附件：《英语国家概况自学考试大纲》的考核目标Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandChapter 1 Land and PeopleI. Different Names for Britain and its PartsChapter 2 The Origins of a NationI．Early Settlers3．The CeltsII．Roman BritainIII．The Anglo-SaxonsⅣ．The Viking and Danish InvasionsV．The Norman ConquestChapter 3 The Shaping of the NationⅠ．Norman Rule1. William’s RuleⅡ．The Great Charter and the Beginning of Parliament1. The Great CharterⅢ．The Hundred Years’ War with FranceⅣ．The Black Death and the Peasant UprisingChapter 4 Transition to the Modern AgeⅠ．Transition to the Modern AgeⅡ．The English ReformationⅢ．Elizabeth I1. Elizabeth and Parliament2. Elizabeth’s Religious Reform3. Elizabeth’s Foreign PolicyⅣ．The English RenaissanceVII. The Civil WarsVIII. The CommonwealthIX. The Restoration and the Glorious Revolution of 1688Chapter 5 The Rise and Fall of the British EmpireⅠ．Whigs and ToriesⅡ．Agricultural Changes in the Late 18th CenturyⅢ．The Industrial RevolutionⅣ．The Chartist Movement VII．Twentieth Century1. Britain and the First World War3. Britain and the Second World War4. Postwar BritainChapter 7 Government and Administration Ⅰ．The MonarchyⅡ．Parliament1. The House of Lords2. The House of CommonsⅢ．The Cabinet and MinistryⅣ．The Privy CouncilChapter 8 Justice and the LawIV．The JudiciaryV．PoliceChapter 9 Social AffairsⅠ．Health and Social Services1．The National Health Service Ⅲ．Religion1．Established churches Ⅳ．Festivals and Public Holidays1．Christian festivals2．Other festivals3．Public holidaysChapter 10 Cultural Affairs Ⅰ．Education3．Higher educationⅡ．The Media1．NewspapersⅢ．SportsⅣ．The Arts3．DramaPart Two The Republic of IrelandChapter 11 Geography and HistoryI. Geographical FeaturesII. Climate and WeatherIII. Population and ReligionIV. Historical backgroundPart Three The United States of AmericaChapter 14 Population, Race and Ethnic GroupsI. IntroductionIV.Racial and Ethnic Minorities1．BlacksChapter 15 American History (I)Ⅰ．Discovery of the New WorldⅡ．The Colonial PeriodⅢ．The War of IndependenceⅣ．A New Form of GovernmentⅥ．Territorial Expansion and Westward MovementⅦ．The Civil WarⅧ．Rapid Growth of Capitalism after the Civil WarChapter 16 American History (II)Ⅰ．Economic DevelopmentⅡ．ProgressivismⅢ．World War I and the United StatesⅣ．The United States in the 1920sⅤ．The Great Depression and the New DealⅥ．World War II and the United StatesChapter 17 American History (III)Ⅰ．The Origins of the Cold WarⅡ．The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan V．McCarthyismVII．American Society During the Postwar Boom: 1945-1960sVIII．The Cuban Missile CrisisIX．The Vietnam WarX．United States’ Relations with China XII．Watergate ScandalChapter 18 The Economy(Two paragraphs)Ⅰ．The Economic System of the United States V．Foreign TradeVI．Problems in the U.S. EconomyChapter 19 Political InstitutionsⅠ．The U.S. Constitution1．The Federal system2．Separation of powers: checks and balances3．Provisions for amendmentⅡ．The Executive Branch1．The Presidency2．Presidential PowersⅢ．The Legislative Branch2. Powers of the House and Senate3. Officers of the Congress4. Functions of the CongressⅤ．Political Parties (two-party system)Chapter 20 EducationⅠ．Characteristics of American Education Ⅱ．Elementary and Secondary Education Ⅲ．Higher EducationⅤ．Education ReformsChapter 21 Literature, Architecture and Music Ⅰ．American Literature1．Washington Irving2．Emerson and Hawthorne3．Mark Twain4．Whitman and Dickinson5．Theodore Dreiser6．T. S. Eliot7．Ernest Hemingway8．Hughes and WrightChapter 22 Holidays and FestivalsⅠ．New Year’s DayIV．Valentine’s DayVI．Easter DayVIII．Independence DayIX．HalloweenXI．Thanksgiving DayⅩII．Christmas DayPart Four CanadaChapter 23 Geography and History Ⅰ．Geographic Features4. Geographic regionsⅡ．The making of Canada1．The European discovery3．Self-government and Confederation4．The Canadian nationChapter 26 Society and CultureI．Canadian Society1．Population2．Immigration3．Bilingualism4．MulticulturalismPart Five AustraliaChapter 27 Land and peopleⅠ．The Geographical Structure1．The Great Western Plateau2．The Eastern Highlands3．The Central Eastern LowlandsⅡ．Climate3. Causes and effects of the hot and dry climate Ⅳ．People1．Population2．Population density and distribution Ⅴ．Australia’s Built Envir onment1．Sprawling cities2．Rural areasⅥ．Political Divisions1．New South Wales2．Victoria3．Queensland4．South Australia5．West Australia6．TasmaniaChapter 32 Society and CultureIV．Australian Culture1．Aboriginal culture2．Modern Australian culturePart Six New ZealandChapter 33 The Making of New Zealand Ⅰ．GeographyⅡ．ClimateⅢ．Plants and AnimalsⅣ．Historical Background2．The Treaty of Waitangi 1840VI. Maoritanga5. Race relations。