2023年专八英语翻译考试题汉译英练习更多精彩内容请及时____应届毕业生考试网!part 1人的一生好比马拉松赛跑。
人人都有最后一圈,这一圈通常属于人生道路漫长的老人。
七老八十的人,穿过困难的世途,穿过芸芸众生,穿过重重障碍,于是到了人生的最后一圈。
这一圈路程有长有短,跑得有快有慢。
有的人稳健有力,沉着不迫;有的人歪歪扭扭,步子不正;有的人拖拖沓沓,蹒跚不前。
也有跑入歪道的人,或跑不快还要挡道的人,或不按竞赛规那么乱跑的人,都是注定要失败的。
谁能跑好这最后一圈,谁就是成功者。
背景介绍本篇选自著名散文家何为的随笔《最后一圈》。
作者把人生的晚年比作马拉松长跑的最后一圈,鼓励老年人保持晚节,跑好最后一圈,力求老有所为,发挥余热。
文章条理明晰,但翻译上的一些细节做来并非易事,如原文四字格的翻译,便是本篇的难点。
难点解析1. 好比:be likened to。
2. 人生道路漫长的老人:意译为“the aged who have already seen much of life”。
3. 七老八十的人:译为“septuagenarian and octogenarians”比“so meone whose age is in the seventies or eighties”更为简洁。
4. “穿过困难的`世途,穿过芸芸众生,穿过重重障碍”这三个排比是此篇的难点之一,不可直译,须意译,且注意动词“穿过”的三种不同表达。
5. 穿过困难的世途:即“经历迂回曲折或困难的人生之旅” ,故译为“experiencing the twists and turns of life’s j ourney” (twists and turns 是成语,意为“迂回曲折”、“困难” )。
6. 穿过芸芸众生:即“遇见各式各样的人”,故译为“meeting human beings of all descriptions ”。
7.穿过重障碍:即“经受一次又一次的险阻碍”,故译为“going through one obstacle after another”。
8. 第二段四字格翻译较多,是本篇翻译的另一个难点。
“稳健有力,沉着不迫”译为“run with firm and steady steps and self-possession (self-possession:the traitof resolutely controlling your own behaviour沉着,泰然自假设 )。
9. 歪歪扭扭,步子不正:译为“run very unsteadily and out of step”(out of step作“步调不一致”、“不合拍”解)。
10. 拖拖沓沓,蹒跚不前:译为“be sluggish and run with faltering steps”(sluggish :行动缓慢的、迟钝的;faltering :unsteady in speech or action 蹒跚的、支吾的 )。
11. 跑入歪道:意译为“resort to dishonest practices”(resort to:依靠,求助于;诉诸 )。
12. 谁能跑好这最后一圈:译为“Whoever acquits himself well on the last lap ”(acquit oneself well :表现良好 )。
参考译文Human life can be likened to the marathon race.All people, especially the aged who have already seen much of life, have the last lap. Septuagenarians and octogenarians are on the last lap of their lives after experiencing the twists and turns of life’s j ourney,meeting human beings of all descriptions and going through one obstacle after another.The last lap may be long or short; the runners may be fast or slow. Some may run with firm and steady steps and self-possession; some may run very unsteadily and out of step; some may be sluggish and run with faltering steps. What is worse, some may resort to dishonest practices; some, being slow themselves, may purposely stand in the way of others; some may run without adhering to the rules of the petition. Such people are doomed to failure.Whoever acquits himself well on the last lap is a winner.选自《英译中国现代散文选3 》part 2一个人生活在世上,就好似水泥搅拌器里的石子一样,运转起来之后,身不由己。
使我们感觉到,不是某一个人的问题,而是社会问题,而是文化问题。
耶稣临死的时候说:“宽容他们!他们做的他们不知道。
”年轻时候读这句话,觉得稀松平常,长大之后,也觉得这句话没有力量。
但是到了我如今这个年龄,才发现这句话多么深奥,多么痛心。
使我想到我们中国人,成了今天这个样子,我们的丑陋,来自于我们不知道我们丑陋。
我到爱荷华,我们夫妇的经费是由爱荷华大学出一半,再由私人捐助一半,捐助一半的是爱荷华燕京饭店老板,一位从没有回过中国的中国人裴竹章先生,我们从前没见过面,捐了一个这么大的数目,使我感动。
他和我谈话,他说:“我在没有看你的书之前,我觉得中国人了不起,看了你的书之后,才觉得不是那么一回事,所以说,我想请你当面指教。
”背景介绍《》是____作家柏杨先生的著名作品,其实是一部他在各地以《》为题演讲的合集。
