Module 4 Great inventions一、本单元内容、目标与要求二、课文讲解Unit 1 Paper and printing have been used for ages.1．Can I borrow your digital camera? 我可以借你的数码相机吗？borrow和lend的用法lend: 借出，给与的意思I lent my book to my classmate.（我把书借给我的同学了）和borrow的区别在于，Lend 是往外借，而borrow 是往里借。
borrow 有“向他人借”东西的意思。
We can borrow books from library.（我们可以向图书馆借书）意思是从图书馆借出来，与lend 的借出正相反。
rent 出租，租出She rents her house to us at a low price.（她以低价将房子租给我们）注意：rent在表示租用的意思的时候，一定是有价格的，如果是免费的则不可以用rent 一词。
比如：我免费用他的房子。
可以说，I occupy hi s house with free of charge.是不可以说成：He rents me the house with free of charge.use 使用的意思，普通用语May I use your pen?（我可以用你的笔吗?）2．Can books be replaled by computers? 书会被电脑所代替吗？replace的用法取代；以...代替[(+with/by)]The brakes have to be replaced. 刹车需要更换。
Electric lights have replaced candles. 电灯已经取代了蜡烛。
3．The battery hasn't been charged for a couple of months. 电池已经几个月没充电了。
a couple of 几个a couple of+n(c).作主语时谓语动词通常用单数它有两个含义1）两个e.g. There i s a couple of boys waiting for you.2）一些，几个e.g. I don't know why I feel so tired, I only had a couple of drinks.4．What's wrong with an ordinary? 普通杂志怎么了？What's wrong with…?=What's the matter with…?=What's up?=What's the problem?5．It doesn't matter. I'll see to that. 没关系，我会处理的。
It doesn't matter 通常用于回复别人的歉意—I'm sorry. I broke you pen just now. 对不起，刚才我摔坏了你的钢笔。
—It doesn't matter. 没关系。
Unit 2 Books could be produced more quickly and cheapl y.1．Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home.每天晚上，妈妈在家翻阅杂志。
look through 浏览A、I gave her article a quick look-through.她的文章我匆匆读过一遍。
B、Be it helpful to look through the newspaper?浏览报纸有帮助吗？C、look through a book or other written material.审核书或者其他的写作材料。
2．…and has been made from silk, cotton………使用的原材料有丝、棉花……be made of/ be made from/ be made in/ be made into（1）be made of表示“由…制成”, 一般指能够看出原材料，或发生的是物理变化。
A、Thi s table cl oth is made of paper. 这张桌布是由纸做的。
B、This salad i s made of apples and strawberries. 这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做的。
（2）be made from也表示“由…制成”，但一般指看不出原材料，或发生的是化学变化。
A、Bread i s made from corn. 面包是小麦做的。
B、The lifeboat is made from some special material. 这个救生艇是由某种特殊材料制成的。
（3）be made in指的是产地，意思为“于…制造”。
A、The caps are made in Russia. 这些帽子产于俄罗斯。
B、My mother likes to buy things which are made in China. 我妈妈喜欢买中国产的东西。
（4）be made into的意思为“被制成为…”。
A、Thi s piece of wood will be made into a small bench. 这块木头将要被制成一个小凳。
B、The paper has been made into clothes for the doll. 纸被做成了洋娃娃的衣服。
3．When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply. 印刷术在11世纪初有了很大发展，书的印刷也快了许多，便宜了许多。
devel op的用法devel op 作形容词时，devel oping表发展中，而developed表发达比如China is a developing country, but the US is a developed country .at the beginning of 在……开始At the beginning of thi s term, I want to learn English. 在开学初，我想学英语。
4．Can I ask a favour？这是请求帮助的一种表达方式，类似的说法还有：A、Coul d you do me a favour?B、May I ask a favour of you?C、Could you help me, please? 等。
5．Paper and printing have been used for ages.be/get used for意思是“被应用”，use在这里是被动语态。
常见的带use的短语有：be/get used to意思是“习惯于”。
如：Slowly their eyes got used to the darkness.used to（构成谓语）过去常常。
如：There used to be a baker's shop in the village.6．Can books be replaced by computers?be replaced by意思是“被……所取代”。
如：The broken chair was replaced by a new one.7．The battery hasn't been charged for a couple of months.charge在这里的意思是“给某物充电”。
如：Is your car battery charged easily?8．I'll see to that.see to sth. 意思是“照看或处理某事物”。
如：This machine isn't working. Get a mechanic to see to it.9．Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home.look through在这里译为“仔细看一看”，带有look的常见短语还有：look after（照看，照管），look at（看，瞧），look for（寻找），look forward to（盼望），look into（研究，调查），look over（检阅，检查），look up（查询，查找）等。
Unit 3 Language on use1．现在完成时情态动词的被动语态（定义见课本）练习1．Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.Paper has been made (make) from many things.1．I think one day books may_____ (replace) by computers.2．My bike _____ (leave) at school, so I have to take the bus to school today.3．The battery ______ (charge) yet. How can I use my recorder?4．Paper should not ______ (throw) away.5．Books and CDs can ______ (borrow) from the library.6．I've bought an MP3 player — and about 1,000 songs have _____ (download) into it! 7．Has the pen _____ (mend) yet? I need to write my article with it.8．What have _____ (turn on)? The radio?Answers1．Be replaced2．Was left3．hasn't been charged4．be thrown5．be borrowed6．been downloaded7．been mended8．been turned onMake questions and write answers.what/ shouldn't/ do/ with batteries? (throw away)—What shouldn't be done with batteries?—They shouldn't be thrown away.1．what/ can/ use/ to make paper? (many things)2．what/ might/ use/ to replace books one day? (computers)3．where/ can/ music/ keep? (on MP3 players)Answers1．What can be used to make paper?Many things can be used (to make paper).2．What might be used to replace books one day?Computers might be used (to replace books one day).3．Where can music be kept?It can be kept on MP3 players.三、课文译文Unit 1 Paper and printing have been used for ages.托尼：爸爸，您能帮个忙吗？我可以借用一下您的数码相机吗？托尼的爸爸：做什么？托尼：我想在下周全校学生参观博物馆的时候拍些照片。