必修5 Unit1 Great scientists1.explain（vt.）解释;说明;阐明sth. to sb. Please explain this rule to me.explain + that从句He explained that he had been cheated.+wh- Can you explain how the machine operates?2.characteristic n. 特征；特性e.g. Kindness is one of his characteristics.adj.独特的 e.g. I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.短语：be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性e.g. Such bluntness is characteristic of him.3. put forward 提出（建议等）；提名; 提前，把时钟往前拨e.g. He put forward a new plan.[归纳拓展] put down 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭put on 穿上put away 收好put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期put up 建造；举起；张贴选词填空（put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out）①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful.②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road.③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center.④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day.⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow wha t can be done today.2.draw a conclusion得出结论1）conclusion作名词，意为―结束，结论短语：come to/reach/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 最后e.g. I will in conclusion say a few words about my visit to Tokyo.2）conclude作动词，―结束；断定；决定to conclude（作插入语）最后,作为总结(= to sum up)e.g. To conclude, I think smoking does more harm than good to us.4. expert 1）n.专家，能手an expert in psychology（心理学）an agricultural expert2）adj.熟练的，有专门技术的be expert in/at sth 精通……doing sth.an expert job需要专门知识的工作e.g. He is expert in / at cooking.5.attend vt. & vi. 参加，注意，照料1）attend a ceremony / lecture / a meeting2）attend to (on)伺候, 照顾，看护 e.g. Mother had to attend to her sick son.3）attend to处理，注意倾听e.g. Can you attend to the matter immediately?4. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.1）暴露expose sb/ sth to sth e.g. He exposes his skin to the sun. 2）揭露 e.g.Heexposed their plot. 他揭穿了他们的阴谋。

短语：expose sth. to the light of day 把某事暴露于光天化日之下expose a fraud 揭穿骗局练习：The disc, digitally _____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded5.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.1）neither...nor...既不……也不，连接句中两个相同成分。

I neither knew nor cared what had happened to him.Neither France nor Britain will attend the meeting next week.Neither Jim nor his parents have seen the film. ＝Neither his parents nor Jim has seen the film.2）cure vt. 治疗,治愈,改正n. 治疗,治愈,治疗法①cure sb（of sth）治好了某人（的...,...) The only way to cure backache is to rest. 治疗背痛的唯一办法是休息。

When I left the hospital I was completely cured. That nasty shock cured him of his inquisitiveness for ever. 那一沉重教训根除了他凡事爱打听的毛病。

This illness cannot be cured easily. 这种病不好治. ②a cure for sth.治疗…的方法;解决问题，改善困境Is there a certain cure for cancer yet? 癌症迄今有无有效的治疗方法? The prices are going up every day, but there is no cure for rising prices. 6.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.人们既不知道它的病因，也不懂如何治疗。

每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。

(1)本句为复合句，―So many thousands of terrified people died‖为主句，every time引导时间状语从句，意思是―每当……‖。

(2)有些名词短语或副词可以起连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。

例如：every time，each time，the last time，next time，the moment，the minute，immediately，instantly等。

①Every time/Each time I express an opinion，she argues back.每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。

②I found myself in an entirely new world the moment/the minute/immediately I arrived here.我一到这里就感到耳目一新。

③The last time I saw him，he was quite well.我最后一次看到他时，他还相当健康。

④Give your father my best regards next time you see him.下次你见到你父亲时，请代我向他致以最好的问候。

[拓展延伸] (1)for the first time是介词短语，常用作时间状语，而the first time是连词，引导时间状语从句。

(2)It is the first time that...如果前面用is，从句动词用现在完成时；如果前面用was，则从句动词用过去完成时. (3)It’s (high) time that...从句动词用过去时或should＋动词原形。

It’s high time we took immediate action to prevent pollution.该到我们立即采取措施阻止污染的时候了。

7.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air, a cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖，像一股危险气体在空中到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害人。

suggest v. 建议；暗示；表明suggest+doing / sth. / that sb. (should) do sth. May suggested a picnic at the weekend. He suggested to us a visit to the Great Wall. He suggested us visiting the Great Wall. I suggested leaving early for the airport. He suggested that we (should) visit the Great Wall. She suggested that her father (should) give up smoking. *suggest (暗示，表明)+从句不用虚拟语气。

The smile on her face suggested that she agreed with me. The look on his face suggested that he was happy. 8..The second suggested that people absorbed thisdisease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。

absorb vt.(1)专注，聚精会神be absorbed in＝put one’s heart into 集中精力做某事I was absorbed in a book and didn’t hear your call. 我正专心看书，没听到你的电话。