作者指出中国传统文化有一种滤过性疾病,这种疾病使我们的子子孙孙受感染,到今天也不能痊愈。
这篇杂文虽不如鲁迅先生的杂文来得犀利,但是更为深入,翻译时要注意用词。
难点解析1. “一个人生活在世上 ......”:这里“一个人生活在世上” ,无需译成“when people live in this world”, 只需要翻译成“life is like...”,这样更显简练。
2. 运转起来之后:这里用“toss”更好,因为是在水泥搅拌器里,“toss”更能表达出搅拌的意味。
3. 身不由己:这里的意思是身处社会中,人失去对自己的控制,所以用“loses control of its own existence”更为贴切。
4. “使我们感觉到,不是某一个人的问题,而是社会问题,而是文化问题。
”:在这句话的翻译中,作者增译“I could cite similar analogies”以此作为强调。
“不是 ......而是......”可以使用“not ...but ...”句型,中文喜用散句,而英文喜用整句,故此句可合译为一句话:“The conclusion I always e to is that the problems of the Chinese people are not individual but rather social and cultural problems.”。
5. 耶稣临死的时候说:“宽容他们!他们做的他们不知道。
”:圣经中多用简单词汇;所以即使没有读过圣经,也可以译出。
全句译为:Before he died, Jesus said, “Forgive them, for they know not what they do”。
6. “年轻时候读这句话,觉得稀松平常......”:“稀松平常”假如翻译成“mon things”那么太显平淡,如用两个形容词“bland”和“frivolous”说明“稀松”和“平常”那么更夺人眼球。
7.“......这句话没有力量” :说明作者觉得上述所言缺乏本质,不能给人力量,故可译为“lackedsubstance”,如假设译成: “statement lacks power.”那么显得不地道。
8.“但是到了我如今这个年龄”:此句中“到了我如今这个年龄”如假设译成“when it es to my age”略显负担,只需译为“now”就可以了。
9. “......才发现这句话多么深奥,多么痛心”:“才发现...... ” 可用强调句式“Only...”的倒装句,“发现”一词可以用“appreciate” ,透露出作者随年龄增长能品味出“Jesus’ statement”的意义。
全句译为:“Only now do I appreciate its profundity and bitter irony.”这里用“bitter irony”来说明作者的痛苦,挖苦。
10. “使我想到我们中国人,成了今天这个样子,我们的丑陋,来自于我们不知道我们丑陋” :整句话缺少一个主语,但是从整个句子可以看出,主语为“Jesus’ statement” ,但因前文已用过“statement”一词,故此处可以用“word”代替。
“来自于”可以译成“grow out of”,“out of”有“出于......”的意思。
全句译为:“Jesus’ words taught me that the Chinese people’s ugliness grows out of our own ignorance of the fact that we are ugly.”。
参考译文Life is a little bit like a stone in a cement mixer; when it gets tossed around with the other ingredients, it loses control of its own existence. I could cite similar analogies, but the conclusion I always e to is that the problems of the Chinese people are not individual but rather social and cultural problems. Before he died, Jesus said, “Forgive them, for they know not what they do”. When I first heard that statement as a child, I thought it rather bland and frivolous, and as I grew older I continued to feel that it lacked substance. Only now do I appreciate its profundity and bitter irony. Jesus’ words taught me that the Chinese people’s ugliness grows out of our own ignorance of the fact that we are ugly. The expenses for our trip to the United States were borne by Iowa University and Pei Zhuzhang, the owner of the Yenching Restaurant in Iowa City. Pei is a Chinese-American who had never set foot on China, nor met me before.His generosity moved me deeply. He said, “Before reading your books, I felt that the Chinese peoplewere a great people. After reading them my thinking changed entirely. Your books inspired me and made me want to hear you speak in person.”。