状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句 如何判断何种从句 从句的时态
从句的连接词与扩展 经典单选、从句与选词、长句子分析
从句类型 指引词
例句
状语从句
宾语(表语) 从句 定语从句
没有(所 1We will go hiking if tomorrow is fine. 以可前置）2When the UFO arrived, what was
• 例:As he wasn’t well, I went there along.因为他不舒服,我 自己去那儿了.
• 2、conj 同时强调 “一边…一边”, 可引导时间状语从句 (as/ when / while 的详细区别,见 when的讲解)
• 例:He song as he went alone.他边走边唱.
• 解析:如果我现在有时间,我一定去,(表明我 现在没有时间,和现在相反,现在时的虚拟语 气)
3、what
• 讲解:1)特殊疑问词----例:What is he? 他是干什么 的？
• 2)连接宾语从句---例: I believed what he told me 我相信他告诉我的事(引导宾语从句)。
去还是不去。 • 3)表示:不管，无论---引导状语从句(易忘记) • 例:Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it. 你必须
做这件事，不管你喜不喜欢 • 区别if --- whether • 一:表示是否连接宾语从句,if=whether • 二:表示是否连接不定式if不可以,whether可以 • 三:连接状语从句时,if表如果—whether表无论
• 3)后接不定式---例:I don’t know who to come first .我不知 道谁先来(不可替换,who做主语)
• 4)连接定语从句,指代人(可替代主语,宾语) • 例:I like the baby who sits before me.我喜欢这个坐在我
前面的孩子(注意单数,常考题) • 例:I like the baby who you like too.我喜欢你也喜欢的这个
每种句型分别对应独特的句式
过去类：….过去进行 when 一般过去 现在类：…现在进行… when 一般现在
过去类：过去将来 when 一般过去 现在类：一般将来when 一般现在
过去完成 when 一般过去
• You are copying when I teach • You were copying when I taught • I will leave as soon as he arrives • I would leave as soon as he arrived • The train had left before I arrived at the
I would leave if he came. I will leave if he comes.
过去配过去 现在配现在
The train had been away when I arrived.
前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主 从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型，
6.which(adj)哪一个，哪些 (pron) 谁，哪一个，哪些；
• 讲解:1)特殊疑问词----例: Which came first, the chicken or the egg?哪个先产生，鸡还是蛋？
• 2)连接宾语从句---例: I don’t know which came first 我不知 道哪个先来
就是那个叫玛丽的女孩。
• 1.Shaolin Temple lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.
• A. where B. which C. who D. what
• st summer I went to Lu Xun’s hometown and visited the house he was born.
定语从句的时态完全根据具体时间要求
1. I meet a friend who I made in Shanghai. 2. It is the right book that I have looked for.
主句现在类，从句无要求； 主句过去类；从句过去类
1. I knew what he was. 2. I know what he was. 3. I know what he is.
不可能发生 （虚拟语气）
I would study hard if I were you.
• even if =though=although=even though即 使,连接让步状语从句
• 例: He improves himself in English little even if he studies hard.即使他学习很努力, 英语仍少见提高
you doing?
动词或词 1Please tell me what you did last
组
night.
2I am interested in what she likes.
名词/代 1 the girl who he loved deeply
词
married last year.
定语从句 宾语从句
外语。
7.while(conj)当…的时候；然而，虽然 (n)时间， 短时间
• 1)当…的时候。Be ving …when …一般时---- 一般时 while be ving…
• 例:The phone rang while I was washing my hair. 电话响的时候 我正在洗头
• as if 虚拟语气连接词.好像,活似
• 例: The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man.这个老人跑得很快好像 是个年轻人一样(as if引导的特殊虚拟语气. 主句正常时态 as if+ 主+过去时/were)
• 题: You will do much better __ you are more careful with your spelling.
• 3)后接不定式---例:I don’t know what to do. 我不 知道该做什么。
• 4)引导感叹词, 句型: what +n +陈述句!--- how+形 容词+陈述句!
• 例:What a beautiful girl she is! 她真是个漂亮女孩！ --How beautiful she is!
• 3)后接不定式---例:I don’t know which to be chosen . 我不 知道该做选哪个。
• 4)连接定语从句,指代物(定语从句中用which 代替what) • 例:I like the book which you bought for me.我喜欢这本你
为我买的书
• 5)作形容词，哪一个，哪一些。 • 例:Which foreign language are you studying? 你在学哪种
new term. 事情发生在新学期的第一天
5.whether(conj)是否
• 讲解：whether是连词，有两个意思,分别引到不同的从句 • 1)表示是否引导宾语从句=if • 例:I don’t know whether he will come. 我不知道他是否会
来 • 2) 表示是否---引导动词不定式(此时if不能这样用) • 例: She hasn’t decided whether to go or not. 她还没决定
• 3、as soon as….一…就…,引导时间状语从句 例: He got
on the train as soon as he got to the station.他一到车站 就登上了火车.
• 4、as…as…和…一样 例:He is as tall as his father. 他和
他的爸爸一样高
孩子(替代宾语)
9 whose(pron,conj)谁的
• 讲解：:1)特殊疑问词----例: Whose pen is this? 这是谁的笔。
• 2)连接宾语从句---例: I wonder whose house it is. 我想知道这是谁的房子
• 3)连接定语从句,指代人、物。 • 例: This is the girl whose name is Mary. 这
station • After the train had left, I arrived
词 what when which who whom where whose why how that while
状语从句 宾语从句 定语从句 Do _to do..
1、as
• 1、因为,可引导原因状语从句 (because/ since/ for/ as都 可引导原因状语从句)
• A if B before C although D unless 题:–Come and join us, Jimmy!
• -- I am sorry, but I am really busy now. if I __ time, I would certainly go.
• A. will have B. have had C. had D. have
4.when(adv)何时，什么时候； 当……的时候 (conj)当……时
• 讲解:1)特殊疑问词---例: When did you come here? 你什么时候来的？
• 2)连接宾语从句---例: I don’t know when the plane takes off.我不知道飞机何时起飞