钢结构术语和符号（中英文对照）一、术语1、强度：构件截面材料或连接抵抗破坏的能力。
强度计算是防止结构构件或连接因材料强度被超过而破坏的计算。
2、承载能力：结构或构件不会因强度、稳定或疲劳等因素破坏所能承受的最大内力；或塑性分析形成破坏机构时的最大内力；或达到不适应于继续承载的变形时的内力。
3、脆断：一般指钢结构在拉应力状态下没有出现警示性的塑性变形而突然发生的脆性断裂。
4、强度标准值：国家标准规定的钢材屈服点(屈服强度)或抗拉强度。
5、强度设计值：钢材或连接的强度标准值除以相应抗力分项系数后的数值。
6、一阶弹性分析：不考虑结构二阶变形对内力产生的影响，根据未变形的结构建立平衡条件，按弹性阶段分析结构内力及位移。
7、二阶弹性分析：考虑结构二阶变形对内力产生的影响，根据位移后的结构建立平衡条件，按弹性阶段分析结构内力及位移。
8、屈曲：杆件或板件在轴心压力、弯矩、剪力单独或共同作用下突然发生与原受力状态不符的较大变形而失去稳定。
9、腹板屈曲后强度：腹板屈曲后尚能继续保持承受荷载的能力。
10、通用高厚比：参数，其值等于钢材受弯、受剪或受压屈服强度除以相应的腹板抗弯、抗剪或局部承压弹性屈曲应力之商的平方根。
11、整体稳定：在外荷载作用下，对整个结构或构件能否发生屈曲或失稳的评估。
12、有效宽度：在进行截面强度和稳定性计算时宽度。
假定板件有效的那13、有效宽度系数：板件有效宽度与板件实际宽度的比值。
14、计算长度：构件在其有效约束点间的几何长度乘以考虑杆端变形情况和所受荷载情况的系数而得的等效长度，用以计算构件的长细比。
计算焊缝连接强度时采用的焊缝长度。
15、长细比：构件计算长度与构件截面回转半径的比值。
16、换算长细比：在轴心受压构件的整体稳定计算中，按临界力相等的原则，将格构式构件换算为实腹构件进行计算时所对应的长细比或将弯扭与扭转失稳换算为弯曲失稳时采用的长细比。
17、支撑力：为减小受压构件(或构件的受压翼缘)的自由长度所设置的侧向支承处，在被支撑构件（或构件受压翼缘)的屈曲方向，所需施加于该构件(或构件受压冀缘)截面剪心的侧向力。
18、无支撑纯框架：依靠构件及节点连接的抗弯能力，抵抗侧向荷载的框架。
19、强支撑框架：在支撑框架中，支撑结构(支撑桁架、剪力墙、电梯井等)抗侧移刚度较大，可将该框架视为无侧移的框架。
20、弱支撑框架：在支撑框架中，支撑结构抗侧移刚度较弱，不能将该框架视为无侧移的框架。
21、摇摆柱：框架内两端为铰接不能抵抗侧向荷载的柱。
22、柱腹板节点域：框架梁柱的刚接节点处，柱腹板在梁高度范围内的区域。
23、球形钢支座：使结构在支座处可以沿任意方向转动的钢球面作为传力的铰接支座或可移动支座。
24、橡胶支座：满足支座位移要求的橡胶和薄钢板等复合材料制品作为传递支座反力的支座。
25、主管：钢管结构构件中，在节点处连续贯通的管件，如桁架中的弦杆。
26、支管：钢管结构中，在节点处断开并与主管相连的管件，如桁架中与主管相连的腹杆。
27、间隙节点：两支管的趾部离开一定距离的管节点。
28、搭接节点：在钢管节点处，两支管相互搭接的节点。
29、平面管节点：支管与主管在同一平面内相互连接的节点。
30、空间管节点：在不同平面内的支管与主管相接而形成的管节点。
31、组合构件：由一块以上的钢板(或型钢)相互连接组成的构件，如工字形截面或箱形截面组合梁或柱。
32钢与混凝土组合梁：由混凝土翼板与钢梁通过抗剪连接件组合而成能整体受力的梁。
二、符号1、作用和作用效应设计值F——集中荷载；H——水平力；M——弯矩；N——轴心力；P——高强度螺栓的预拉力；Q——重力荷载；R——支座反力；V——剪力。
2、计算指标E——钢材的弹性模量；Ec——混凝土的弹性模量；G——钢材的剪变模量；Nat——个锚栓的抗拉承载力设计值；Nbt、Nbv、Nbc——一个螺栓的抗拉、抗剪和承压承载力设计值；Nrt、Nrv、Nrc——一个铆钉的抗拉、抗剪和承压承载力设计值；Ncv——组合结构中一个抗剪连接件的抗剪承载力设计值；NpjtNpjc——受拉和受压支管在管节点处的承载力设计值；Sb——支撑结构的侧移刚度(产生单位侧倾角的水平力)；F——钢材的抗拉、抗压和抗弯强度设计值；fv——钢材的抗剪强度设计值；fce——钢材的端面承压强度设计值；fst——钢筋的抗拉强度设计值；fy——钢材的屈服强度(或屈服点)；fat——锚栓的抗拉强度设计值；fbtfbvfbc——螺栓的抗拉、抗剪和承压强度设计值；frtfrvfrc——铆钉的抗拉、杭剪和承压强度设计值；fwtfwvfwc——对接焊缝的抗拉，抗剪和抗压强度设计值；fwt——角焊缝的抗拉、抗剪和抗压强度设计值；fc——混凝土抗压强度设计值；Δu——楼层的层间位移；[υQ]——仅考虑可变荷载标准值产生的挠度的容许值；[υT]——同时考虑永久和可变荷载标准值产生的挠度的容许值；σ——正应力；σc——局部压应力；σf——垂直于角焊缝长度方向，按焊缝有效截面计算的应力；Δσ——疲劳计算的应力幅或折算应力幅；Δσ——变幅疲劳的等效应力幅；[Δσ]——疲劳容许应力幅；Σcrσc.crτcr——板件在弯曲应力、局部压应力和剪应力单独作用时的临界应力；τ——剪应力；τf——沿角焊缝长度方向，按焊缝有效截面计算的剪应力；ρ——质量密度。
3、几何参数A——毛截面面积；An——净截面面积；H——柱的高度；H1、H2、H3——阶形柱上段、中段(或单阶柱下段)、下段的高度；I——毛截面惯性矩；It——毛截面抗扭惯性矩；Iw——毛截面扇性惯性矩；In——净截面惯性矩；S——毛截面面积矩；W——毛截面模量；Wn——净截面模量；Wp——塑性毛截面模量；Wpn——塑性净截面模量；ag——间距，间隙；b——板的宽度或板的自由外伸宽度；bo——箱形截面翼缘板在腹板之间的无支承宽度；混凝土板托顶部的宽度；bs——加劲肋的外伸宽度；be——板件的有效宽度；d——直径；de——有效直径；do——孔径；e——偏心距；h——截面全高；楼层高度；hc1——混凝土板的厚度；hc2——混凝土板托的厚度；he——角焊缝的计算厚度；hf——角焊缝的焊脚尺寸；hω——腹板的高度。
