；3.不可数名词量的表示法；4. 名词所有格；5. 名词作定语；6. 在特定的语境中考查名词词义。
4、名词作定语[中考引路]—How many teachers are there in your school?—them over two hundred.A. woman; The number of; isB. women; The number of; isC. woman; A number of; isD. women; A number of; are[用法详解]名词用作定语时，通常用其单数形式。
例如：a football player 一名足球运动员；many banana trees 许多香蕉树但是常以复数形式出现的名词作定语时要用复数形式。
例如：a sports meet 一场运动会；aglasses store 一家眼镜店man，woman 作定语时可以用单数和复数两种形式，须随所修饰名词的数而定。
例如：a man doctor 一名男医生；two women teachers 两名女教师5、在特定的语境中考查名词词义[中考引路]1.— Would you please pass me something to drink?— What about some ?A.beefB. fishC. juiceD. bread2.—Mrs. Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.—She said she would never forget some pleasant while working there.A.experimentsB. expressionsC. experiencesD. emotions练习一．名词（可数名词与不可数名词、名词的复数形式、名词的所有格）典型题练习：l.-What a good you've given me! Thanks a lot.-My pleasure.A. informationB.newsC.suggestionD.advice2.There are millions of websites on the Internet and there a lot of useful on the websites.A.are; informationsB.are; informationC.is; informationD.is;informations3.-Can you imagine great progress in your study with no plan?-lf you fail to plan, you plan to fail. Success doesn't happen like magic.A.to makeB.making aC.makingD.to make a4.The theme park is about ride from the museum. You should start out right now.A.two hourB. two hour'sC. two hours'D. two hours5.He thought the painting was of little , so he let me have it for only ten pounds. .A.costB. priceC. valueD. money6.-How soon shall we start the bicycle trip?- .A.In three days'B. After three daysC. In three days' timeD. After three day's time7.British people eat a lot, and they are usually cooked in different ways.A.chickenB. beefC. fishD. potatoes8.The music made me think of the of a running stream.A.shoutB. noiseC. voiceD. sound9.-Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?-I'm afraid we have no but to take a taxi.A.choiceB. decisionC. reasonD. information10.-Could you tell me the of making such tasty cakes?-Well, I just follow the instructions in the cookbook.A.timeB. methodC. costD. menu11.Could you take for these ? They are very beautiful.A.any photos; tomatoesB. some photos; tomatoesC. some photos; tomatosD. any photos; tomatos12.The two cities have reached an to develop science and technology.cationB. excitementC. agreementD. invention13.It's your as a teacher to protect your students.A.dutyB. hobbyC. habitD. manner14.-Oh, dear! There isn't enough for us in the lift.-No hurry. Let's wait for the next.A.floorB. seatC. roomD. ground15.-Judy, I guess you are only twenty-five years old, is that true?-Oh, it's a .A.suggestionB. secretC. reasonD. problem16.Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of .A.knowledgeB. energyC. changeD. courage17.The students of Grade 7 visited Mike's farm and saw many there.A.birdB. duckC. sheepD. rabbit18.I'm going to the supermarket to buy some this afternoon.A.paper and pencilB. apples and bananaC. milk and eggsD. bowl and spoons19.-Why are you late, Jim?-Because there a lot of traffic when I came here.A.isB. areC. wasD. were20.None of them talked. They finished their meal in .A.silenceB. orderC. placeD. public21.-Finding information is not a big deal today.-Well, the is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.A.courageB. messageC. challengeD. knowledge以下为:根据句意, 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空22.The boy wanted to divide the apple into (half).23.The tall player doubts whether his weight affects his (foot)?24.Does the little boy look forward to acting as one of the (hero) in the game?25.Someone is burning the (leaf). We must stop him from doing so, for it willpollute the environment.26.The tourists are told that all Tibetans, male and female, carry (knife).27.How many (scarf) did you buy for your sisters?28.Take a look! A cat is chasing three (mouse) in the kitchen.29.Female (sheep) produce one or two lambs at a time.30.He is removing bits of food stuck between the (tooth) with a toothpick.31.Three fourths of the teachers in this school are (woman) teachers.32.Don't look at me like that! I'm telling you the (true).33.To get good grades in the exam, we should avoid (care).34.They have just had a about where to spend their holidays. (discuss)The athlete Su Bingtian came third with a run of 9.99 seconds in the men's 100-metre race. He has become the (proud) of us Chinese.“”“”At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, "people who learn to learn are very happy people.". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of continuous learning, "life is diligent, nothing can be gained", only continuous learning can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!。