《初中英语单词拼读记忆法》运用开音节和闭音节知识速记单词本章思考题1.举例说明什么是开音节及其读音规则。
2.举例说明什么是闭音节音节及其读音规则。
3.举例说明什么使句子记忆法。
本章学习目标1.熟练掌握开音节和重读闭音节的概念。
2.熟练掌握开音节和重读闭音节的拼读规则。
3.掌握运用开音节和重读闭音节的拼读规则速记单词。
4.学会并养成对单词进行读音规则的分析的习惯。
5.学会拼音四步记忆法的基本方法和技能。
6.熟练掌握句子记忆法的基本原理和方法速记单词。
第一节认识开音节和闭音节一、什么是开音节和闭音节?先做选词填空练习。
用所给词的正确形式填空。
Tom likes ___1___model___2__very much. One morning in June he ___3__ to my home to show me one of his planes___4__I was still sleeping in bed. He knocked at the door and___5__ me up. I___6__ being woken up by others. ___7__to my surprise,I was___8__that I saw ___9__a good plane. I ___10__him a ___11__to exchange for it. The other day I dreamed that he ___12__became an plane-making expert.【答案】1. making 2.planes 3.came 4.while 5.woke 6.Hated 7. But 8.glad 9.such 10.gave11. notebook 12.became【观察与发现一】从拼读记词的角度,观察和分析发音与拼写,发现:came make plane wake while gave hate became中的came、notebook中的note有一个共同特点:都是在元音字母后有一个辅音字母与一个不发音的字母e这就是相对开音节。
符合这种拼读规则的词叫相对开音节词。
这个发音的元音字母发它字母本身的音(即在字母表中的发音)。
还有直接以发音的元音字母构成的音节,如so me 和 by 等等都是,这种音节叫绝对开音。
符合这种拼读规则的词叫绝对开音节词。
字母y 发音和元那个间谍试着在空中放风筝。
开音节的拼读规则是:【观察与发现二】或节的重读音节词,因此叫重读闭音节词。
元音字母后面可能有两个或更多个不同辅音字母,如catch(抓住)字母构成单词,而字母分为元音字母和辅音字母,单词结尾只有两种情况:或者以元音字母结尾或者以辅音字母结尾。
以元音字母结尾的音节叫开音节。
以辅音字母结尾的音节(r 除外)叫闭音节。
【观察与发现三】再读文段,还可以找出一些符合开音节和重读闭音节拼读规则的词。
up by others. But to my surprise,that he became a plane-making expert.下划线的是开音节词,打框的词是闭音节词(本书以下相同)。
根据开音节和重读闭音节拼读规则和单词元音字母的发音,分类记忆,如下表。
说明一:音节分为轻读和重读。
开音节和重读闭音节发音规则只适合于重读音节,音节词至少有一个重读音节,有的还有次重读音节。
如: dictionary字典 dic tion ary等。
非重读音节的拼读规则笔记比较简单;拼音速记法用来记忆重读音节。
说明二:音节的主体是元音字母,辅音字母以各种方式依附于元音字母。
按照音节中元音字母与辅音字母结合的方式,构成六种音节:1.开音节2.闭音节3.-r音节4. -re音节5.字母组合音节(这五种均为重读音节) 6.辅音成音节。
本书逐一专章阐释。
【观察与发现四】分析单词音节、读音及拼读规则示例:分析下列六组单词。
1.cake, date, face, name, page, table,paper,radio2. am, and, apple, back, black, Saturday3. watch, want, what4. after, afternoon, ask, class5. above, across, around, away, banana1.cake, date, face, name, page, table,paper,radio重读音节,而且都是相对开音节词,因此a发的是它的字母名称读音/ei/。
paper, radio和table的第一个音节pa, ra和ta,是绝对开音节,所以,此时a也发其名称音/ei/。
table是一个发音的元音字母+两个辅音字母+不发音的e。
2. am, and, apple, back, black, Saturday时a应该发短元音[æ]。
apple和Saturday,若只看它们的第一音节ap和Sat,那也是重读闭音节,因此a发[æ]。
3. watch, want, what在第3组中,a在/w/后常发短元音[Ɔ],但也有特例,比如:water中的a发的却是长元音[Ɔ:] [ˈwɔ:tə]4. after, afternoon, ask, class第4组里的a在f, n, s, ss前通常发/a:/5. above, across, around, away, banana第5组中的a全是在非重读音节中,此时a主要发[Ə],但有时也发/i/,或干脆不发音;通过以上分析可以发现和总结出元音字母a的主要发音规则。
二运用重读闭音节拼读规则巧记词尾“双写词”根据语法规则,重读闭音节词在词尾变化+-ing、+-ed、+-er、+-est时要双写。
重读闭音节词的词尾是两个辅音中间夹一个元音。
如:sit---sitting begin[bi’ɡin]开始---beginningput---putting swim---swimming请看两个经典例子:forbid[fə’bid]禁止--forbidding (重读闭音节,双写)prohibit [prə’hibit]禁止---prohibiting(重读在第二音节,非重读闭音节,不双写)重读闭音节词表解英语学习方法是“死记活用”,读音拼读可以把“死记”转化为“巧记速记”。
巧记+活用,就能“稳准狠”地“消灭”生词“拦路虎”。
【巧记活用】检查下列句子正误,正确的写T;错误的,下划线并在后面括号中加以改正。
1. Look,they’re plantting trees now.()2. Tom cleanned our classroom yesterday.()3. She is listenning the teacher carefully now.()4. The train is beginning to leave the city.()5. The little boy is playying basketball at the moment.()6. Stop drawing on the wall.()【巧记活用】答案1.Look,they’re plantting trees now.(planting )2.Tom cleanned our classroom yesterday.(cleaned )3.She is listenning the teacher carefully now.(listening )4.The train is beginning to leave the city.(T )5.The little boy is playying basketball at the moment.(playing )6.Stop drawing on the wall.(T )1.一个单词至少有一个音节.2.每个音节都只能有一个元音如 hot,boat,就都只有一个音节. triad[ 'traiəd]就有两个音节因为有两个元音. 根据这个规则, 我们可以说在绝大部分情况下,时可以根据元音来区分的,也就是说有多少个元音,就有多少的音节3.复合词一定会从两个组成的单词中分音节如airplane armchair outside etc4.音节会从连续的两个辅音字母中分开如run-ner,bub-ble, mid-dle.. 例外:ch,tch,ck,ph,sh,th这些组合是不可分开的 5.