ho——腹板的计算高度；i——截面回转半径；l——长度或跨度；ll——粱受压翼缘侧向支承间距离；螺栓(或铆钉)受力方向的连接长度；lo——弯曲屈曲的计算长度；lω——扭转屈曲的计算长度；lw——焊缝的计算长度；lz——集中荷载在腹板计算高度边缘上的假定分布长度；s——部分焊透对接焊缝坡口根部至焊缝表面的最短距离；t——板的厚度；主管壁厚；ts——加劲肋厚度；tw——腹板的厚度；α——夹角；θ——夹角；应力扩散角；γb——梁腹板受弯计算时的通用高厚比；γs——梁腹板受剪计算时的通用高厚比；γc——梁腹板受局部压力计算时的通用高厚比；γ——长细比；γo、γyz、γz、γuz——换算长细比，4、计算系数及其他C——用于疲劳计算的有量纲参数，K1K2——构件线刚度之比；ks——构件受剪屈曲系数；Ov——管节点的支管搭接率；n——螺栓、铆钉或连接件数目；应力循环次数：nl——所计算截面上的螺栓(或铆钉)数目；nf——高强度螺栓的传力摩擦面数目；nv——螺栓或铆钉的剪切面数目；α——线膨胀系数；计算吊车摆动引起的横向力的系数，αE——钢材与混凝土弹性模量之比；αe——梁截面模量考虑腹板有效宽度的折减系数；αf——疲劳计算的欠载效应等效系数；αo——柱腹板的应力分布不均匀系数；αy——钢材强度影响系数；αl——梁腹板刨平顶紧时采用的系数；α2i——考虑二阶效应框架第；层杆件的侧移弯矩增大系数；β——支管与主管外径之比；用于计算疲劳强度的参数；βb——梁整体稳定的等效临界弯矩系数；βf——正面角焊缝的强度设计值增大系数；βm、βt——压弯构件稳定的等效弯矩系数：βl——折算应力的强度设汁值增大系数；γ——栓钉钢材强屈比；γo——结构的重要性系数：γx、γy——对主轴x、y的截面塑性发展系数；η——调整系数；ηb——梁截面不对称影响系数；η1、η2——用于计算阶形柱计算长度的参数；μ——高强度螺栓摩擦面的抗滑移系数；柱的计算长度系数；μ1、μ2、μ3——阶形柱上段、中段(或单阶柱下段)、下段的计算长度系数；ξ——用于计算梁整体稳定的参数；ρ——腹板受压区有效宽度系数；φ——轴心受压构件的稳定系数；φb、φ’b——梁的整体稳定系数；ψ——集中荷载的增大系数；ψn、ψa、ψd——用于计算直接焊接钢管节点承载力的参数。
Aacceptable quality合格质量acceptance lot验收批量aciera钢材admixture外加剂against slip coefficient between friction surface of high-strength bolted connection高强度螺栓摩擦面抗滑移系数aggregate骨料air content含气量air-dried timber气干材allowable ratio of height to sectional thickness of masonry wall or column砌体墙、柱容许高厚比allowable slenderness ratio of steel member钢构件容许长细比allowable slenderness ratio of timber compression member受压木构件容许长细比allowable stress range of fatigue疲劳容许应力幅allowable ultimate tensile strain of reinforcement钢筋拉应变限值allowable value of crack width裂缝宽度容许值allowable value of deflection of structural member构件挠度容许值allowable value of deflection of timber bending member受弯木构件挠度容许值allowable value of deformation of steel member钢构件变形容许值allowable value of deformation of structural member构件变形容许值allowable value of drift angle of earthquake resistant structure抗震结构层间位移角限值amplified coefficient of eccentricity偏心距增大系数anchorage锚具anchorage length of steel bar钢筋锚固长度approval analysis during construction stage施工阶段验算arch拱arch with tie rod拉捍拱arch-shaped roof truss拱形屋架area of shear plane剪面面积area of transformed section换算截面面积aseismic design建筑抗震设计assembled monolithic concrete structure装配整体式混凝土结构automatic welding自动焊接auxiliary steel bar架立钢筋Bbackfilling plate垫板balanced depth of compression zone界限受压区高度balanced