初中英语被动语态讲解英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

一、被动语态的构成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。

助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，态的变化。

例如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages.二、被动语态的用法（ 1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。

例如：并有时Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term.（ 2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。

例如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。

变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。

例如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 )→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。

但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。

例如： The boss made them work ten hours a day.→They were made to work ten hours a day.A boy saw him enter the house.→ He was seen to enter the house.三、被动语态的时态初中英语教材中出现了五种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。

一般现在时构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词例如： This kind of car is made in shanghai.一般过去时构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词例如： The bridge was built in 1992.现在进行时构成： be + being + 动词的过去分词例如： A new bridge is being built in my hometown.过去进行时构成： was/were + being +动词的过去分词一般将来时构成： will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词例如： These books are going to be posted tomorrow.过去将来时构成： would/was(were )going to do + be + 动词的过去分词现在完成时构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词例如： Has his work been finished?过去完成时构成：助动词had + been + 动词的过去分词带有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 动词的过去分词例如：Can this walkman be repaired here?主动语态改为被动语态的步骤：①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语；②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态；③主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by 的宾语。

主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方法有两种：①把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语②把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。

此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词（通常是介词在短语 see sb. do sth. 中，动词 see 后跟不带to 的不定式作宾补。

改为被动语态时要加上一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find 等，以及使役动词make, let 等。

第三节巩固练习for 或 to)。

to。

用于这一结构的谓语动词Ⅰ .把下列主动语态改为被动语态:1、 We often use a recorder in our English class.2、 They will show a new film next week.3、 When did they build the house?4、 I saw the boy enter the room.5、 Will they show a new film next week?6、 Have they posted the letter yet?7、 We often see him help his classmate.8、 You must turn off the light before you go to be.d9、 Who is repairing the bike?10、The student should learn all the texts by heart.Ⅱ .填空 :1.The reading room ________ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned2.The workers were made ________ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked3.Food ________ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. mustn ’ t keepC. must be kept D. mustn ’ t be kept4.His father ________ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent5.The pen ________ well. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing6.Great changes ________ in the town since 1988.A. have taken placeB. have been taken placeC. has taken placeD. has been taken place7.Our compositions must ________ next Monday.A. be hand inB. be handed inC. handed inD. be handing in8.The child will ________ back to his parents next month. A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending9.____ his work ____ yet? A. have⋯ been finished B. has⋯ been finished C. has⋯ finished D. have ⋯ finished10. The classroom ________ now. A. is cleaning B. is being cleaning C. is being cleaned D. is cleanedⅢ .用适当和的填空:1、 Can he ________ (speak) English?2、What language ________ (speak) in that country?3、 The film ________ (show) many times since last Sunday.4、 These TV sets ________ (make) in Sichuan.5、 It has got so dark. Would you please ________ (turn) on the light?6、 A new hospital ________ (build) in this area now.7、 ________ the book ________ (return).8、 Rice ________ (grow) in the south.9、 The window ________ (not break) by the boy.10、 I ________ (tell) he ________ (not come) just now.答案1.A recorder is often used in our English class.2.A new film will be shown by then next week.3.When was the house built by them?4.The boy was seen to enter the room.5.Will a new film be shown by them next week?7.He is often seen to help his classmate.8.The light must be turned off before you go to bed.9. Who is the bike being repaired by?(By whom is the bike being repaired?)10.All the texts should be learned by heart by the students.1.D2.B3.C4.B5.A6.A7.B8.C9.B 10.C1. speak 2 is spoken 3. has been shown 4. are made 5. turn 7. Has returned 8. is grown9. wasn ’ t broken 10. was told didn 6. is being built’ t come。