1.几乎：approximately= nearly= almost=about=around比例：proportion= percentage= percent=rate=ratio开采完，耗尽：deplete= exhaust= exploit= run out of错综复杂的：complex= complicated= sophisticated= intricate2.significant=enormous=dramatic=tremendous=remarkable=crucial=substantial=apprec iably巨大的，明显的一成不变的：rigid=stiff=unchanged=invariable交换，转换：exchange=swap=alter=shift…from…3.致命的：deadly= fatal= lethal= mortal兴旺，繁荣：prosperous= thriving= booming= flourishing环境：circumstance= surroundings= environment= background隔绝，孤立：isolate= alienate= insulate替代物：substitution= alternative创新的：inventive= creative= ingenious= revolutionary4.模棱两可的：ambiguous= obscure= vague缺乏的，短缺的：inadequate= deficient= be lack of= be shortage of对...怀疑：skeptical= dubious= suspicious矛盾的：contradictory= opposing= conflicting= incongruous加速：accelerate= speed up= hasten= step up5.次要的：peripheral= marginal= fringe= insignificant提高效率/生产率：create/ gain efficiently= increase productivity贫穷的，落后的：in poverty= impoverished与...有关连：associate with= link to= relate to= combine with加强：improve= enhance= promote= boost= strengthen中立的：neutral否定的，消极的：negative积极的，肯定的：positive6.缺点，缺陷：drawback= fault= defect= imperfection= flaw= shortcoming= weakness 令人困惑的：bewildering= puzzling= perplexing= confusing= baffling残疾的：handicap= disabled不令人满意的：unsatisfactory= hardly be looked upon标准：caliber= criterion= standard= specification7.相似的：be alike/ be similar to= be resemble in= be identical to障碍：barrier= hurdle= obstacle解决问题：address= solve= resolve= cope with= deal with= tackle the problem强调，重视：emphasize= stress= highlight= focus on= concentrate on= pay attentionto显而易见地：apparently= patently= obviously= evidently= clearly8.岩浆：molten rock= lava= magma恶化：degenerate= degrade= deteriorate下定决心：make up one’s mind= be determined to do证明：indicate= demonstrate= display= exhibit= illustrate考虑到：in terms of= concerning= considering= with regard to下降的趋势：reduced= declined= downward trend9.学院的，学术的：academic= scholastic= scholarly= literary陪伴，陪同：accompany= escort= convoy= go with= follow适应，适合：adapt= adjust= fit= suit影响：affect= influence= impress= move= touch代理人：agent= representative= deputy10.改变，改动：alter= change= modify= convert= shift预期，期望：anticipate= expect= foresee= forecast= predict适当的，恰当的：appropriate= proper= fit= suitable= relevant出现，升起：arise= rise= ascend= emerge= appear安排，整理，布置：arrange= prepare= plan= organize= array= order 11.人造的，人工的：artificial= man-made= fake= synthetic= unreal估计，评定：assess= estimate= evaluate= weigh分配，指派：assign= appoint= distribute= allot= allocate帮助，促进：assist= help= aid使发生联系：associate= ally= unite= combine= join= connect12.权利，权威：authority= government= power= might可用的，可得到的：available= profitable= serviceable= useful奖品，授予：award= prize= grant= bestow= confer树枝，分支，分科：branch= limb= stick= section= department= division 品种：breed= kind= type= species招致，引起：breed= bear= produce= cause= lead to生育，繁殖，饲养，培养：breed= raise= rear= educate= instruct13.预算：budget= estimate= governmental恐吓：bully= browbeat= hector= overbear爆炸：burst= explode= blow up= break= crack运动，战役：campaign= drive= movement容量，体积：capacity= volume= magnitude才能，能力：capacity= power= ability= talent= aptitude= competence 投，掷，扔：cast= fling= throw= hurl铸件：cast= mould= form14.