2010高考英语词汇练习及详解（3）101. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _____ in giving the class lectures.A. exchangeB. alterC. shiftD. alternate[答案]D. alternate.[注释]alternate vt./vi. 轮流，交替发生或出现：Wet days alternate with fine days.(晴雨天交替更迭。
)The weathertoday will alternate between fine and cloudy.(今天的天气将是晴间多云。
)shift般动，移动（vt.）；转移到，迁移（vi.）；改变：1)Lend me a hand to shift the piano, will you?(请帮个忙搬一下这台钢琴。
) 2)They have shifted away from this area.(他们已从这一地区迁走了。
) 3)The candidate isconstantly shifting his opinion about the problem.(这位竞选者在这个问题上不断改变他的观点。
)exchange交换；exchange... for ... 用.......换......；alter(部分)修改。
102. Pack the cake in a strong box, or it might get _____ in the post.A. splashedB. spiltC. crushedD. crashed[答案]C. crushed.[注释]crush压坏，压碎；弄皱；辗散；1)Don't crush this box; there are flowers inside.(不要把这个盒子压坏了，里面有鲜花。
) 2)Her dress was crushed.(她的衣服弄皱了。
) 3)The machine crushes wheat grain to make floor.(这台机器把麦粒辗成面粉。
)splash溅，泼；split(中间)裂开；crash(向下)猛跌；（飞机）失事。
103. The thief _____ the papers all over the room while he was searching.A. abandonedB. vanishedC. scatteredD. deserted[答案]C. scattered.[注释]scatter(=throw or put in various directions, or here and there)撒。
abandon放弃，抛弃。
desert遗弃（而离开）。
vanish消亡，灭亡。
本题句意是将小偷在搜寻钱时的情景，所以应选scattered(撒)。
104. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical _____.A. facilitiesB. appliancesC. instrumentsD. equipment[答案]B. appliances.[注释]electric appliances电器用具，facilities公用设备。
equipment设备,装备，是集合名词，指“设备”的总称，只有当数形式。
instrument仪器。
105. The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear.A. mirrorB. sightC. reflectionD. shadow[答案]C. reflection.[注释]reflection此处意为“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“影子”或“阴影”，故不能用shadow。
其他选择均不合题意。
106. One _____ needed when making a cake is flour; another is sugar.A. containerB. ingredientC. contentD. equivalent[答案]B. ingredient.[注释]ingredient(混合物的)成分。
container容器，含量；内容（复数）。
equivalent:相等物。
107. They have been waiting for many hours to see the singer, but the airplane must have been _____.A. behind the timesB. behind scheduleC. ahead of timeD. in no time[答案]B. behind schedule.[注释]behind schedule(=late, behind time)晚点：The train is running behind schedule today.(=The train is not ontime today.)behind the times(=using things not in style; still following old ways; old fashioned)过时，跟不上时代，落后：1)Thestore is behind the times.(=The store is old-fashioned; it looks as stores looked 40 years ago.) 2) Marythinks her parents are behind the times because they still do the fox-trot and don't know any new dances.(=Mary'sThey have fulfilled their production plans ahead提前：parents are old-fashioned in their dancings .) ahead of timeof time, in no time(=soon, quickly)立即，马上：I'll be back in no time to see you home.108. Neither of them thought highly of him and they both tried to _____ him in his work.A. hamperB. supportC. assistD. encourage[答案]A. hamper.[注释]hamper(=hinder, prevent free movement or activity)阻碍：Lack of equipment is hampering our work.本题译文：他们两人都认为他不怎么样并极力阻碍他工作。
Think highly of... 对...评价很高，认为......很好。
109. Her display of bad temper completely _____ the party.A. harmedB. damagedC. spoiltD. hurt[答案]C. spoilt.[注释]spoil指出意指“使...... 扫兴，搞糟”，如：Quarrelling spoilt the picnic.(争吵使这次野餐弄得很扫兴。
)hurt伤害，damage 损坏，harm危害，均不合题意。
110. We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son's illness had put him under great _____.A. emotionB. excitementC. crisisD. stress[答案]D. stress. [注释]put sb. under(great) stress使某人处境（非常）紧张，使某人受（很大）压力。
111. The reference she made to her friend, the poet, was interesting but too _____ for anyone to appreciate.A. drasticB. dullC. obscureD. distinct[答案]C. obscure.[注释]obscure(=not clearly seen or understood)模糊难懂得。
drastic激烈的，严厉的；dull单调的；distinct清楚的，明显的；截然不同的（from）。
本题译文：她提到她的朋友----诗人时所说的话是令人感兴趣，但没有说清楚，以致没有人为此感激。
112. He _____ his engagement just before the wedding.A. broke outB. broke away fromC. broke offD. broke up[答案]C. broke off.[注释]break off(=cease suddenly, discontinue)突然中断；break off one's engagement(解除婚约)。
Breakoff(=interrupt) one's conversation(打断谈话)。
Break out(=begin suddenly)爆发。
Break away from摆脱，从......退出。
113. When she heard from the hospital that her father had died, she _____ into tears.A. burstB. wentC. explodedD. fell[答案]A. burst[注释]burst into tears放声大哭；又如：burst into thunderous cheers(发出雷呜般的欢呼)；burst into laughing(捧腹大笑)。
114. Your help is _____ for the success of the project.A. indispensableB. indicativeC. inevitableD. inherent[答案]A. indispensable.[注释]indispensable(to, for)不可缺少的，必需的。