翻译技巧之：增译法（amplification）
英译汉的增译
增加主语，主句，名词，动词，表时态的词，语气助词，形容词，副词，量词等
What about calling him right away?
马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？（增译主语和谓语）
If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations.
要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！（增译主句）
Indeed, the reverse is true
实际情况恰好相反。
（增译名词）
增加动词
根据语法上的需要，可以在名词前后增加动词，使句子意义明确，符合汉语习惯。
Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man.
读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确。
After the football match, he still has an important meeting.
在观看足球比赛之后，他有一个重要会议去参加。
He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.
他没有致闭幕词就宣布结束会议。
英语中多用名词介词，在转换成符合汉语习惯的动词时，往往需要加词。
They had been through it all at his side --- the bruising battles, the humiliations of the defeat…. Through empty mid-1960s ---- until at last, in 1968, they were able to savor the sweet taste of triumph.
他们始终站在他的一边，经历过残酷的厮杀，忍受过辛酸的失败，熬过了一事无成的六十年代中期，好不容易挨到一九六八年，他们才尝到了胜利的甜头。
增加表示时态的词
I had never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was.
以往我从未想过，当我发觉人们认为我是无足轻重时，我会感到高兴。
但这次情况确是如此。
The high-altitude plane was and still a remarkable bird.
该高空飞机过去是，现在仍然是一种了不起的飞机。
The old man said, “ they say his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.”
老人说，“听人说，从前他爸爸是个打鱼的。
他过去也许和我们现在一样穷。
”
增加语气助词
Don’t take it seriously. I’m just having a j oke with you.
不要认真嘛！我不过是开开玩笑罢了。
As for me, I didn’t agree from the very beginning.
我呢，从一开始就不赞成。
Their host carved, poured, served, cut bread, talked, laughed, proposed health.
他们的主人，又是割呀，倒呀，服务呀，切面包呀，谈啊，笑啊，敬酒啊，忙个不停。
增加量词
A bike 一辆自行车 a typewriter 一架打字机
A mouth 一张嘴 a full moon 一轮满月
A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea.
一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。
Into the dim clouds was swimming a crescent moon.
一钩新月渐渐隐没在淡淡的云彩里去了。
Once, they had a quarrel.
有一次，他们争吵了一番。
He gave her a sly look.
他狡猾地看了她一眼。
二意义上的需要
被增加的范畴名词大多表示思想、品质等抽象概念。
1.增加形容词、副词
O, Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and misery, what sight is this!
啊，汤姆•康地，坐在破烂、肮脏和苦难中，现在这番景象却是多么地煊赫呀！
“Army will make a man of him”, said his father.
他的父亲说：“军队会把他造就成为一个堂堂的男子汉。
”
The crowd melted away.人群渐渐散开了。
She lingered long over his letter.她反反复复地回味着他的来信。
They were, in fact, very fine ladies; not deficient in good-humor when they were pleased, nor in the power of being agreeable when they chose it; but proud and conceited.
事实上，她们都是非常好的小姐；她们并不是不会谈笑风生，问题是要碰到她们高兴的时候；她们也不是不会待人和颜悦色，问题在于她们是否乐意这样做；可惜的是，她们一味骄傲自
大。
2.增加名词
Day after day he came to his work---sweeping, scrubbing and cleaning.
他每天来干活——扫地，擦地板，收拾房间。
This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine.
这部打字机真是物美价廉。
He is a complicated man---moody, mercurial, with a melancholy streak.
他是一个性格复杂的人——喜怒无常，反复多变，有些犹豫寡欢。
The development of economy remains one of the priorities of the Chinese government.
发展经济仍然是中国政府的首要课题之一。
Flowers bloom all over the yard.
朵朵鲜花开满了庭院。
Newsmen went flying off to Mexico.
记者纷纷飞到墨西哥去了。
The lion is the king of animals.
狮是百兽之王。
Seeing is believing.
百闻不如一见。
/眼见为实。
We were all greatly moved by his loftiness.
我们都被他那种崇高品质所深深感染。
He felt the patriot rise within his breast.
他感到一种爱国热情在胸中激荡。
He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty.
他让法官的职责战胜了父子的私情，判决他的儿子有罪。
汉译英的增译
汉译英增加连词，代词，介词，冠词，注释性词语
如：就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。
Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.（增译物主代词）只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。
While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. （增译连词）
这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。
This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.（增译介词）
在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。
In the field of human rights, China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.（增译暗含词语）
三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。
Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.（增译注释性词语）
不要班门弄斧
Don’t show off your skill with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter.（增译注释性词语）。