• 2、你很难说服他不去逛街。 You are difficult to persuade him out of going shopping. ( F ) It is difficult for you to persuade him out of going shopping. ( T ) • 但是我们可以说：English is difficult to learn for some people.
• 医生建议他每天喝两杯牛奶。 The doctor suggest that he drinks two glass of milk every day. (F) The doctor suggests that he (should) drink two glasses of milk every day. (T)
• 2、从这一角度看，情况似乎没那么令人失望。 Looking at in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing. (F) Looked at in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing. (T)
• 3、我开始学英语到现在已有十年了。 I have begun to learn English for ten years. (F) It has been ten years since I began to learn English. (T)
• 4、这本杂志我可以借多久？ How long can I borrow this magazine? (F) How long can I keep this magazine? (T) • (borrow 是一个表示瞬间短暂行为的动作动词， 当然不能与how long 连用。)
• 下面通过英汉语法的对比来看英语语法的特 点
英汉语法对比
• 一、 汉语中有很多无主语句子或省略主语的 句子，在用英语表达时，须补出主语（祈使 句的情形例外）。如：
• 1、暑假过得很开心 The summer vacation is happy. (F) We/They had a good time in the summer vacation. (T)
• 英语中名、形、副、动、数词等均有词形变 化，其中以动词的形式变化最多，看下例：
• 1、西瓜切成了八等份。 The watermelon divides into eight equal shares. (F) The watermelon is divided into eight equal shares. (T)
• 2、史密斯先生双目失明。 Mr Smith’s eyes are blind. (F) Mr Smith is blind in both eyes. ( T )
• 三、汉语中的一些句子以生物即人作主语， 但受表语形容词的制约，在英语中不可以人 为主语。如：
• 1、你方便的话，请在六点钟来。 Please come at six if you are convenient. (F) Please come at six if it is convenient to you. (T)
• 3、考试没过别泄气。
Don’t lose heart if you don’t pass the exam. （翻译时在从句中要补充出主语you.）
• 二、汉语中有很多无生物名词作主语，但在 英语中要改用生物即人作主语。如： • 1、你的英语真棒。 Your English is excellent. (F) You are excellent in English. ( T )
• 5、父亲直到半夜才睡觉。 Father went to bed until midnight. (F) Father didn’t go to bed until midnight. Or: Father stayed up until midnight. (T)
• 六、在汉语中，词形没有变化；在英语中却 有丰富的词形变化。如：
• 五、汉语中及物动语 中却有严格区别和固定的用法模式。如：
• 1、他与她结婚了。
He married with her. (with 是多余的)
• 2、凡是党和人民所要求的，我一定做到。 I’ll do what the Party and the people require me. ( 译句中require 后须加 of。)
• 四、汉语中有大量的无谓语动词句子，但英 语是一种以动词为中心的语言，每个句子几 乎都少不了谓语动词（省略句除外）。如：
• 1、这本书值得一读。 The book worth reading. ( F ) The book is worth reading. (T )
• 2、我父母每天都很忙。 My parents very busy every day. ( F ) My parents are very busy every day. ( T )
(上面的这个汉语句子实际上没有主语，“暑假”在 句中是状语。译成英语时须加主语We/They/He/I 等。)
• 2、天气糟透了。整天刮大风下大雨的。 The weather was so bad. It blew hard and rained heavily all the day. （翻译时必须补出主语It。）