eccentricity界限偏心距bar splice钢筋接头bark pocket夹皮batten plate缀板beam次梁bearing plane of notch齿承压面bearing plate支承板bearing stiffener支承加劲肋bent-up steel bar弯起钢筋block砌块block masonry砌块砌体block masonry structure砌块砌体结构blow hole气孔board板材bolt螺栓bolted connection(钢结构螺栓连接bolted joint(木结构螺栓连接bolted steel structure螺栓连接钢结构bonded prestressed concrete structure有粘结预应力混凝土结构bow顺弯brake member制动构件breadth of wall between windows窗间墙宽度brick masonry砖砌体brick masonry column砖砌体柱brick masonry structure砖砌体结构brick masonry wall砖砌体墙broad-leaved wood阔叶树材building structural materials建筑结构材料building structural unit建筑结构单元building structure建筑结构built-up steel column格构式钢柱bundled tube structure成束筒结构burn-through烧穿butt connection对接butt joint对接butt weld对接焊缝Ccalculating area of compression member受压构件计算面积calculating overturning point计算倾覆点calculation of load-carrying capacity of member构件承载能力计算camber of structural member结构构件起拱cantilever beam挑梁cap of reinforced concrete column钢筋混凝土柱帽carbonation of concrete混凝土碳化cast-in-situ concrete slab column structure现浇板柱结构cast-in-situ concrete structure现浇混凝土结构cavitation孔洞cavity wall空斗墙cement水泥cement content水泥含量cement mortar水泥砂浆characteriseic value of live load on floor or roof楼面、屋面活荷载标准值characteristi cvalue o fwindload风荷载标准值characteristic value of concrete compressive strength混凝土轴心抗压强度标准值characteristic value of concrete tensile strength混凝土轴心抗拉标准值characteristic value of cubic concrete compressive strength 混凝土立方体抗压强度标准值characteristic value of earthquake action地震作用标准值characteristic value of horizontal crane load吊车水平荷载标准值characteristic value of masonry strength砌体强度标准值characteristic value of permanent action永久作用标准值characteristic value of snowload雪荷载标准值characteristic value of strength of steel钢材强度标准值characteristic value of strength of steel bar钢筋强度标准值characteristic value of uniformly distributed live load均布活标载标准值characteristic value of variable action可变作用标准值characteristic value of vertical crane load吊车竖向荷载标准值charaeteristic value of material strength材料强度标准值checking section of log structural member，原木构件计算截面chimney烟囱circular double-layer suspended cable圆形双层悬索circular single-layer suspended cable圆形单层悬索circumferential weld环形焊缝classfication for earthquake-resistance of buildings建筑结构抗震设防类别clear height净高clincher扒钉coefficient of equivalent bending moment of eccentrically loaded steel memher(beam-column钢压弯构件等效弯矩系数cold bend inspection of steelbar冷弯试验cold drawn bar冷拉钢筋cold drawn wire冷拉钢丝cold-formed thin-walled