汤姆昨天没来学校的原因是他生病了。
Ⅰ.合并句子 把下面各题中的句子合并为一个含有定语从句的主从复合句
1．a. Seeing these changes, we cannot forget them.
b. They gave us unselfish help when we were in trouble. _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 答案：Seeing these changes, we cannot forget those who
4．你们已经取得了很大的进步，这使老师非常高兴。 _________________________________________________ 答案：You have made great progress, which makes your teacher very happy.
5．众所周知指人或物，作主语、宾语或表语。as引导定语从句时
常用在the same ...as, such ...as结构中。 I want to buy the same Tshirt as Tom is wearing. 我想买一件和汤姆穿的一样的T恤衫。
[点津] as和which还可以引导非限制性定语从句，来修饰 整个句子。 As we can see, great changes have taken place in our hometown. 正如我们所看到的，我们家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 Li Ming got up late this morning, which made it impossible for him to catch the early bus. 李明今天早上起晚了，这使他不可能赶上早班车了。
[点津] that和which在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
To make our society more harmonious, we'd better take care of the environment (that/which) we live in. 为了使我们的社会更加和谐，我们最好爱护我们所居住的 环境。
五、where引导定语从句 where指地点，作状语。 As a child, he used to work hard and help his father on the small farm where they lived. 当他还是一个小孩的时候，他经常艰苦地劳动，并帮助
他的父亲在他们所生活的小农场上干活。
________________________________________________ 答案：As is known to us all, smoking is harmful to our health.
6．北京是中国的首都，它是一座美丽的城市。
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Ⅱ.翻译句子 用定语从句翻译下列句子 1．不努力学习的学生不会通过考试。 ________________________________________________ 答案：The students who don't study hard will not pass
the exam.
2．她上周买的房子非常好看。
5．a. I‘ve always longed for the days. b. I will be able to be independent then.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________ 答案：I've always longed for the days when I will be able to be independent.
4．a. The library is not far from here. b. The writer often does some reading there. _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 答案：The library where the writer often does some reading is not far from here.
many novels in his whole life.
8．杰克来自加拿大，他在我们学校已经学习了三年。他
不仅经常帮助我们学英语，而且中文也讲的很不错。 _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 答案：Jack comes from Canada. He is a student of our school where he has studied for three years. Not only
________________________________________________
答案：The house, which she bought last week, is very nice.
3．这就是他爸爸工作的地方。 _________________________________________________ 答案：This is the place where his father works.
二、who, whom, whose引导定语从句
当先行词为人时常用who, whom引导，也可用that。如果
从句中缺少的是主语那么就用who引导；如果缺少的是宾 语可用whom，也可以用who引导，关系代词也可以省略。 whose在从句中作定语，既可以指人，也可以指物。
Those who would like to take part may sign up in the Students' Union Office before October 20th. (作主语) 凡想参加的(同学)可以在十月二十日前到学生会办公室 报名。 Is that the man whom you referred to? (作宾语) 那就是你所指的人吗？
六、why引导定语从句
why指原因，作状语。
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
The reason why Tom didn't come to school yesterday was
that he was ill.
does he often help us learn English but he speaks
Chinese fluently as well.
根据所掌握的定语从句的知识，熟练地使用定语从句 也是英语写作的一项基本要求。定语从句属于较为复杂的
语法结构，根据内容要点在短文中适当地运用定语从句有
助于提高写作的得分。
一、that, which引导定语从句 当先行词为物时常用that或which来引导定语从句，很 多情况下两者可以互换。 Our class is a big family that/which consists of 12 girls and 50 boys. 我们班是一个拥有12个女生和50个男生的大家庭。
gave us unselfish help when we were in trouble.
2．a. I feel greatly honored to host the contest. b. The contest is sponsored by the Students' Union.
________________________________________________
________________________________________________ 答案：I feel greatly honored to host the contest, which is sponsored by the Students' Union.
3．a. They sent the elderly some fruits, cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them. b. The elderly always feel lonely. _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ 答案：They sent the elderly who always feel lonely some fruits, cleaned the rooms and had a good chat with them.
答案：Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city.
7．鲁迅的原名(real name)是周树人。他一生中写了很
多小说。
__________________________________________________
答案：Lu Xun, whose real name is Zhou Shuren, wrote