Beginning.Mentioning ancient Chinese science and technology, we will naturally think of the four great inventions: the compass, papermaking, printing and gunpowder. However, current discoveries prove that the ancient Chinese science and technology is well developed and advanced. Four great inventions are known for us because they are handed down. Besides them, there are more astonishing ones that are less known to us, some of which are still recognized as miracles.Ancient culture diversity can be seen at every aspect, So today we are going to illustrate from four aspects: city protection, artifact, amenities, and sports.First, let me begin with city protectionSword is the indispensable weapon for city protection. And the picture on the right is a sword used by king of YUE, named goujian. The left sword is discovered with Terra-Cotta Warriors of Qin dynasty. Both of the two swords are extremely sharp without any trace of stain when they are found. After scientific test, researchers find that they is a layer of "Chromium salt oxidation", with thickness of 10 micrometer. This shocked the whole world, because it is a high-end processing technique beginning from the modern times. German and US found this technology correspondingly in 1937 and 1950, besides the material Chromium is rare metal, with melting point of 4000c, it is strenuous to be extracted. Can you believe it, a sword used by ancient Chineseemperor, is the achievement of moderntechnology. Coincidentally, another modern technology called Shape memory alloy is also used in Qin dynasty. When the archeologists cleaned up the 11th cave of Terra-Cotta Warriors, they found a sword had been bent over by a heavy pottery figurine weighing 150kg. They were depressed at the first time, because they thought the sword had been destroyed. But to their surprise, the sword recovered in seconds and turned out to be a narrow and thin bronze oneafter removed the heavy stone above it. What modern metallurgist has been dreaming of exists in the qinTerra-Cotta Warriors dating 2200 years ago.By the way, there is anothermiracle, too,Tomb ever-burning lamps.This name isfirst introduced byGreek mythology, it is said the flame is taken by Prometheus from heaven. Obviously, this is not real.But the fact is the lamp has been illuminating for thousands of years, hanging on the vault of tomb. How come? There is no oxygen in the airtight space, and where doesthe energy come from? Generators, solar energy, diesel, all are excluded. The answer need are expecting to be revealed.Another protection method is city moat. But during the raining period, flood will be a catastrophe. So the drainage system is obviously crucial. As early as yin dynasty, clay pipe had been used.and this splendid architecture, is the drainage system used In north song period, 900 hundred years from now. It is designed along Geographic direction of the city, so the water can naturally flow into the river, and the surprising part is, there is a component that can prevent the flood flowing back into the city.That’s all for the city protection.Now let’s move onto the artifact.China celebrated artifact has been prosperous at ancient time. Precise carving and punching techniques have been well developed. This jade antique, under the Microscope, a jade core can be clearly seen. The diameter the core is measured to be 0.05 millimeter, which means the diameter of the pipe that uses to drill the core is no larger than 0.07 millimeter.Ancestors superb artistry is shocking. This hornis sculpted from jade with high hardness.The size is the same as a finger nail. The hornmouth’s thickness is 0.09 centimeter, as thin as a piece of paper.The smooth surface and perfect friction show there must be sharp sculpting tool and a high-speed rotation of the transmission machinery, like high-precision lathe and other similar mechanical devices that we use today. Otherwise, it must not reach such an effect.Another feature of ancient artifact is that the design is also very stylish even by modern standard.This are the buckles used at tang dynasty.This is the bag used at that time, and Louis Vuitton happens to have a same style. Amenities大汉朝透光镜。

Censer of Tang dynastyMost people will fall in love of this censor, because its Hollow out process design is so elegant and appealing.In ancient china, there is no electric heater, so in winter they come up with an equipment to avoid the bed being as cold as ice. This is what the Censer in tang dynasty was used for. They put sparking plant into the bowl, lock the two separated parts together, and then put the censer under the quilt. Not only the quilt absorbsthe aroma from the slow combustion, but also become warm due to the heat released.Is there potential fire danger? No. The core of this equipment uses Gyroscope, no matter how the censer moves, the bowl still remain static.Smoke free lampThis beautiful goose-shaped lamp ingeniously uses the goose neck as a pipe to lead the smoke into the water. Water can assimilate most of the detrimental gases generated during burning. The water can be renewed through the plug under the belly.This smoke treatment method can still be found in modern petroleum industry. According to environment protection policy of shell, the chimney of diesel engine must be submerged into water to get rid of most gases, or else there will be a punishment.So I am wondering if apply this method into factories, cars, all related industries, the air pollution will improve.Closestoolthis tool is used in toilet. The original one is made of iron, and has been severelycorroded, this is the conception model formed on basis of the original one. Would this give you the hint on closestool design?IronModern electric iron is an American invention in the late nineteenth century. However, the use of iron began as early as the second century by the Han period. Iron is then the common household appliances. When I was young, my mom also used this kind of iron as well. Inside of the iron housing, there is an iron block. The heat is not generated by electricity as the modern ones do; instead, burn the block to be red and blacking, and then put it into the housing, the heat then transferred to the bottom.Today, we can see this method is out-dated, but this formed the electric iron rudiment.SportsThe game of golf was first invented by Scottish in 15 century. However in china, this game originated from song dynasty, and become popular in the upper level class in yuan dynasty. Since ming, it has become an prevailing entertainment that is suitable for both gender and all ages.In this picture, emperor of Ming is aiming at the small ball on the ground, onehanding is holding a rocket. In ancient china, this activity was named chuiwan.And these are the duplicated wooden rockets. The original ones have been rotten due to the short duration.But the ball which is made of stone can last for a long time. They are the balls that are reserved in the Beijing Museum. The surface has turned to be coarse due to the corrosion.。