sectionsteel冷弯薄壁型钢cold-formed thin-walled steel structure冷弯薄壁型钢结构cold-rolled deformed bar冷轧带肋钢筋column bracing柱间支撑combination value of live load on floor or roof楼面、屋面活荷载组合值compaction密实度compliance control合格控制composite brick masonry member组合砖砌体构件composite floor system组合楼盖composite floor with profiled steel sheet压型钢板楼板composite mortar混合砂浆composite roof truss组合屋架compostle member组合构件compound stirrup复合箍筋compression member with large eccentricity大偏心受压构件compression member with small eccentricity小偏心受压构件compressive strength at an angle with slope of grain斜纹承压强度compressive strength perpendicular to grain横纹承压强度concentration of plastic deformation塑性变形集中conceptual earthquake-resistant design建筑抗震概念设计concrete混凝土concrete column混凝土柱concrete consistence混凝土稠度concrete floded-plate structure混凝土折板结构concrete foundation混凝土基础concrete mix ratio混凝土配合比concrete wall混凝土墙concrete-filled steel tubular member钢管混凝土构件conifer针叶树材coniferous wood针叶树材connecting plate连接板connection连接connections of steel structure钢结构连接connections of timber structure木结构连接consistency of mortar砂浆稠度constant cross-section column等截面柱construction and examination concentrated load施工和检修集中荷载continuous weld连续焊缝core area of section截面核芯面积core tube supported structure核心筒悬挂结构corrosion of steel bar钢筋锈蚀coupled wall连肢墙coupler连接器coupling wall-beam连梁coupling wall-column...墙肢coursing degree of mortar砂浆分层度cover plate盖板covered electrode焊条crack裂缝crack resistance抗裂度crack width裂缝宽度crane girder吊车梁crane load吊车荷载creep of concrete混凝土徐变crook横弯cross beam井字梁cup翘弯curved support弧形支座cylindrical brick arch砖筒拱Ddecay腐朽decay prevention of timber structure木结构防腐defect in timber木材缺陷deformation analysis变形验算degree of gravity vertical for structure or structural member结构构件垂直度degree of gravity vertical forwall surface墙面垂直度degree of plainness for structural memer构件平整度degree of plainness for wall surface墙面平整度depth of compression zone受压区高度depth of neutral axis中和轴高度depth of notch齿深design of building structures建筑结构设计design value of earthquake-resistant strength of materials 材料抗震强度设计值design value of load-carrying capacity of members构件承载能力设计值designations0f steel钢材牌号designvalue of material strength材料强度设计值destructive test破损试验detailing reintorcement构造配筋detailing requirements构造要求diamonding菱形变形diaphragm横隔板dimensional errors尺寸偏差distribution factor of snow pressure屋面积雪分布系数dogspike扒钉yield strength(yield point of steel钢材(钢筋屈服强度(屈服点)Carry out drilling operation in accordance with the drilling program.