当英文的结尾有出现"辅音元音辅音 e"或者"元音辅音 e"时,即e不发音的情况下此类的组合,都是一个独立的音节,如in-side, a-lone,etc. 6,当单词里的辅音字母夹在两元音字母中间时如果第一个字母是长元音(如ti-ger)那音节会断在辅音字母的前面,如fi-ber; 而如果第一个元音是短元音时, 音节断在辅音的后面,如sec-ond,sex-y,stud-y(正如楼主提的问题). 又如far-ther ar发的是是长元音 mother 里面的o发的是短元音. 7.prefixes (词首, 前缀)和suffixes后缀通常都是一个音节 un-happy,re-view,happi-ness,etc ---s/es结尾 s结尾: dogs 只有一个音节,因为只有一个字母s出现的情况下只发出一个子音的声音所以不分音节 es结尾: noses :es是个独立的音节 (-ed的同样) 8.当一个词的结尾是-le,-el,-al时, 加上这些前面的辅音凑成一个音节 ta-ble lit-tle a-ble ap-ple le-galGood 1010-11原文地址:英语26个字母及字母组合发音规律作者:朱杰巴㈠26个字母发音规律a①/ei/ name able cake table take date②/æ/ apple cat map am match matter sad and angry③/α: / dance last pass plant④/כ / want what watch washb/b/ book big bag boxc①/k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes②/s/ face nice pencil city cinemad/d/ desk doll dog dad day don’t dish does deepe①/i:/ he she me evening meter②/e/ elephant egg bed pen best get empty Feb. next then send③/i/ enjoy English eleven because forestf /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funny g①/ɡ/ gun glass glad go get②/dз / age orange villageh/h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospital i①/ai / fine bike five ice climber hiking kind②/i/ is sit miss pig picture interesting ill dinner him listen pick river j/dз/ jeep jacket jump Jan. July Junek/k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake likel ①/l/ leg left ruler flag lamp longer relax play②/l/ app le bowl tell old tail whalem /m/ am map my mouth milkn①/n/ no know new hand②/ŋ/ thank think thing uncle swingo①/əu / old home nose coke tomato tofu over hold piano②/כ/ dog not clock box robot on from forest often stop③/Λ / son month mother love young④/u:/ who do whosep/p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policemanq/kw/ quite quilt quickr/r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirror library s①/s/ sit miss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass ②/z/ nose those rose rulers seasont /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plantu①/ju: / use usually excuse menu②/Λ / bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must③/ u / put pull helpfulv /v/ five vapour very seven village livew /w/ we window watch want wait water Wednesday winter with x/ks/ box six fox relaxy①/ai / my fly why bye②/ j / yes yellow young yesterday③/ i / happy baby very windy snowy studyz / z / zoo zero㈡元音组合1. ai/ei/ wait paintay/ei/ may play day sayair/εə / air hair chairal/כ:/ tall small ballar/α:/ farther farm car arm garden hardly party2. ea①/i:/ meat please tea read cleaner east easy leaf season②/e/ head bread ready③/iə / theater④/ei / gr eatear①/iə/ ear hear near②/εə/ bear③/ ə: / earth learnee/i:/ meet see bee feet jeep seed weekend sweet sweepeir/εə/ theirer ①/ə/ worker teacher November later②/ə:/ herere①/iə/ here②/εə / where thereew ①/ju: / ne w few②/u: / flew grew3. igh/ai / right high brightir/ə: / bird girl shirt thirty third4. oa/əu / boat coat road goatong / כŋ/ long songoo ①/u/ book foot good look②/u:/ moon balloonor①/כ:/ short fork pork north②/ə:/ word world workoor/כ:/ door floorore/כ:/more store soreou/au/ out house mouth cloud south bounce our①/כ:/ four your②/auə / ourow①/əu/ bowl window know row②/au/ now cow flower down howoy/כi/ boy toy5. ur/ə:/ turn㈢辅音组合①②③④⑤th①/θ/ thank mouth thin think twelfth②/ð/ this that with togethertr /tr/ tree train tripdr/dr/ dress driversh/∫/ shirt wash short ship shine shop show fresh ch①/t∫/ child chair catch teach watch②/k/ school Christmastw /tw/ two twin twentywh①/w/ white wheel what②/h/ who whose whomts/ts/ jackets kitesds /dz/ birds friend。