华东交通大学2011—2012学年第一学期考试卷试卷编号： （ B ）卷管理学基础（双语）课程 课程类别：必、限、任闭卷（ ）、考生注意事项：1.本试卷共 6 页，总分100分，考试时间120分钟。

2.考试结束后，考生不得将试卷、答题纸和草稿纸带出考场。

I. Choose the only one correct answer for each question (2 point per question, total 30 points)1. Which one of the following best demonstrates the concept ofefficient management? ______A . Maintaining output with fewer resourcesB . Increasing output and inputC . Getting activities completedD . Maximizing output2. Power based upon identification with a person who has desirable resources orpersonal traits is known as: ______ A . coercive power B. legitimate power C . expert powerD . referent power.3. When an individual is characterized by a need to constantly do better, to accomplishdifficult goals , and to succeed , he or she has ______ A . an external locus of control B . a high nAchC . an unfulfilled need for hygiene factorsD . a high nAff4. Which of the following is NOT a strength of the matrix structure? ______. A . The efficiency from specialization attributable to the functional structure B . The accountability of the divisional structureC. Minimizes ambiguity in reporting relationshipD. Elimination of the duplication of resources and facilities5. If the environment in which the organization functions is relatively stable, whichstructure will be most effective?__________A. strategic organizationB. mechanistic organizationC. organic organizationD. adhocracy6. An organization must contain all except which of the following characteristics______A. purposeB. peopleC. structureD. product7. According to the leadership grid, which leadership style occurs when efficiency inoperations is the dominant orientation?____________A. team managementB. country club managementC. impoverished managementD. task management8. Which of the following statements is INCONSISTENT with the relationship betweenstrategy and structure?__________A. change in structure will result in a change in strategy.B. change in strategy is followed by a change in structure.C. Strategy is a major influence on structure.D. None of the above is inconsistent with the relationship between strategy and structure.9. A large discount store, like Wal-Mart, whose primary goal is to have the lowest pricesin the industry, is using which of the following strategies to maintain a competitive advantage?__________A. cost-leadership strategyB. differentiation strategyC. focus strategyD. retrenchment strategy10. The degree to which an individual believes that working at a particular level willgenerate a desired outcome is defined by the expectancy theory as______A. value or valenceB. attractivenessC. performance-reward linkageD. effort-performance linkage11. If a leader describes his or her least-preferred coworker in relatively unfavorable terms,according to Fielder, ______A. The leader would be classified as relationship-orientedB. The leader would be classified as task-orientedC. The leader would be classified as authoritarianD. None of the above12. In the job characteristics model (JCM), the links between the job dimensions and theoutcomes are moderated or adjusted by the strength of the _____ need.A. securityB. powerC. growthD. affiliation13. According to Maslow, when does a need stop motivating? ______A. When the situation changesB. When it is substantially satisfiedC. When the person returns to a lower-level needD.Never14. Information about opportunities and threats comes from______A. An analysis of the organization’s internal resourcesB. A department by department study of the organizationC. Scanning the external environmentsD. None of the above15. Bounded rationality differs from the rational model in that decision makers:A. act irrationallyB. focus on easy-to-find choicesC. seek advice from employeesD. act outside the boundaries set by their organizations.1._________2.________3.________ 4________ 5.________6._________7.________8.________9.________ 10.________1. The four contemporary functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.2.The primary issue that aroused Taylor to create a more scientific approach to management was worker effectiveness3.The 14 principles of management are associated with Fayol.4.In the omnipotent view of management, much of an organizat ion’s success or failure is due to forces outside management’s control.5.Goals are the foundation of organizational planning.6.The most outspoken advocate of the classical view of organizational socialresponsibility is Milton Friedman.7.The BCG matrix evaluates SBUs to identify which SBUs offer high potential and which drain organizational resources.8.People will do better when they get feedback on how well they’re progressing toward their goals.9.Job enlargement increases job depth.10.Managers and leaders are the same.III.名词解释(每题4分，共16分)2. Overall Cost-leadership Strategy3. Related Diversification4. escalation of commitmentIV、简答题(每题8分，共24分)1. 什么是非正式组织，了解非正式组织有何意义？2.矩阵式组织结构有哪些优点和缺点？3. 简述战略管理基本流程的内容。