按钻井程序进行钻井作业.Prepared bell nipple.准备”喇叭口”短节.Make up2joints of drill pipe.接两根钻杆.Break out this connection.卸开该接头.Run hole opener to sea bed.下扩眼器到海底Mix gel fluid for drilling conductor hole.为钻导管井眼配制高粘度泥浆.Make up bottom hole assembly.组合下部钻具Check and reset crown-saver on every tour.每个班都要检查并重新调整天车防碰装置.Number stands on trip out and trip in.起下钻时给立柱编号. Pick up BHA and run to seafloor.将下部钻具下到海底. Pick up stands.接立柱Don’t drill faster than15minutes for1stand.钻进速度别超过15分钟1根立柱Drop TOTCO.投(陶特)测斜仪Fish TOTCO with overshot.用打捞筒捞起测斜仪Resume drilling to T.D.继续钻进到总深Circulate15minutes.循环15分钟Run in hole.下钻Put out of hole.起钻Make an inventory of all ring gaskets.开一个所有垫圈的清单Use spinning tong.使用气动扳手Operate the air winch.操作气动绞车Lay down57joints of5”drill pipe.甩57根钻杆Pick up drill stem test tool.提起钻杆测试工具Circulate mud for2hours.循环泥浆2小时Move string during circulation.在循环时注意活动钻具Circulate hole clean.循环清洗井眼Circulate bottoms up.循环泥浆几周Fill up every5stands.每5柱灌泥浆一次Check mud weight every15minutes.每15分钟检查泥浆比重Reverse out excess cement.反循环替出多余的泥浆Change/replace old mud by new mud.用新的泥浆替换出旧的泥浆Stop drilling.停止钻进Drilling ahead.钻进Pull out of hole bit.起出钻头Change bit.换钻头Run the wear bushing.下抗磨补心The bit thread type is regular pin.钻头丝扣是正规公扣What’s the make-up torque?上扣扭矩要多大?Run in9”collars.下9”钻铤The cathead can’t give enough torque.猫头力量不够Connect crossover sub.接上配合接头The tong angle is too small.大钳的角度太小了Stop circulating.停止循环泥浆Break out the stand.卸立柱Set the single into the mousehole.把这个单根放进鼠洞Can we break out the pipe with rotary table?可用转盘卸扣吗?No!Break it out with tong.不行!要用大钳卸扣Spin it out with the air spanner.用气动扳手卸扣Put the pipe wiper on the string.装上钻杆刮泥器Don’t set this stand back.这根钻杆不要放在钻杆盒上Make up the lift sub.接好提升短节Secure the safety clamp.上紧安全卡瓦The bit is nearing the shoe.钻头快到套管鞋了Slow down the running speed.放慢下放速度This is the undergauged interval.这是缩径井段This is the drilling program.这是钻井设计书How much weight on bit is required?要加多少钻压?Keep the rotary speed at120---140RPM.转速保持120---140转/分Keep the flow rate at3000LPM.保持排量3000升/分The pump pressure is too high.泵压太高了Don’t ream the hole too fast.划眼不要太快Notice the rotary torque.注意转盘扭矩的变化The penetration rate is getting slower.钻速变慢了The bit is nearly worn out.钻头快磨光了Stop drilling at2000meters.钻至2000米停钻Circulate for one hour.循环一个小时The pump pressure has increased.泵压升高了One nozzle may be plugged.可能有一个水眼(或:喷嘴)堵了What is the hook load?悬重多少?What’s the pick-up weight?上提重量是多少?What’s the lowering weight?下放重量是多少?Run in HWDP.