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参考文献
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 Davis M E. Ordered porous materials for emerging applications. Nature, 2002, 417: 813–821 2 Morris R E, Wheatley P S. Gas storage in nanoporous materials. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2008, 47(27): 4699–4781 3 Weder C. Hole control in microporous polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2008, 47(3): 448–450 4 Jiang J X, Su F, Trewin A, et al. Synthetic control of the pore dimension and surface area in conjugated microporous polymer and copolymer networks. J Am Chem Soc, 2008, 130(24): 7710–7720 6 Germain J, Fré chet J M J, Svec F. Nanoporous polymers for hydrogen storage. Small, 2009, 5(10): 1098–1111 7 Ahn J H, Jang J E, Oh C G, et al. Rapid generation and control of microporosity, bimodal pore size distribution, and surface area in davankov-type hyper-cross-linked resins. Macromolecules, 2006, 39(2): 627–632 8 Lee J Y, Wood C D, Bradshaw D, et al. Hydrogen adsorption in microporous hypercrosslinked polymers. Chem Commun, 2006, 42(25): 2670–2672 9 Germain J, Hradil J, Fré chet J M J, et al. High surface area nanoporous polymers for reversible hydrogen storage. Chem Mater, 2006, 18(18):4430–4435 10 Wood C D, Tan B, Trewin A, et al. Hydrogen storage in microporous hypercrosslinked polymer networks. Chem Mater, 2007, 19(8): 2034-2048 11 Yuan S, Kirklin S, Dorney B, et al. Nanoporous polymers containing stereocontorted cores for hydrogen storage. Macromolecules, 2009,42(5): 1554-1559 12 McKeown N B, Budd P M, Msayib K J, et al. Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs): Bridging the void between microporous and polymeric materials. Chem Eur J, 2005, 11(9): 2610–2620 13 Ghanem B S, Hohammed M, Harris K D M, et al. Triptycene-based polymer of intrinsic microposity: Organic materials that can be tailored for gas adsorption. Macromolecules, 2010, 43(12): 5287–5294 14 Budd P M, Elabas E S, Ghanem B S, et al. Solution-processed,organophilic membrane derived from a polymer of intrinsic microporosity. Adv Mater, 2004, 16(5): 456–459 15 Ghanem B S, McKeown N B, Budd P M, et al. High-performance membranes from polyimides with intrinsic microporosity. Adv Mater, 2008, 20(14): 2766–2771 16 Weber J, Su Q, Antonietti M, et al. Exploring polymers of intrinsic microporosity-microporous, soluble polyamide and polyimide. Macromol Rapid Commun, 2007, 28(18-19): 1871–1876 17 Weber J, Antonietti M, Thomas A. Microporous networks of high-performance polymers elastic deformations and gas sorption properties. Macromolecules, 2008, 41(8): 2880–2885 18 Hasell T, Wood C D, Clowes R, et al. Palladium nanoparticle incorporation in conjugated microporous polymers by supercritical fluid processing. Chem Mater, 2010, 22(2): 557-564 19 McKeown N B, Budd P M. Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs): Organic materials for membrane separations, heterogeneous catalysis and hydrogen storage. Chem Soc Rev, 2006, 35(8): 675683 20 Jiang J X, Su F, Trewin A, et al. Conjugated microporous poly(aryleneethynylene) networks. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2007, 46(45): 8574–8578 21 Weber J, Thomas A. Toward stable interfaces in conjugated polymers microporous poly(p-phenylene) and poly(phenyleneethynylene) based on a spirobifluorene building block. J Am Chem Soc, 2008, 130(20): 6334–6335 22 Jiang J X, Su F, Niu H, et al. Conjugated microporous poly(phenylene butadiynylene)s. Chem Commun, 2008, 44(4): 486–488 23 Rose M, Bö hlmann W, Saboa M, et al. Element-organic frameworks with high permanent porosity. Chem Commun, 2008, 44(21): 25 24 Dawson R, Su F, Niu H, et al. Mesoporous poly(phenylenevinylene) networks. Macromolecules, 2008, 41(5): 1591–1593
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超交联聚合物（HCPs）
• 两种制备方法： • 1、以氯甲基苯乙烯为单体交联得前体，再经傅-克反应得到； • 2、二氯甲苯(DCX)、4, 4‘-二氯甲基-1, 1’-联苯(BCMBP)和二氯甲 基蒽(BCMA)等，双基团的芳环类化合物直接缩聚得到.
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超交联聚合物（HCPs）
具有很好的微孔体积 和大的干态比表面积
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超交联聚合物（HCPs）
• 超交联聚合物（HCPs）具有空间堆砌的刚性苯环结构，能表现出稳 定的高比表面性能。 • “超交联”泛指在制备微孔聚合物中采用的以傅-克反应进行的交联。 • 首先,在溶液中使高分子链溶解或者溶胀使其分散，通过外部的交联 剂使其完全交联，最后当刚性的交联剂使高分子链分离得到具有永 久性孔结构的材料后干燥除去溶剂。当提取溶剂后,聚合物链因失去 溶剂而收缩,连接刚性芳环的亚甲基桥键倾向于限制此过程的发生。 当二者达到平衡时，可形成微孔材料。
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共价有机骨架聚合物（COFs）
• 最常用的共价有机框架材料的合成方法是利用多 硼酸与多羟基化合物形成硼酸酯连接的自组装材 料。由于硼酸酯形成的共价键具有可逆的特性,这 样的自组装过程就可以通过高度有序的方式进行， 即通过一个简单的脱水过程而不需要加入额外的 催化剂或者其它试剂。
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共价有机骨架聚合物（COFs）
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共轭微孔聚合物（CMPs）
• 共轭微孔聚合物CMPs，在气体吸附、电子 和电致荧光方面的性质，具有很大的研究 前景。 • CMPs结构中π-π键在芳香基团之间周期性排 列，通过改变刚性有机链接单元可调控孔 径和比表面积。具有精确可调控的微孔， 大的比表面积，高度稳定性，可由多种反 应制备,是最具应用潜力的一类MOPs。
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前景展望