定语从句定语从句的构成：两个简单句： A man is standing there.The man is my brother.= is my brother.先行词：行，走路的意思。

先行词就是放在从句前面的词，但是本身为定语从句中的一部分。

所以先行词在从句中作什么成分从句中就用什么样的引导词。

关系词：代替先行词承担从句中的句子成分，放在句首引导从句，所以也叫引导词。

1.关系代词：在从句里代替先行词充当__________、__________、__________关系词的种类：2.关系副词：在从句里代替先行词充当___________关系词的作用：① 代替前面的先行词在从句中充当一定的成分 ② 把两个句子连起来一、关系代词：注意：⑴、当先行词在从句中作宾语的时候可以省略引导词把下列两个简单句合成一个主从复合句1.He wants to see the man. + The man is in Shanghai.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________2.I have a sister. + She works in Hebei.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________3.This is the man. The police are looking for the man.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________4.Do you know the girl? + Her mother works here.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________5.I live in a room. + Its door faces south.①________________________________________________________________②________________________________________________________________⑵先行词做宾语时who与whom的区别一般情况下不进行区分，除非是紧跟在介词之后1.This is the man. The police are looking for him.→This is the man (who/whom/that ) the police are looking for.【who/whom/that可以省略】其中介词for可以提前→This is the man for whom the police are looking.介词在引导词前面只能用whom, 而且不能省略，因为介词之后只能接宾格注：that不能放在介词之后2.John is the driver. We talked about him.→John is the driver _________________ we talked about.→John is the driver about __________ we talked.二、关系副词：把下列两个简单句合成一个主从复合句This is the house. + I was born in the house.→___________________________________________________________________→___________________________________________________________________→___________________________________________________________________对比：This is the house. The house was built 10 years ago.→______________________________________________________________________ 总结：__________________________________________________________________ We will never forget the day. + We will hold the Olympic Games on the day.→______________________________________________________________________ →______________________________________________________________________ 对比：I will never forget the day . I spent the day with you last year.→______________________________________________________________________ →______________________________________________________________________ 总结：__________________________________________________________________ I don’t know the reason. + He left here for the reason.→______________________________________________________________________ →______________________________________________________________________ I don’t know the reason. He has told others the reason.→______________________________________________________________________ 总结：__________________________________________________________________ 介词加which可以等于when、where或whyThis was a terrible war. + Many people were killed in the war.→①This was a terrible war. + Many people were killed in ________.→②___________________________________________________________________ →③___________________________________________________________________ It is the largest farm in my hometown. A monument stands on the farm.→①It is the largest farm in my hometown. A monument stands on________.→②___________________________________________________________________ →③___________________________________________________________________ The police soon arrived at the scene(现场). There was a man lying at the scene.→①The police soon arrived at the scene(现场). There was a man lying at ________.→②___________________________________________________________________ →③___________________________________________________________________总结：where=介词+which，介词是由___________________ 所决定的。

February is a month. There are usually 28 days in a month.→①February is a month. There are usually 28 days in ________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________Every Chinese knows October 1st. New China was founded on October 1st.→①Every Chinese knows October 1st. New China was founded on ________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________I want to know the time. The bus leaves at the time.→①I want to know the time. The bus leaves at ________.→②___________________________________________________________________→③___________________________________________________________________总结：when=介词+which，介词是由___________________ 所决定的。