下加重钻杆A stabilizer is needed here.这里需要一个扶正器This is a flexible sub.这是挠性接头This is the BHA log.这是下部钻具组合记录Record all outside and inside diameters.记录好所有(入井工具的)内外径We need a short drill collar.需要一根短钻铤Pull the cat line.拉猫头Operate the break lever.操作(或:扶)刹把Stop the pumps.停泵Make a wiper trip.通井Retrieve wear bushing.取出抗磨补心Bleed off pressure.(释)放压(力)Keep5wraps on the drum.滚筒上留5圈Set slips.座上卡瓦If tight hole,repeat wiper trip.如果井眼紧,重复划眼Setback bottom hole assembly.将下部钻具立于钻杆盒内Make sure all alarms are on.确保所有的警报信号都开着Lay down TDS spinner.拆下顶部驱动的旋扣器Run in hole bit#15to bottom.用15号钻头下钻到井底Run in hole to casing shoe.下钻至套管鞋Pick up same bit and BHA.装上同样的钻头和钻具组合Lay down5”HW drill pipe.甩5”加重钻杆Move string every2hours.每2小时活动钻具一次Keep area around shaker clean.保持振动筛区域干净Control trip gas.控制起下钻气Ream if needed.如必要时进行划眼Select the best penetration rate.选择最佳钻进速度Fix the traveling assembly.固定游动系统100.Check power tongs and spinning rope are on drill floor.检查动力钳和尾绳是否在钻台What’s the weight on bit?钻压是多少?What is the BHA of this well?这口井的下部钻具如何组合? Drill out cement.钻穿水泥Latch the elevator.扣吊卡Unlatch the elevator.开吊卡Set the slips.放卡瓦Adjust the crown-o-matic(crown saver).调整防碰天车Lock the hook pin.锁紧大钩销子Check OD of stabilizer.检查扶正器的外径Perform leak off test.进行地层破裂(或:渗漏)测试Connect kill and choke line.接上压井和放喷管线Reverse out the drill pipe.反循环清洗钻杆Make a short trip.进行短途起下钻Change the cutters.换割刀Slug the pipe.灌重泥浆Drill the stand down.钻完立柱Start/run the shale shaker.开振动筛Start the desanders.开除砂器Start the desilters.开除泥器Change it with a40mesh screen.换成40目筛布Shut it off.关掉Pull it to the cat ramp.把它拉到坡道上去Make a fast connection.接单根要快Don’t dump the mud into the sea.不要把泥浆排放到海里Disconnect it with a chain tong.用链钳卸开Put a thread protector.加一个(丝扣)护箍Can we use the power slips?可以使用动力卡瓦吗?Casing and Cementing下套管与固井Run in hole to bottom for wiper trip.下钻通井This is the casing program.这是套管程序Prepare for running casing.准备下套管Make everything ready for running7”casing.做好下7”套管的准备Make cementing job.固井Displace cementing with mud pump.用泥浆泵替泥浆Set cement plug from2940to2790m.在2940到2790米井段打水泥塞Pick up cementing head.接水泥头Cement samples are hard.水泥样已凝固Pump in3cubic meters of spacer.注3方隔离液Pump down the plug.泵压(胶)塞Wait on cement.候凝The guide shoe will be connected.接引鞋Connect the floor collar.接浮箍Connect the air line to the casing stabbing board.接好套管扶正台的气管线Run casing with the350T slip elevator.用350吨卡瓦式吊卡下套管Clean and dry20”casing threads with rags.清洁并擦干20”套管丝扣Where is the rabbit for drifting the casing?