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主动脉夹层生物学诊断指标的研究进展_彭文

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现行临床影像学方法严重滞后了本病的诊断,耽误治疗,影响预后。

因此找到特异性强、敏感度高的生物学标志物早期诊断AD,使AD患者能得到及时有效的治疗,以降低病死率,改善愈后是未来的研究方向。

现就AD生物学诊断指标的研究进展予以综述。

关键词:主动脉夹层;生物学指标;诊断Research Progress of Bio-marker Diagnosis for Aortic Dissection PENG Wen1,ZHOU Xiang-hong1,CHAI Xiang-ping1,ZHOU Sheng-hua2.(1.Department of Emergency,2.Department of Cardiology,the Sec-ond Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha410011,China)Abstract:Aortic dissection(AD)is an acute aortic lesion associated with high misdiagnosis and mortali-ty rate.However,diagnosis for AD is severely delayed by current clinical imaging examinations which affects the treatment and leads to poor prognosis.Therefore,the future study should focus on acquiring a bio-marker with high specificity and sensitivity for early diagnosis of AD,to realize timely effective treatment and lower mortality,and better prognosis.Here is to make a review focusing on the progress of bio-markers for AD diag-nosis.Key words:Aortic dissection;Bio-marker;Diagnosis主动脉夹层(aortic dissection,AD)是主动脉内膜撕裂,循环中的血液通过裂口进入主动脉肌壁内,导致血管壁的分层。

人群发病率为每年2.9/10万,3%的患者猝死,发病2d内病死率高达50%,临床多表现为胸痛、胸闷、气短等症状,误诊和漏诊率可高达31.8%,误诊为心绞痛者占10.1%,心肌梗死者占5%[1]。

目前临床上诊断AD常用影像学方法包括X线、B超、CT、磁共振成像及主动脉造影等。

X线胸片和二维超声对AD的诊断价值有限;食管B 超可显示夹层内膜,区分真假腔,但是风险较大;CT、磁共振成像和主动脉造影虽可作为确诊手段,但是耗时长,价格昂贵且需要搬运患者,在急诊情况下不宜作为首选。

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