B1 U1Not all the neighborhoods are empty, nor is every workplace a friendly playground. Most of us have had mixed experiences in these environments. Yet as one woman told me recently, she knows more about the people she passes on the way to her desk than on her way around the block.不是所有的住宅区都是空的，也不是所有的工作单位都是友好的。
多数人在这里都曾有过复杂的经历。
然而，最近一位女性朋友告诉我她对工作单位里的人的了解程度要胜于对同一街区人的了解程度Our new sense of community hasn’t just moved from house to office building. The labels that we wear connect us with members from distant companies, cities, and states. We assume that we have something “in common” with other teachers, nurses, city planners. (Para.11)我们不仅把社区的概念从住宅区迁移到办公楼，上班时身上所佩戴的标志也把我们和异国他乡的人们和公司员工联系在一起。
我们假设自己和其他的教师、护士、城市规划者有着某些共同点。
（Para. 11）It’s not unlike the experience of our immigrant grandparents. Many who came to this country still identified themselves as members of the Italian community, the Irish community, the Polish community. They sought out and assumed connections with people from the old country.这有点像最初移民来到美国我们的祖辈们的经历，许多人来到这里以后把自己原来的国籍还当成一个社区，所以有意大利人社区、爱尔兰人社区、波兰人社区等。
他们不断寻找并设想自己与来自同一个国家的人们有着亲密的联系Many of us have updated that experience. We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with the workplace. This whole realignment of community is surely most obvious among the mobile professions.我们把这种体验提升了一步。
像工作单位取代居住地一样，我们的职业身份取代了种族身份。
这种社区的完全重组在流动作业的行业中表现得最为明显。
People who move from city to city seem to put roots down into their professions. In an age of specialists, they may have to search harder to find people who speak the same language. (Para. 12)那些在不同城市变换工作的人似乎把自己的身份植根于他们的行业中。
在这个充满专业人士的时代，他们不得不费尽周折去寻找有共同语言的人。
（Para. 12）B1 U2Onward and upward was the course she set. Small progress was no excuse for feeling satisfied with yourself. People w ho stopped to pat themselves on the back didn’t last long. Even if you got to the top, you’d better not take it easy. “The bigger they come, the harder they fall” was one of her favorite maxims. (Para.21)进取、进取、再进取，这是母亲给我设定的方向。
小小的进步是不足以自我满足的。
那些因成功而沾沾自喜停下来欣赏自己的人是不会持久的。
即使你已经到达顶峰，你也最好不要放松。
“爬得越高，摔得越痛”是母亲的至理名言。
(Para.21)It wasn’t the gin that was shouting. It was my mother. The gin only gave me the courage to announce to them that yes, by God, I had always believed in success, had always believed that without hard work and self-discipline you could never amount to anything, and didn’t deserve to. (Para.32)其实不是杜松子酒在吼，是我的母亲在吼。
酒只是借给了我勇气向他们宣布那个想法。
是的，上帝可以作证，我一直相信成功，一直相信如果没有辛勤的劳动和严格的自律，一个人不可能有任何成就，也不配有成就。
(Para.32)B1 U3Defining who is great depends on how one measures success.对伟人的定义取决于人们如何衡量成功。
“There’s a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal” he explained. “But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes.”“人们往往认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释道。
“但研究表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。
”Greatness is built on tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.伟人的伟大建立在大量的学习、实践及其献身精神的基础之上。
Thrust into office when his country’s morale was at the lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people.丘吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色地领导了英国人民。
In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said, “We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end ... We shall never surrender.”在1940 年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次讲演中，他的话激励了全国人民，“我们一定不会衰退、失败。
我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。
”B1 U4My dictionary defines happy as “lucky” or “fortunate,” but I think a better definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment.” The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. (1) It’s easy to ove rlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.我们可以从爱和被爱中感到快乐，从朋友的相伴中感到愉快，为能随意到处居留而感到喜悦，甚至会为了身体健康而高兴，可是这些快乐很容易被忽视。
(2) We, on the other hand, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we “gotta have.”We’re soself-conscious about our “right” to it that it’s making us miserable.另一方面，由于我们有许多选择并想在各个领域获得成功的压力，我们把幸福变成了我们“必须得到”的另外一种东西。
(3) So we chase it and equate it with wealth and success, without noticing that people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier.所以我们追求幸福，将幸福与财富和成功等同起来，没有注意到拥有这一切的人不一定更幸福。
While happiness may be more complex for us, the solution is the same as ever. (4) Happiness isn’t about what happens to us —it’s about how we perceive what happens to us. It’s the knack of finding a positive for every negative, and viewing a setback as a challenge.幸福不在于我们周围所发生的一切，而在于我们如何去看待我们周围所发生着的一切事情。