套管通径规在哪里?Rig Move,Anchoring and Positioning拖航,抛锚,定位What is our position now?我们现在船位在哪里?What’s the moving speed now?(What’s the towering speed?)拖航速度是多少?The speed is about4knots.船速是4节左右Which one is the main tug?主拖是哪条船?The main tug is Nanhai205.主拖是南海205Which one is the chase boat?护航船是哪一条?How much is the horse power?有多大马力?She has6000HP.有6000马力Move the rig off location50feet.将平台移开50英尺We are ready to drop the anchor.我们已经做好抛锚的准备了Secure all the movable equipment.固定好各种活动的设备Preload.(自升式)压载Ballast.(半潜式)压载Put the preload water into the tank.向压载舱灌压压载水We need5500tons of preload water.需要5500吨压载水Shall we preload right now?马上开始压载吗?Drain the water off.放水The rig is overloaded.平台已超载Jack up(jack down)the rig.升(降)船The draft is 3.5meters.船体吃水3.5米The jetting pressure is100psi.冲桩压力是100psi Penetrate the legs.插桩How much penetration do we have?入泥多深了?No.1and No.2legs indicate10meters.1,2号桩腿插入10米Fix the upper and lower wedges.固定上下楔块Pay out the anchor line.放出锚缆绳Skid the derrick.移开井架The rig is short of potable water now.平台缺乏饮用水Drop No.2and No.3anchors.抛2号和3号锚Why has the main engine stopped?主机为什么停?Unleash the drilling tools.卸开钻具Tighten up.绷紧(或:上紧)一点Turn on the cooling water for the windlasses.开锚机刹车冷却水Retrieve the No.1to No.8anchors.起1到8号锚Check the paint marks at the anchor winches.检查锚机上的油漆记号Prepare for a location move.准备好移井位Commence anchor handling.开始起锚(或抛锚)Secure all equipment stored on deck.固定好所有存放在甲板上的设备Carry out stability and load calculations.做稳性和载荷计算Pass pendant line,shackle and buoy to anchor handling vessel.将起抛锚短索,卸扣和浮标吊起给起锚船Lower the windward anchor to seafloor.抛上风锚到海底Pick up the leeward anchor first.先起下风锚Take anchor chaser(or chaser)back to rig.将捞/抛锚环送回平台Hook up towing lines to tug boat.将拖缆连接到拖轮Sound fog signal for two seconds every twenty seconds.发大雾信号,每20秒钟响两秒Fishing打捞The bit cutters have been lost in the hole.牙轮落井Run in the reverse-circulation basket.下反循环打捞篮There is a lot of junk in the hole.井下有很多落物The fish is235.46meters long.落鱼长度235.46米The fish top is at2478.34meters.鱼顶位置2478.34米Coring取芯Stop drilling for coring.停钻准备取芯Make up core bit.接取芯钻头A-60fire door A-60级防火门abrasive(喷砂用的)磨料abrasive paper砂纸AC generator交流发电机AC motor交流电动机accelerated corrosion testing加速腐蚀试验acceptance criteria合格准则access hole(for welding)=cope hole焊接工艺孔acetylene gas乙炔acid electrode酸性焊条acid proof cement防酸水泥additive添加剂AFC(approved for construction)建造批准agitator搅拌器air blower鼓风机air compressor空压机air drive pump气动泵。