2017中考英语-动词分类及短语中考专题动词的分类及动词短语第一讲动词的分类【中考解读】【考点分布】1.实义动词 2.连系动词 3.助动词4.情态动词【考点内容】掌握实义动词中及物动词和不及物动词的语法作用和延续性动词的用法，牢记连系动词和助动词基本用法及情态动词的辨析与运用。
【命题趋势】1.考察在特殊语境中动词、连系动词、助动词及情态动词的运用2.实义动词的词义辨析【动词定义】：表示动作和状态的词【动词分类】：动词按照其词义和在句中的作用可分为：实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词不但不完整，不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。
具体分类见下表She is a friendly girl and always gets on well with others.她很友好，总是能和别人友好相处。
She becomes more beautiful than three years ago.她比三年前漂亮多了。
The window remained open all the night.这扇窗子整夜开着。
The food in that restaurant looks delicious, but it tastes bad.那家餐馆的食物看起来不错，但尝起来难吃。
It’s getting warmer and warmer.天气渐渐变得暖和。
7、—The oranges ____________sweet.—Of course. They are from Yongxing, Chenzhou.A.t asteB. eatC. drink9、—Why do you ______ so upset? —Because I didn’t get the first place in the English competition.A.lookB.soundC.smellD. feel和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、语气、人称和数，构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等。
主要的助动词有【湖北随州2】22. —Hello, Lisa. What's the matter?—I ______find my mobile phone. _______ you seen it?A.couldn't; DidB. can't; HaveC. need ; HadD. must; Are( ) —Who _____ the first paper in the world?—Cai Lun______A.invented;didB.was invented;wasC.did invented ;wasD.invented;was (2016•山东东营)20. “重要的事情说三遍”canbe translated into “Important things mustbe again and again and again.”A. spokenB. repeatedC. describedD. introduced三实义动词表示动作或状态，可在句中独立作谓语。
实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词Could I use your computer?Vegetables help you to keep in good health.make sb do sth let sb do sth have sb do sth see sb. do sthwatch sb. do sth hear sb.do sth notice sb. do sthTom lent me a book yesterday.【拓展】具有类似用法的还有：give sb.sth.= give sth.to sb. pass sb.sth.= pass sth.to sb.post sb.sth.= post sth.to sb. lend give sb.sth.= lend sth.to sb.offer sb.sth.= offer sth.to sb. buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb.Tom arrived last Sunday.He talks in a loud voice.She can sing English songs.(及物)She sings well.(不及物)I often listen to music on weekends.She can sing English songs.(及物)She sings well.(不及物)1)动词+介词Tom is looking for his lost pen.What are you talking about?词，都只能放在介词后面，不能放在动词和介词之间。
2)动词+副词When I grow up,I’ll be a policeman to catch thieves.She dressed herself up before the party started.3)动词+副词+介词Keep away from the dangerous building.Let’s keep in touch with each other.。
4)动词+名词+介词You should pay attention to your English speaking.Please help yourself to some fish.宾语只能放在介词之后。
5)be+形容词+介词He is interested in science.the news.I’m surprised at(2016•江苏扬州)4. —What will the phone________？—The same as you said, eight hundred dollars each.A. spendB. costC. payD. afford(2016•山东临沂)22. Before stamps, people didn’t _____ for the letters they sent, but for the letters they received.A. payB. costC. spendD. take黄冈)37. —I’m sorry, Mr Hu. I _____ my English exercise book at home.—It doesn’t matter. Please remember _____ it here this afternoon.A. forgot; to bringB.left; to takeC.forgot; to takeD.left; to bring(2016·甘肃兰州)29. —How much does the TV________?—No t too much. It’s just a second-handed one?A. costB. spendC. takeD. pay forI can say it in English. 我能用英语把它说出来。
The baby can't speak.这个婴儿不会说话。
speak English说英语常见搭配：talk with/to sb 和某人交谈；talk about sth 谈论某事。
Did you tell her the news?你把这个消息告诉她了吗？She is talking with Lucy in English.她正在用英语和露茜交谈。
山东青岛2】—Do you know why he didn’t ____ a word when he________to?—Because he was to nervous.A. speak ; speaksB. say ; was spoken C . say ；spoke D. speak ; is spoken海南三亚2】—Mom,I am afraid that I can’t get through the hard time We’re havingnow.—My boy,be brave and tell yourself_______ .A.don’t give upB.not to give upC.not give upD.to give up荆州】-Sam,my iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you _______it for me ?-No problem.A bringB fetchC takeD carry【浙江绍兴4】—I’ve left my keys in the meeting room. Please ___them for me.—All right.A. buyB. paintC. washD. fetch【湖北襄阳1】—I’m sorry I left my homework at home.Shall I go and _____ it?—No,you needn’t.Bring it here tomorrow.A.getB.sendC.takeD.pass【四川南充1】—Excuse me,can I____ your pen?—Sorry,I have ____ it to Bob.A.borrow;lentB.borrow;borrowedC.lend;borrowedD.lend;lent【贵州黔西南4】17. I ______ ＄300 for the bike.A. tookB. spentC. costD. paid【甘肃白银】60. It only _______ me half an hour_______ to school every day last term.A. takes; ridingB. spent; to rideC. cost; walkD. took; to walk浙江台州2】22.一Where are you going?一To the library. I've finished reading this book, so I’m going to _______it.A. buyB. throwC. returnD. borrow【山东烟台1】— How long may I ___________ your dictionary?一For one week. But it mustn't ______________ to others.A. keep, be lentB. borrow, lendC. lend, be borrowedD. have, borrow5.watch, look, see，read（）I prefer _____TV to _____books.A. watching；readingB. Reading；watchingC .seeing；watchingD .watching；looking【云南曲靖】I _____ an article about first aid.It’s useful when I have an accident.A.readB.sawC.lookedD.watchedShe looked up and she saw many birds in the sky.她抬头仰望，看见天空中有许多鸟儿。