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英语拆译法改3


定语从句
主从复合句
状语从句 名词性从句
主语从句 宾语从句 表语slation Skills And Methods:
• 基本原则:把主句和从句拆分出来, 找出主干部分和修饰部分。
Signal Words:
• 1.连词:and, or, but, yet, for等并列 连 词 ; when, as, since, until, before, after, where, because, though, although, so that等连接词 连接状语从句。
• 3.选择关系:由or, either...or..., not...but..., or else(否则)连接。 • 4.因果关系:由for, so/so that, therefore(因 此), because等连接。
• 1. 拆译顺承关系并列句 • 这类并列句常用并列连词and(和),not only ... but also... (不但……而且……)等来 连接,这时分句之间是顺承关系或并列关系, and一般不译出来。
• They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all.
• 包含两层意思:“他们根本没有答复”和“不足 为奇的”。 • 他们根本没有答复,这是不足为奇的。 • 副词surprisingly被拆分出来
Exercises:
• We recognize that China's long-term modernization program understandably and necessarily emphasizes economic growth. • 我们认识到,中国的长期现代化计划以发 展经济为重点,这是可以理解的,也是必 要的。(副词)
• His reputation is his own and it ought not be placed in the hands of anyone with power to destroy it, either by neglect or otherwise.
• 荣誉是他个人的,既不应置于任何掌权者手中 任由其去破坏,也不应被忽视或其他怎样。 (and不必译出)
PART 2. Picking Out of Phrases
• 拆译短语是把短语从句子的主干中拆 分出来,或变成短句,或变成独立句 等。 • 名词短语,介词短语,分词短语都可 以拆译成分句。
• Invitingly green Angel Island, once a military installation, contains meandering trails and picnic spots ideal for a day's excursion. • 迷人的天使岛郁郁葱葱,小径蜿蜒,是一日游 的理想野餐场所。但在过去它却是一个军事基 地。(名词短语拆译)
• 2. 拆译转折关系并列句 • 这类并列句常用but(但是;可是),yet(可是; 然而), while (而)等来连接,后面分句与前 面分句之间有意义上的转折关系。
• It is very easy to bring some books from the bookstores and libraries, but to learn the knowledge in the books and put the knowledge into practice is by no means an easy job. • 从书店和图书馆里带一些书回来是轻而易举的。 然而学以致用却绝非易事。(将表转折的并列分 句拆译为一个句子)
• 4. 拆译因果关系并列句 • 这类并列句常用并列连词 so (因此;所以), for (因为)等连接,后面分句与前面分句之间 有因果关系。
• A conflict between the generations——between youth and age——seems the most stupid of all conflicts, for it is one between oneself as one is and oneself as one will be, or between oneself as one was and oneself as one is.
• (二)并列句的类型 • 根据并列连词的不同可分为4类 • 1. 顺承关系:由and, both...and, as well as, not only...but (also), neither...nor等连接。 • 2.转折关系:由but, however(然而), while(然而),still, yet等连接。
• 一代人与另一代人之间的冲突,也就是年轻人 与老年人的冲突,似乎是最愚蠢的。因为这就 是现在与将来的自己,或者是过去与现在的自 己之间的冲突。(将表原因的并列分句拆译为一 个句子)
PART 4. Splitting of Complex Sentence
• 复合句(Complex Sentence),是指含有两 个或者更多的主谓结构的句子,其中一个主谓 结构充当句子的某一成分,如主语、宾语、表 语、状语、同位语等。从句,虽然能表达完整 意思,但是它却是作为另一个句子(主句)的 某成分而存在。
Examples:
• At present, people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply. • 包含两层含义:“目前人们都有一种不偏不倚的 态度”和“因为它安全” • 现在,人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答 问题,因为它安全,不招风险.(名词)
Examples:
• Those who weather adversity well are living proof of the paradoxes of happiness. (Para.4, P3)
• 那些经受住苦难打击的人是有关幸 福悖论的生动例证。
• It turns out that some of the people who have suffered the most, who have been forced to content with shocks they never anticipated and to rethink the meaning of their lives, may have the most to tell us about that profound and intensely fulfilling journey that philosophers used to call the search for "the good life".(Para.5, P4)
拆译法
• 英译汉时,如果应用语法分析和逻辑判断 的手段,对英语语篇加以分析拆解,就能 使译文更加体现汉语“意合”的特点。我 们称这种化整为零的处理方法为“拆译法” (division)。
PART 1. Picking Out of Words
• 拆译单词是指将难译的词从句子主干中拆 离出来,另作处理,这种方法常常引起句 式上的调整。 • 拆词主要拆的是名词,动词,形容词等
• The town boasts a beautiful lake. • 包含两层含义: “美丽的湖”和“自夸” • 镇上有个美丽的湖,人人以此为豪。(动 词)
• He shall be glad of your company on the journey. • 包含了两层意思:“他高兴”和“你陪他一块儿 去” • 如果你能陪他一块去,他会很高兴的。 • 形容词glad被拆分出来
• 3. 拆译选择关系并列句 • 这类并列句常用并列连词or(或者), either … or … (要么……,要么……)等连 接。 • Items like bread, milk and meat were either unavailable or could be obtained only on the black market. • 像面包、牛奶和肉这样的食品要么没有,要么 只有从黑市才能买到。
Exercises:
• She had such kindly, smiling, tender, gentle, generous heart of her own.
• 她心地善良,待人和气,性格温柔,举止高雅, 为人大方。 • The power increased with their number. • 他们人数增多了,力量也随之增强。
THE NINETH TEAM
DIVISION 拆译法
2013-05-21
Contents And Members
Brief Introduction PART 1. Picking Out of Words PART 2. Picking Out of Phrases PART 3. Splitting of Compound Sentence PART 4. Splitting of Complex Sentence PART 5. Splitting of the Whole Sentence Summary 姚渤潮 沈峰 朱登杰 刘巍 陈风 赵阳阳、李状 韩佩芳
• "But we have a lot of small, very disruptive day-in-and-day-out problems on the factory floor," one industrialist said.(P149下面) • 一位实业家说:“在工厂办公楼里,我们面临 许多很小但破坏性却很大的问题,它们日复一 日,无休无止的发生。’’
• She had a sound feeling that idiom was backbone of a language and she was all for the racy phrases. • 包含三层意思:“她的想法完全正确”和“习语 语言的支柱”和“她主张用生动的语言”。 • 她感到习语是语言的支柱,因此特别主张用生动 的短语,她的想法是完全正确的。 • 形容词sound被拆分出来
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