偶然的，碰巧的，临时的：casual= occasional= accidental= incident= random= temporary仁慈：charity= kindness= benevolence= humanity慢性的，长期的：chronic= persistent环境，条件：circumstance= conditions= surroundings= environment= situation同事：colleague= partner= associate= fellow组成，部件：component= element= constituent= ingredient15.复合物，化合物：compound= mixture= combination= synthesis核心，要点：core= key= center= heart= focus= kernel不管，尽管：despite= in spite of轻蔑，鄙视：despite= hatred= dislike= scorn纪律：discipline= rule= regulation= drill= punishment消灭，除去：eliminate= remove= exclude= wipe out= discharge危及，使陷入危险：endanger= harm= menace= hurt提高，加强：enhance= intensify= strengthen= heighten16.事业，公司：enterprise= adventure= venture= ambition= company= firm= business 终于，最后：eventually= at last= finally= ultimately= in the end超过，超越：exceed= surpass= excel= overtake使变大，扩大，扩张：expand= enlarge= extend= amplify= increase= stretch= spread= unfold暴露，显露，揭露：expose= disclose= confront= reveal= uncover延长，延伸，扩展：extend= stretch= lengthen= prolong外面的，外部的，表面的：external= exterior= outer= outside17.最新：能力，才能：faculty= ability= aptitude= capability= talent搜查，查找：forage= grope= search= rummage易碎的，脆的：fragile= crisp= brittle= delicate= weak= breakable货物，货运：freight= cargo= load= shipment基本的，重要的：fundamental= primary= basic= essential= principal= original产生，引起，导致：generate= produce= lead to= result in巨大的：giant= huge= enormous= tremendous= colossal= gigantic18.准许，答应给予：grant= present= give= allow总的：gross= total= whole= entire= all保证：guarantee= promise= assurance= ensure= assure不顾，忽视：ignore= overlook= neglect= disregard强迫，强加：impose= force= burden刺激，激励：incentive= motive= spur= stimulus19.建立，着手：institute= establish= set up= found= organize协会，学院：institute= association= society= college发动，发射：launch= emit= send= initiate= develop保持，继续：maintain= continue= keep= preserve= retain支持，主张：maintain= assert= insist= support（总称）人员，员工：personnel= staff= crew= employees假定，前提：premise= assumption= supposition20.被捕食的动物：prey= victim财产，资产：property= belongings= possession= asset性质，特性：property= feature= quality表现，描绘，代表，象征：represent= stand for= illustrate= portray= describe竞争对手：rival= enemy= competitor= opponent= challenger路途，路线：route= way= road= path= course国王的，庄严的，高贵的：royal= imperial= princely= kingly= stately= splendid 21.计划表，日程表：schedule= timetable= agenda= plan将（飞机，火车等）列入时刻表：schedule= book= arrange= program计划，方案：scheme= plan= design= program= project研讨班，研讨小组：seminar= meeting= discussion= conference= convention物种，种类：species= breed= category= variety= sort= kind= type标本，样本：specimen= sample（植物的）茎，（树木的）干：stem= stalk= trunk堵住（液体），止住：stem= stop= restrain22.增补，补充：supplement= addition= complement天赋，才能：talent= ability= faculty= gift= genius= aptitude暂时的，临时的：temporal= transient= short= brief= momentary= temporary极好的，极大的：tremendous= immense= huge= enormous= vast= excellent= wonderful= splendid加快，加速，促进：accelerate= quicken= expedite= promote= stimulate达成（目标），完成：accomplish= finish= complete= attain= fulfill(使)弯曲，拐弯处：bend= bow= curve= twist卓越的，光辉灿烂的：brilliant= splendid= outstanding= excellent= prominent= glorious= bright= shining= radiant23.秘密的，机密的：confidential= secret= private表示信任的：confidential= trustful= intimate争执，冲突：conflict= struggle= clash= discord剥夺，使丧失：deprive= bereave= rob= strip= dispossess捐赠，馈赠：donate= bestow= present= contribute= gift草稿，草案：draft= sketch= drawing= outline欠缺，缺点：drawback= shortcoming= defect24.