1超声波检测工艺1Ultrasonic Testing Technics2.1 本方法采用A型脉冲反射式数字超声探伤仪对承压部位的所有对接焊接接头进行超声波检测。
2.1 Butt weld joint for compression position shall be ultrasonic tested by A-mode digital ultrasonic flaw detector using pulse echo technique during this technique2.2对具体的产品需要制定详细的检测方案，按程序要求进行审批和实施。
2.2 Inspection scheme in detail shall be drawn up for specific product, approved and executed according to the requirements of procedure.2.3 检测工艺卡由超声波检测Ⅱ级人员按合同要求编制。
2.3 Inspection technics card shall be drawn up by ultrasonic testing II class personnel according to contract requirements.2.4 检测人员2.4 Inspector2.4.1 检测人员必须经过培训，取得国家有关部门颁布的，符合SNT-TC-1A标准要求，并与其工作相适应的资格证书。
2.4.1 Inspectors must be trained, acquiring qualification certificate which is corresponding to their operations and conforms to requirements of SNT-TC-1A standard issued by related departments.2.4.2 检测人员每年检查一次身体，其矫正视力不低于1.0。
2.4.2 Health of inspectors shall be checked whose corrected visual acuity should be not less than1.0.2.5 仪器、探头和试块2.5 Instrument, probe and test block2.5.1使用仪器为PFUT2400型或其他型号的数字超声波探伤仪。
2.5.1 Instrument shall be used Digital ultrasonic flaw detector as PFUT2400 or other type.2.5.2仪器和探头的组合灵敏度：在达到所检工件最大声程时，其有效灵敏度余量应≥10dB。
2.5.2 Combination sensitivity of instrument and probe: when it comes up to maximum Beam path of inspected work piece whose effective sensitivity shall be ≥10dB.2.5.3仪器和探头的组合频率与公称频率误差不得大于±10%。
2.5.3 Error of combination frequency and nominal frequency between instrument and probe shall be not more than ±10%.2.5.4超声波探伤仪的工作频率范围为0.5～10MH Z，仪器至少在荧光屏满刻度的80%范围内呈线性显示。
水平线性误差不大于1%，垂直线性误差不大于5%。
2.5.4 Operation Frequency Range of ultrasonic fault detector shall be 0.5～10MHZ, instrument shall be linear indication at least including 80% of full-scale fluorescent screen. Error of horizontal linearity is not more than 1%, and vertical linearity is not more than 5%。
2.5.5壁厚为6mm的对接焊缝选用频率为5 MH Z，折射角为70°和折射角为60°的2个聚焦斜探头分别进行检测。
2.5.5 Butt weld with 6mm wall thickness selects 5 MHZ frequency, shall be inspected by two focusing angle probe with 70°and 60°refracted angle.2.5.6壁厚为16mm的对接焊缝选用频率为2.5 MH Z，折射角为60°和折射角为45°的2个单晶斜探头分别进行检测。
2.5.6 Butt weld with 16mm wall thickness selects 2.5 MHZ frequency, shall be inspected by two monocrystal angle probe with 70°and 60°probe refracted angle.2.5.7对比试块应采用与被检工件相同声学性能的材料制成。
2.5.7 Material of contrast test block shall be identical to acoustical property of inspected work piece.2.5.8对比试块的其它制造要求应符合ASME第8部分第1条附件U的要求。
也可采用合同规定的其他型号对比试块。
2.5.8 Other manufacture requirements of contrast test block shall be according with requirements in Clause 1 Section 8 of Annex U. Other type contracted contrast test block shall be used.2.6检测的一般方法2.6 General technique of inspection2.6.1检测复盖率:检测时探头的每次扫查复盖应大于探头直径的15%。
2.6.1 Inspection coverage rate: scanning coverage of probe when inspect shall be more than 15%of probe diameter each time.2.6.2 探头的移动速度:探头的扫查速度不得超过150 mm/S。
2.6.2 Travelling speed of probe: scanning speed of probe shall be not more than 150 mm/s.2.6.3采用机油、浆糊、甘油和水等透声性好，且不损伤检测表面的耦合剂。
2.6.3Engine oil, paste, glycerol and water etc. shall be well permeability to ultrasound and couplant shall not damage inspected surface.2.6.4检测面的确定,应保证工件被检部分均能得到充分检查。
2.6.4 Inspected work piece shall be inspected in sufficient during determine of inspection surface.2.6.5检测面应经外观检查合格，所有影响超声检测的锈蚀、飞溅、污物都应予以清除，其表面粗糙度应符合检测要求。
2.6.5 Inspection surface shall be qualified by appearance inspection, rust corrosion and dirt should be cleared away to make surface roughness corresponding to requirements of inspection.2.7 校准2.7 Calibration2.7.1校准应在标准试块上进行，校准中应使超声主声束垂直对准反射体的反射面，以获得稳定的和最大的反射信号。
2.7.1 Standard test block shall be calibrated, reflecting surface of reflector which ultrasonic main beam vertically aims at, to obtain stable and maximum reflected signals.2.7.2每隔三个月至少应对仪器的水平和垂直线进行一次测定。
2.7.2 Instrumental horizontal and vertical line shall be determined one time at least every three months.2.7.3仪器和探头系统的复核2.7.3 Recheck instrument and probe遇到下述情况应对系统进行复核：In case of following conditions, system shall be rechecked:(1)校准后的探头、耦合剂和仪器调节旋钮发生改变时；When adjusting knob of probe, couplant and instrument shall be changed after calibration;(2)检测者怀疑扫描量程和扫查灵敏度有变化时；When inspector doubts that scanning range and scanning sensitivity has changed;(3)连续工作4小时以上时；When continuous working hours are more than 4 hours;(4)工作结束时。
End of job.2.8 超声波检测要求2.8 Ultrasonic testing requirements2.8.1一般用两种K值探头采用直射波法和一次反射波法在焊接接头的单面双侧进行检测。