该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to
pay sb. by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。 此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：get
burnt, get hurt , get wounded.
• What he has done is really __C__.Now his parents are _____ him.
③ She was very disappointed to hear the result.
④ He’s quite experienced in teaching beginners.
现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别
• V-ing 形式表示“令人……的” • V-ed 形式表示“某人感到……的”
2. 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则 应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当 于一个定语从句。
Do you know the boy playing basketball? （=who is playing basketball) 你ciple as attribute & predicative
①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。 ②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。 ③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。
区别 2
Falling leaves Fallen leaves
区别 2
1. Falling leaves 2. Fallen leaves 3. Disappointing news 4. Disappointed people 5. Exciting story 6. Excited people 7. Tired people/ I’m tired 8. Tiring film
ago． 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。
Practice: Change the following Past Participle into clauses.
1） The question discussed was very important.
= The question __w__h_i_ch__h_a_d__b_e_e_n_d_i_s_c_u_ss_e_d_ was very important.
区别 1
The Olympic Games,_A__ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912.
A. first played C. first playing
B. to be first played D. to be first playing
2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与 被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语，强调特点或状态； 而被动语态中，强调动作。 e.g.：This shop is now closed．
这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态) This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday． 这家商店每天6点关门。(动作）
二、 动词-ing形式作定语
1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具 有两种含义。 ① 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room
= a room for reading
② 在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的 动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。 an ordinary-looking house 看起来很普通的房子 = a house that looks ordinary a sleeping boy 正在睡觉的男孩 = a boy who is sleeping
Book 5 Unit 1 Grammar
过去分词做表语、定语
Revision V-ing form
一、动词-ing形式作表语
1 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语
Her job is keeping the classroom as clean as possible.
(= Keeping the classroom as clean as possible is her job) 2 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一 个形容词）
The story is interesting. I am interested in the story.
Cleaning women in big cities usually get ___C_____by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
① How did the audience receive the new play? They got very excited.
② How did Bob do in the exams this time? Well, his father seems pleased with his results.
注：本句中的过去分词作定语，既表被 动又表完成。
2） The United States is a developed country.
= The United Stated is a country _w__h_ic_h__h_a_s_d_e_v_e_l_o_p_e_d____ .
注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完 成。
The story is quite interesting. This book is very boring.
常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, boring, confusing, disappointing,
encouraging, exciting, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
升起来的太阳
a returned student 一名留学生
a retired teacher
一名退休教师
an escaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯
2、过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和／或完 成意义。
e.g.：The books written by Lu Xun are popular． 鲁迅写的书很受欢迎 We’ll go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years
1. 正在飘的落叶 2. 已经落在地上的落叶 3. 令人失望的消息 4. 感到失望的人们 5. 激动人心的故事 6. （感到）激动的人们 7. 累了的人/我感到累了
8. （使人觉得）无聊的电 影
二、过去分词作表语
1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处 的状态，其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种 形式。
e.g. ： Everyone present is very inspired at his speech． 听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。
You seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓。
系动词
• be • become, get, go, grow, turn • keep, remain, stay, • feel, look, appear, seem， smell, sound, taste, • prove,
3. Everybody is really ___e_x_c_it_e(edxcite) about the new Olympic stadiums.
4. His wound became___i_n_f_e_c_te(idnfect) with a new virus.
3. 过去分词作定语
位置
eg： a used stamp an injured finger
注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。
e.g.：spoken English
英语口语
written exercises 书面练习
少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过 去分词只有完成的意义
fallen leaves
落叶
the risen sun
A. disappointing; disappointed at B. disappointing; disappointed about C. disappointing; disappointed with D. disappointed; disappointing by
短语积累
• be prepared to do • be interested in doing/sth • be interested to do • be worried about • be concerned with • be absorbed in doing/sth • defeated enemy • a boy named/called Bill • cracked/broken window
2. look! A ______ woman was coming.
A. beautiful dressed B. dressed beautiful C. beautifully dressed D. dressed beautifully
3. Mr smith, _______ of the ______ speech, started to read a novel. A.tired; boring
2. 摸底测验
1. The painter looked so___t_i_re_d(tire) after working for a whole day.
2. I was__d_is_a__p_p_o_i_n_t_e_d(disappoint) with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
1. 过去分词知多少