功绩，技艺：feat= achievement小说：fiction= novel= story=tale促进，助长，培养：foster= promote= advance= stimulate= cultivate养育，照顾：foster= nourish= raise= bring up= nurse不合法的，非法的：illegal= unlawful= lawless= illicit说明，阐明：illustration= explanation= interpretation例证，插图：illustration= example= case= chart= map= diagram= graph25.内部的，内地的：interior= inner= inside= inland= internal= domestic标准，规范：norm= criterion= standard= code= specification许可，准许，允许，同意：permission= admission= certification= authorization= agree 磨光，擦亮：polish= brighten= refine继续前进，继续进行：proceed= continue= advance延长（时间），使延伸：prolong= lengthen= extend26.薪水，收入：salary= wage= pay= earnings= income屏幕，屏风：screen= cover部门：sector= region= department安全的，受保护的：secure= safe= sound连续，顺序：sequence= series= succession= procession浅的，肤浅的：shallow= superficial使粉碎：shatter= crash= smash= mince草图，速写：sketch= drawing= draft= outline27.高涨，猛涨：soar= mount= rise= increase= skyrocket复杂的，精密的：sophisticated= complex= complicated= worldly节省，抽出时间：spare= save= set aside= put apart多余的，空闲的：spare= extra= surplus= additional拉力，张力，拉紧，绷紧：strain= tension= stretch用线串起来：string= chain= rope= queue屈从：submit= comply= surrender= yield后来的：subsequent= later= successive= succeeding最新:28.领土，版图，范围：territory= area= land= scope= field= range= dimension擦去：wipe= rub= clean= wash= dry消灭：wipe= eradicate小册子，介绍手册：brochure= booklet= pamphlet= leaflet雕刻：carve= engrave= grave引用，引证：cite= quote= instance宣言，声明：declaration= announcement= publication= proclamation= statement= affirmation装饰，装潢：decorate= adorn= beautify= ornament= trim29.指出，指明：designate= show= denominate= indicate= specify目标，终点：destination= goal= objective= aim= target丢弃，遗弃：discard= reject= abandon= desert= give up= get rid of 不同的，独特的：distinct= different= dissimilar清楚的，明显的：distinct= definite= obvious= evident= apparent30.遭遇，遇到，遇见：encounter= meet= confront= run into远征，探险，考察：expedition= excursion= march= voyage奇怪的，怪诞的：fantastic= strange= odd= grotesque疲劳，劳累：fatigue= weariness= tiredness= weary= tire= exhaust 结冰，凝固，冰冻：freeze= chill= congeal= halt31.小屋：hut= cottage= cabin概念，观念，想法：notion= concept= idea= opinion操作的，运行的：operational= functioning相反，相对，反对：opposition= objection= disapproval花费，开支，费用：outlay= expense包裹：package= parcel= luggage= bag32.有生产能力的，多产的：productive= fertile= fruitful= plentiful前途，希望：prospect= expectation= foresight漫步，漫游，随便走：roam= wander= stroll航行：sail= cruise= journey= navigate纯粹的：sheer= pure= entire陡峭的，险峻的：sheer= steep寂静的，无声的：silent= soundless= still= placid= tranquil足球：soccer= football33.指明，表明：specify= articulate= clarify裂开，分开：split= bisect= cleave= crack= hack= separate喷雾，水花：spray= shower= splash使挨饿：starve= hunger= famish= thirst猛冲，激增：surge= wave= billow= gush支撑，维持：sustain= bear= maintain= support对付，处理：tackle= undertake= deal with= cope with= handle轻拍：tap= knock= pat= touch= strike含蓄的，潜在的：underlying= implicit= latent= implied (imply)附近，邻近：vicinity= neighborhood= nearness(near+ness)滥用：abuse= misuse= misemploy= misapply辱骂，咒骂：abuse= slander= defame= insult虐待：abuse= mistreat承认：admit= allow= acknowledge= concede提倡，拥护：advocate= support= propose= uphold= plead for35.