高考英语必背知识点总结归纳【篇一】高考英语必背知识点总结归纳被动语态概述被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.被动语态的构成被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。
几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：1.一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.2.一般过去时was/were+过去分词例如：These trees were planted the year before last.3.一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.4.现在进行时am/is/are+being+过去分词例如：Your radio is being repaired now.5.过去进行时was/were+being+过去分词When he got there,the problem was being discussed.6.现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词His work has been finished.Has his work been finished? Yes,it has./No,it hasn’t.7.过去完成时had+been+过去分词注意：1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get,stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。
例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.2.含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+be+过去分词”结构。
例如：More attention should be paid to the old in this country.This work can’t be done until Mr.Black es.3.含有“be going to”,“be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to+be+过去分词”和“be to+be+过去分词”。
例如：The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.All these books are to be taken to the library.4.被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。
被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。
前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。
例如：The map was changed by someone.(被动结构)That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构)系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。
例如：He was very excited.(系表结构)He was much excited by her words.(被动结构)5.主动形式表被动意义。
有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如open,read,sell,shut,wash,wear,write等。
此时句子的主语一般是物。
例如：These books sell well.这些书很畅销。
The door won’t shut.这门关不上。
The clothes wash well.这些衣服很好洗。
【篇二】高考英语必背知识点总结归纳1情态动词与助动词1、can能，可以，表说话人同意，许可还可表客观条件许可，如:You can go now.提建议或请求时可用can I, can you表客气，如Can I buy you a drink?can和be able to表能力时的区别。
can表一般具有的能力，be able to表在特定条件下的能力，如:Although the driver was badly hurt,he wasable to explain what had happened.2、may(1)可以，表说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。
You may go.(2)(现在和将来)可能，也许，只用于肯定句和否定句中，如He may not be right.3、must,have tomust表主观上的必须，have to表客观上的必须，如:It"s getting late. I have to go. -Must I go now.-Yes,you must.(No, you needn"t./ No, you don"t have to.)4、need,dare这二词有实意动词和情态动词两种词性，如用作实意动词后接动词不定式to do，如用作情态动词后接动词原形。
Need I go now? --Yes, you must./No, you needn"t.)5、shall用于第一人称疑问句中表说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求，如，Shall we begin our lesson?用于二、三人称陈述句，表说话人命令、警告、允诺、威胁等口吻，如: You shall fail if you don"t workharder.6、should表应该，意为有责任，有义务。
如:We should try our best to make our country more beautiful.7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、安心、打算，如"Will you lend me your book?" "Yes, I will."8、should have done表应该做而未做must have done表对过去事实的肯定推测could have done表本可以做某事9、判断句：肯定句用must, 否定句用can"t,不太肯定用may,mightHe must be in the office now.He must have gone to bed, for the light is out.He can"t be in the office. He is at home.He couldn"t have cleaned the classroom, because he didn"t e here today.He might be in the office, I am not sure.He might have cleaned the room, I suppose.2让步状语从句1、though,although,as的区别A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet, still, nevertheless,但不可使用but。
B、though引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装;as引导的从句必须倒装;although引导的从句不能倒装。
其结构为：形容词/分词/副词/动词原形/名词(无冠词)+as/though+主语+谓语……2、though可用作副词，放在句末，意为“不过，但是”。
Although无此用法。
3、某些短语也引导让步的从句或短语，意为“尽管”，如：in spite of the fact that, despite the factthat,regardless of(the fact that)句子种类1、陈述句的否定(1)在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的谓语动词是think, expect, believe, suppose, guess, fancy,imagine 等，且主句主语是第一人称时，宾语从句谓语的否定习惯上要移到主句谓语上，如: I don"t think he is right.(2)含有否定意义的副词never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely的句子应视为否定句，如: I have never been there before.2、反意疑问句(1)need和dare 既可作情态动词，又可作实意动词，在反问部分须加以区别，如We needn"t leave, need we? We don"t need to leave, do we?(2)陈述部分出现否定意义的副词或代词如never, seldom, few, hardly, little等时，反问部分须用肯定形式，如：He seldom es, does he?(3)陈述部分用不定代词作主语时，反问部分的主语用it ，如：Nothing can stop me, can it?陈述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone，等作主语时，反问部分常用it，有时也用they，如:Everybody knows that, don"t they?(4)陈述部分包括used to 时，反问部分可有两种形式，如: You used to get up early, usedn"t (didn"t) you?(5)陈述部分是"there + be"结构时，反问部分用there，如:There"s something wrong with you, isn"t there?(6)陈述部分是含有宾语从句的主从复合句时，反问部分的主语和谓语应和主句保持一致，如: He never told others what he thought, did he?但，如果是I think , I believe等+宾语从句时，反问部分须和从句的动词保持一致，如，I don"t think he is right, is he? I don"t believe he does that, does he?3、感叹句用what或how,What a beautiful park it is.How beautiful a park it is.How beautiful the park is.How we worked!4、祈使句Take care!Don"t stand there.Please open the door for the old lady.3不定式的构成1、不定式的一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。