可以带宾语或状语构成 V-ing 短
语，没有人称和数的变化，但有
时态和语态的变化。
语态 时态
主动形式
被动形式
(not) being done
一般式 (not) doing
完成式 (not)
(not) having having done been done
什么情况用V-ing 形式的被动式呢？ 当非限定性动词-ing的逻辑主语
understood it.
何时使用被动语态呢？
一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无 法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world． 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作 的执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen． 我的自行车被盗了。
用作宾语
1. He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher. 2. I remember having been told the story. 3. I didn’t like the idea of being thrown about in a boat on a rough sea.
6. _________ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film. A. Having been told B. Having told C. Been told D. Telling
7. He has always insisted on his ______Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner. A. been called B. called C. having called D. being called
以上三个句子都意为“这个问题值得讨论”。
课堂练兵 1. --- What made Bill so angry?
--- ______. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasn’t come yet. A. Having kept waiting B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting D. Being kept waited
D. be persuaded
5. _______ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises. A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching
8. Do you mind _______ alone at home? A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left
C. Jane’s being left
D. Jane to be left
9. ________ abroad for a tour is a great
2. Having been given such a good
chance, how would you not value
it at all?
Compare I
—Ving 一般时和一般时的被动形式; (1) He hurried home, looking behind from time to time. (2) The building being repaired is our dormitory.
是-ing所表示的动作对象时要用
-ing的被动形式，包括其一般形式 “(not) being + -ed分词和完成形式 “(not) having been +-ed分词” 。
动词-ing形式的被动语态 当动词-ing 形式的逻辑主语是 动作的承受者时，就要用动词-ing 形式的被动语态。 动词-ing形式的被动语态和它的 主动语态一样，在句中可以作主语、 宾语、定语、状语。
用作主语 1. Being killed by sharks in the sea is a common thing. 2. Being helped out by the killer whales, the whalers were able to make successful kill.
4. Being watched by his English teacher,
little Tom felt nervous, not knowing
what to say.
5. Did you see the boy being questioned
by the police?
6. Having been told many times, he finally
在 avoid, admit, appreciate, complete, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, put off, feel like, insist on 等后只接V-ing形式 作宾语。
动词-ing形式的被动式在各句中作什么成分?
1. So being killed by sharks was a common 主语 subject occurrence. 2. He didn’t mind being left at home.
宾语object
3. That building being repaired is our library. 定语attributive 4. Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe. 状语adverbial 5. Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away? 状语adverbial
Compare II —Ving 的完成时和完成时的被动形式 (1) Having heard this , our teacher expressed her satisfaction. (2) Having been asked to stay, I couldn’t leave.
在绝大数情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句 中的主语，但有时可有一个名词或代词表 示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的结构 称为独立结构。 The meeting being over, we all left the room and drove home. 会议结束后, 我们都离开房间开车走了。

The broken window wants repairing. = The broken window wants to be repaired. 那个破窗户需要修理。
另外注意be worth及be worthy 的用法： The problem is worth discussing. The problem is worthy of being discussed. The problem is worthy to be discussed.
C. to be built
D. being built
3. The squirrel was lucky that it
just missed ______.
A. catching
B. to be caught
C. being caught
D. to catch
4.Whileshopping,peoplesometimes can’t help ______ into buying something they don’t really need. A. to persuaded B. persuading C. being persuaded
三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、 “有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house. It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知„„ It is well known that...
honor for an ordinary person like me.
It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。
The heavy frost coming on, dead
leaves lay thick on the ground.
浓霜降临, 落叶满地。
注意
一些动词如need, want, require等作 “需要”讲时, 其后的动词-ing形式的主 动语态表示被动意义, 也可以用不定式的 被动形式来替换。如： The blackboard needs cleaning. = The blackboard needs to be cleaned. 黑板需要擦干净。
V-ing 形式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作
介词的宾语。 (catch).
being caught ★ The bird escaped ______________
★ He was afraid of _______________ being abandoned
(abandon) by us.
注意
据推测说„„ It is supposed that…
四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。
例如： Wei Hua was asked to come by Lin Tao． 魏华是被林涛叫来的。 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。 例如： He was born in October, 1989．