侵犯，侵略：aggression= attack= invasion= assault= offence疾病：ailment= disease= illness闹钟，警报：alarm= terror= fright= intimidation使惊恐，使担心：alarm= terrify= frighten= intimidate= scare= startle充分的，充裕的：ample= enough= plentiful= abundant宽阔的，广大的：ample= spacious= extensive36.焦虑，担心：anxiety= worry= concern= care渴望，热望：anxiety= desire= eagerness= longing禁止，禁令，取缔：ban= prohibit= forbid= bar增强，提高，促进，激励：boost= promotion= increase= raise= advance刹车，制动：brake= check= halt= stop谨慎的，小心的：cautious= careful= wary= discreet= prudent混乱：chaos= disorder= confusion= anarchy37追逐，追赶：chase= track= follow= trail= pursue包括，包含：comprise= include= enclose= embrace由...组成，构成：comprise= be composed of= be made up of= consist of= make up= form= compose习俗，惯例：convention= custom= tradition= practice公约，契约：convention= agreement= contract= pact= treaty会议：convention= meeting= conference= congress38潮湿的：damp= humid= moist= watery= wet分离：divorce= divide= part= separate操练，训练：drill= discipline= exercise= instruct= practice使成为必要，需要：entail= necessitate装备，配备：equip= furnish= provide= supply外来的，奇异的：exotic= strange= alien= foreign= unusual经费，支出：expenditure= expense= cost= consumption虚弱的，衰弱的：faint= weak= infirm微弱的，不明显的，微少的，渺茫的：faint= dim= feeble= minute繁荣，活跃而有影响力：flourish= thrive= prosper= succeed= bloom欺骗，假货：fraud=deceit= cheat= trick= deception光荣，荣誉：glory= honor= fame= reputation= distinction40各种各样的：a vast array of= a great variety of= a great range of阻止......：impede= keep...from...= prevent...from= stop...from...= inhibit导致：result in= lead to= cause= bring about= induce包括：include= embrace= cover= involve= constitute= consist of限制：constrain= restrict= limit= confine41.减少，消除：reduce= decline= cut= lessen= diminish= eliminate预期：predict= expect= anticipate归结为......:conclude= make/ reach a conclusion= put down to= prove that= attribute to= turn out to有毒的：poisonous= toxic表现：manifestation= performance= demonstration追溯到，起源于：stem from= derive from= date from= trace back to42天资：gift= talent= aptitude= natural gift= genius适应：adapt to= adjust to= acclimatize oneself to= answer to= accommodate= be settled in= meet the needs= in response to优点，长处：advantage= merit= virtue= length= excellence放弃，抛弃：throw away= scrap= discard= cast aside= desert= abandon= give up= be dispensed with43灾难：catastrophe= disaster= adversity沉积物：sediment= deposit弄脏，污染：contaminate= pollute解释，解码：decipher= decode开始：begin= launch= initiate( initiative)与......比较：compare with= in comparison with权利机关：government official= authorities意识：sensibility= sense= awareness= consciousness不期而遇：run into= bump into= come across= knock up with满足需要：cater to=satisfy= meet the need44超过：in excess of= in advance of= overrun= override= outstrip get ahead of= surpass= exceed合作：cooperation= collaboration授权，委托：authorize= commission= entitle理解力：notion= reach perception= comprehension= intelligence= understanding犯罪：commit a crime= perpetrate a crime= offend against罪犯：criminal= offense=commitment交易，贸易：trade= business= commerce= transaction= dealing当前的：current= contemporary= nowadays= present45毁坏：demolish= knock down= dismantle= ruin消除：get rid of= eradicate= eliminate= remove= smooth away依赖：rely on= depend on= count on给予：give= offer= render= impart= provide培养，发展：develop= cultivate= foster= nurture= foster= nurse= educate= train关键的：key= crucial= critical= vital= substantial保护（资源）：protect= conserve= preserve转变：change= alter= modify= convert