高考阅读理解高频难词(1)
1. alter ['ɔ:ltə]
vt. 改变,改动;复原,更改;使变样:Have you altered your mind? 你改变主意了吗?
改做(衣服):to alter a coat 改做一件大衣
If your new coat is too large, a tailor can alter it to fit you. 你的大衣要是太大,裁缝能把它改得合你身。
to alter course 改变路线to alter a will 更改遗嘱
2. burst [bə:st]
vi.
爆炸,炸裂,爆裂,胀裂,胀破,碎片飞散;溃决,冲破:
The bitter cold caused the water pipes to burst. 严寒使水管爆裂了。
The balloon burst. 气球爆炸了。
砸开;猛然打开,突然打开;绽开:
Her dress is so tight the seams are bursting. 她的外衣这么紧身,缝口绽开了。
爆发;迸发;突然发生;突然发作;突然…起来(into):
She burst into tears. 她大哭起来。
to burst into applause 突然欢呼起来
3. dispose [dis'pəuz]
vt.
料理(事务),处理(事物),处置,安排(事情):
He disposed his money in charity. 他将自己的钱用于慈善事业。
使有倾向,使用意于,使有心于:
Her temperament disposed her to argue readily with people. 她的急躁脾气使她动不动就与人争吵。
使想要,使愿意,使乐意:
Your words of cheer disposed me for the task. 你的一番鼓励的话使我乐意接受这项任务了。
使易于;使易受感染,使易受(影响),使易陷于:
A weak constitution disposed her to frequent illness. 由于体质差,她动不动就会生病。
4. blast [blɑ:st; blæst]
n. 一阵(疾风),一阵(狂风) ;疾风,狂风,暴风;一股(强而急速的)气流;(随狂风而来的)一阵雨夹雪,一阵冻雨;喇叭等管乐器的吹奏;吹奏声
5. consume [kən'sju:m]
vt.
消耗,消费;耗尽;用掉:
He had consumed the best years of his life in prison. 他在狱中度过了他的大好年华。
She consumes much of her time in studying. 她把很多时间用在学习上。
吃光;喝光;大吃大喝:
They consumed all the hot dogs and hamburgers. 他们把热狗和汉堡包统统吃光了。
烧光;毁灭:
A big fire consumed the whole house. 一场大火把这所房子整个烧光。
浪费,滥用;挥霍:
Arguing about such details consumed many hours of their valuable time.
在这些细节上争来争去浪费了他们很多宝贵的时光
6. split [split]
vt.
劈开;劈碎:
to split a log into two 把木头劈成两半They went into the room by splitting the door. 他们破门进入房间。
剖开,切开;割开:He split a piece from cold meat. 他切下了一块凉肉。
撕裂,使破裂:
A lightening splits the dark sky. 一道闪电划破了黑暗的天空。
The flag on the building was split by the wind. 楼顶上的旗子被大风撕破了。
7. spit [spit]
vi.
吐唾沫;吐痰:No Spitting! 请勿吐痰!
啐唾沫(表示愤恨或轻蔑等);表示愤恨(或轻蔑)(at,on):
He's the man at whom everyone spit. 他是个遭到大家唾弃的人。
They spit on what I said. 他们对我说的话表示轻蔑。
啪啦作响;爆出火花:grease spitting on the fire 在火上毕剥作响的油脂
飘小雨;飘雪花:
She rushed out of the room with her pajamas, when snow was spitting. 她穿着睡衣冲出了房子,那时正下着小雪。
8. spill [spil]
vt.
(偶然或无意识地)泼洒,使溅出,使溢出:
to spill the soup out down the table 把汤洒到了餐桌上
Turn off the gas when the milk boils. Otherwise it will be spilt. 牛奶煮沸后就关上煤气,不然牛奶就会溢出来。
使流血,放(血):
to spill a horse to cure its illness 给马放血治疗
撒,使散落;浇(花等):
to spill the diamonds all over the floor 把钻石撒了一地
He spilt the water all over the flowers. 他给花浇水。
9. slip [slip]
vi.
滑,滑动:to slip off the surface of 从…的表面滑过
滑行;轻快地移动:
to slip down the slide 从滑梯上滑下to slip onto the stage 轻快地走上舞台
滑倒,跌跤:
He slipped on the street and broke his leg. 他在马路上滑了一跤,摔断了腿。
滑脱;滑落:
When she heard the news, the cup in her hand slipped down onto the floor.
当她听到这一消息时,手中的杯子一下子滑落掉在了地上。
to slip off one's hand 从手中滑脱
10. slide [slaid]
vi.
滑,滑动,滑行:to slide down a hill 从山上滑下
The glasses slid off the table onto the floor. 玻璃杯子全都从桌上滑落到了地板上。
滑跌,滑倒:to slide on the street 滑倒在大街上
打滑;滑落:to slide on the ice 在冰面上打滑
My book slid off my knee. 书从我的膝盖上滑落了。