into= transform= turn声称：assert= declare= claim46评价：appraise= assess= evaluate确保：assure= endure= guarantee= pledge丰富的：abundant= ample= profuse有害的：evil= harmful= detrimental有益的：useful= helpful= beneficial= profitable= rewarding= advantageous= wholesome影响：influence= impact= effect增长至：grow to= rise to= increase to= go up to= climb to= ascend to= jump to= shoot to降低至：dip to= fall to= decline to= decrease to= drop to= go down to= reduce to= slump to= descend to= sink to= slide to47保持稳定：level out= do not change= remain stable= remain still= remain steady= be stable= maintain the same level= remain unchanged= be still= remain the same level= stay constant= keep at the same level= level off= stabilize= keep its stability= even out急剧地：dramatically= drastically= sharply= hugely= enormously= steeply= substantially= considerably= significantly= markedly= surprisingly= strikingly= radically= remarkably= vastly= noticeably48平稳地：steadily= smoothly= slightly= slowly= marginally= gradually= moderately= mildly占.....百分比：account for= occupy= represent= comprise= take up= constitute= consist of= make up= compose波动：fluctuate= go ups and downs= display/ demonstrate a fluctuation49危险：hazard= danger= harm= risk巨大的，广大的：immense= vast= enormous= giant= tremendous= monstrous插入，嵌入：insert= inject= interpose= intrude不规则的，无规律的：irregular= uneven= disorderly= unnatural障碍：obstruct= hinder= hamper= block部分的，不完全的：partial= component= constituent50偏心的，偏向的：partial= biased= prejudiced= unjust= unfair养老金，退休金，抚恤金：pension= payment= allowance= subsidy开端的，预备性的，初步的：preliminary= preparatory= introductory第一的，首位的：premier= prime= primal原型，雏形：prototype= model51临时的，暂时性的：provisional= transient= temporary追赶，追逐：pursue= follow= seek= chase= track难题，谜：puzzle= confuse= bewilder击退，抵制，使厌恶，使反感：repel= repulse= reject= resist初步的，基本的：rudimentary= elementary52理由，缘故：sake= reason= cause散播：scatter= disperse= spread范围：scope= room= space= range= extent碎片，残余物：scrap= particle= shred= snatch降雨，降雪：shower= rain= thundershower范围，领域：scope= sphere= field= area快速旋转：spin= circle= reel= rotate= swirl堆放：stack= pile= heap= mass53伸展，延伸，延续：stretch= expand= extend= prolong= spread材料，东西：stuff= object= substance填满，塞满：stuff= cram= jam= fill= load极好的，超级的：superb= first-class= excellent= marvelous= terrific摇摆，摇动：sway= move= swing药片：tablet= medicine= pill= drug吸引，引诱：tempt= allure= decoy= seduce54交易，业务，买卖：transaction= deal= business= purchase短暂的，临时的：transient= temporary= momentary最后的，最终的：ultimate= final= last= conclusive= eventual基本的，首要的：ultimate= elementary= capital= chief织，编，结（网等）：weave= spin= fabricate钦佩，羡慕：admire= adore= esteem= appreciate= revere55事件，事态：affair= incident= event= matter= business议程表：agenda= timetable= schedule使确信，使放心：assure= convince= make sure保证，担保：assure= pledge= promise= guarantee= warrant可信的，可靠的：authentic= credible= believable= reliable= true= real令人敬畏的：awesome= awe-inspiring乞求，恳求：beg= plead= implore56为了.....的利益，代表：behalf= benefit= interest= advantage腰带，皮带：belt= band= strip= bar地区，区域：belt= zone= area= region= district开花：blossom= bloom繁荣，兴隆起来：boom= prosper= thrive= flourish联合，结合：bond= link= connection= attachment= union合同，契约：bond= contact57计算，核算，估计，推测：calculation= computation= count= estimation= assessment 计划，打算：calculation= intention= plan= plot删除，划掉：delete= leave out= cut out= cross out谴责，痛斥：denounce= blame= censure= condemn= reproach告发：denounce= charge= accuse= prosecute= indict争论，争吵：dispute= argue= contest= debate= quarrel= argument= contest= disagreement打扰，扰乱：disturbance= interruption= distraction= agitation= uproar= riot= confusion= annoyance= upset58纪元，时代，年代：era= age= epoch= times逐步升级，越发严重：escalate= increase= intensify尊重，珍重：esteem= respect= value= appreciate= reverence郊游，远足，短途旅行：excursion= trip= outing= journey名声，名望：fame= reputation= credit= honor= distinction= glory衰弱的，无力的：feeble= weak= infirm= faint伙伴，同伴：fellow= guy= person= comrade= companion= colleague= associate 59逃走，逃离：flee= escape= run away= disappear= vanish= fly边界，国境，边疆：frontier= boundary= border停止，止步：halt= stop= cease暗示，线索：hint= implication= indication= suggestion= sign= clue潮湿的：humid= damp= wet= moist不恰当的：inappropriate= unsuitable= unfit看不见的，无形的，隐匿的：invisible= disguised= hidden易于...的，有...倾向的，习惯...的：liable= apt= prone= likely= incline60丢弃，放弃：abandon= desert= leave= discard= give up缩短，压紧，压缩：abbreviate= compress=坚持：adhere to= stick to= insist on= persist in能力，天赋，才能：ability= capacity= capability= genius= talent= faculty= gift 有能力的：able= capable废除，取消：abolish= cancel= delete= eliminate= terminate= do away with61吸引，迷人：fascinate= attract= tempt/ appeal to愚蠢的，荒谬的：absurd= foolish= ridiculous丰富的，大量的：abundant= plentiful= rich= adequate= enough= sufficient事件：incident= event= occurrence欢呼：acclaim= applaud= cheer= clap62跟随：follow= track= accompany完成：accomplish= achieve= finish= complete= fulfill精通的，熟练的：proficient= expert因此：accordingly= consequently= hence= so= therefore= thus解释，考虑：account for= take into account积累，收集：accumulate= assemble= collect= gather63准确的，正确的：accurate= exact= precise= correct使适应，使习惯：accustom= adapt调整，改变：adjust= change= transform= alter= shift= switch= modify承认：acknowledge= admit= confess合并，结合：consolidation= merger= combination= integration 获得：obtain= gain= attain64混乱，迷惑：muddle= confuse= bewilder必要性，必需品：necessity= obligation= essential= requirement 养育，怀有（希望等）nourish= nurture= feed= support= nurse 被迫的，迫使的：obliged= forced= compelled觉得做某事物，选择：opt= choose= select= pick观点，态度，前景：outlook= viewpoint= perspective65开端，开始：outset= beginning= start= initiation= opening外面的，向外的：outward= outside= external追上，超越：overtake= surpass穿过，穿透：penetrate= pierce= soak使永久，永存或持续：perpetuate= preserve延期，推迟：postpone= delay= put off66前辈：predecessor= ancestor= forefather保护，维护，保存：preservation= conservation= maintenance 主要地，首要地：principally= primarily= mainly深切的，深远的：profound= complete= deep= thorough很可能做某事，有做某事的倾向：prone= liable= apt= inclined67繁衍，繁殖，传播：propagate= breed= generate= spread成功的，兴旺的，繁荣的：prosperous= flourishing= thriving 批准，认可：sanction= license= approve= authorize= certificate 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postpone应得，值得：deserve= earn= merit窘境，困境：dilemma= difficulty= plight= problem77反对：disapprove= disfavor= oppose灾难，灾祸：disaster= misfortune= catastrophe= mishap= tragedy泄露，公开：disclose= unfold= unveil= reveal= discover= expose假装，伪装：disguise= mask= guise= feign= camouflage= conceal= hide= cover 78不喜欢，厌恶：distaste= disfavor双的，加倍的：dual= double= two-fold。