英语作业答案Unit 1I.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True orFalse.1. The isla nd of Great Brita in is geographically divided into three parts: En gla nd, Scotla nd and Wales. (T)英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。

2. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F) British3. Today more tha n half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh Ian guage. (F)4. In terms of population and area , Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the Uni ted Kin gdom. (F)英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的5. The Ion gest river of Britai n orig in ates in Wales. (T) The River Severn: 赛文河6. Because of political troubles ，Norther n Irela nd has bee n quite sig ni fica ntamong the four con stitue nt parts of the Un ited Kin gdom. (T)n . Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1. The two main isla nds of the British Isles are ___________ .不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰A.Great Brita in and Irela ndB.Great Britai n and Scotla ndC.Great Britai n and WalesD.Great Brita in and En gla nd2. __________ is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. Edi nburghC. Aberdee nD. Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom , _________ is the smallest.A.E ngla ndB. Scotla ndC.WalesD. Northern Irela nd4. The in troduct ion of Christia nity to Britai n added the first eleme nt of _______ words to En glish.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and Germa nC. French and Italia nD. Lat in and Greek5. The evoluti on of Middle En glish was rein forced by the _________ in flue nee.A. NormanB. DutchC. Germa nD. Da nish6. Samuel Joh nson ' s dict ionary was in flue ntial in establish ing a sta ndard form of _______ .A. grammarB. han dwriti ngC. spelli ngD. pronun ciati on7. At prese nt, n early ______ of the world ' s populati on com muni cate in En glish .A. halfB. a quarterC. One thirdD. one fifthIII. Give brief an swers to the follow ing questio ns1. What is the full name of the U.K.?The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotla nd?They like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsman wearingkilts and playing bagpipes.3. How many periods can the developme nt of the En glish Ian guage be divided into and what are they?The developme nt of the En glish Ian guage can be divided into three periods: Old En glish, Middle En glish and Modern En glish.4. Why did English become more important after the Black Death( 黑死病)?The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importanee after the Black Death, so En glish also grew in importa nee compared to Fren ch.IV . State your understanding of the following questions in about 100 words.1. who are British people?The first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them English Ianguage. Many people from other European countries came later, and in modern times there are a lots of immigra nts from many former Com mon wealth( 共和国)coun tries from every part of the world, and the British people are also composed of people from differe nt eth nic and cultural backgro un ds.2. What is Standard English?Stan dard En glish is based on the speech of the upper class of the southeaster n En gla nd;it is widely used in media and taught at schools. It is preferred by the educated, middle-class people. Is has developed and has bee n promoted as a model for the correctBritish English. It is also the norm(标准)carried overseas. Today, Standard English is codified to the exte nt that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where En glish is taught and used.Unit 2I. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True orFalse.1. The British history before 55 BC is basically un docume nted. (T)2. The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3. The n ame of Britai n came from a Celtic tribe —the Brit ons. (T)4. The Anglo —Saxons came to Britain in the mid-5th century. (T) (不考)5. The chief or king of the An glo-Sax on tribes exercised power at their own will. (F)6. The Vikings bega n to attack the En glish coast i n the 8th cen tury. (T)7. Henry II built up a large empire which in cluded En gla nd and most of France (T)8. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and thetown speople. (F)9. The Hun dred Years 'War was a series of wars fought betwee n En gla nd and Norma nsfor trade and territory. (F)10. in an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions , QueenElizabeth I actually defe nded the fruit of the Religious Reformati on. (T)n . Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.1. The ______ a ttack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410A. Norman B . DanishC. Celtic D . Germanic2. By the late 7th century , ________ b ecame the dominant religion in EnglandA . Celtic ChristianityB . Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC . Germa nic Christia nityD . Roma n Christia nity3 . Westminster Abbey（威斯敏斯特教堂）was built at the time of _______ .A . St . AugustineB . Edward the Confessor（忏悔者爱德华）C . William the Co nquerorD . Alfred the Great4 . The _____ m arked the establishment of feudalism（圭寸建制度）in England .A . Viking in vasi onB . sig ning of the Magna CartaC . Norma n Conq uestD . Adoptio n of com mon law5 . The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of _________ ;A . the House of ValoisB . the House of YorkC . the House of Tudor（都铎楼）D . the House of Lan caster出身于族徽为红玫瑰的兰开斯特家族的亨利•都铎结束了玫瑰战争，登上了英国王位，称亨利七世6 . The direct cause for the Religious Reformatio n was Ki ng Henry VIII ' S effo rt toA . divorce his wifeB . break with RomeC . support the Protesta ntsD . declare his supreme power over the church7. The En glish Civil War broke out in 1642 betwee n _______ .A . Protesta nts and Purita nsB . Royalists and Parliame ntaria nsC . no bles and peasa ntsD . aristocrats and Christia ns8 . ____ was passed after the Glorious Revolution（光荣革命）.A . Bill of RightsB . Act of SupremacyC . Provisions of OxfordD . Magna Carta9.The In dustrial Revoluti on was accomplished in Brita in by the middle of the ___ cen tury .A . 17thB . 18thC . 19thD . 20th10 . Brita in faced strong challe nges in its global imperial dominance by the beg inning of the century .A . 17thB . 18thC . 19thD . 20thIII. Give brief answers to the following questions.1. What are the two components of the British parliament?2. What were some of Queen Victoria ' s major achievements?3. What were the two camps in Europe in World War I ?4. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United States after World War n ? An swers:1. They are the House of Commons and the House of Lords.2. Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further in dustrial revolutio n, the buildi ng of railways and the grow ing of tradeand commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world ' s Iandmass.3. The Central Powers which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and the Allied Powers which were mai nly comprised of France, the Russia nEmpire, the British Empire, Italy and the Un ited States.4. Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union.IV. State your un dersta nding of the follow ing questi ons.1. What were the results of the In dustrial Revoluti on in Brita in?2. The Rise and Fall of the British Empire?An swers:1. The In dustrial Revoluti on cha nged Brita in in many ways. First, in dustrialproductivity in creased dramatically. Brita in became the most adva need in dustrial countryand also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up. Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed. The conflict between the capitalists and the proletarians became the most important political issue.2. Colonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas, in 1583 markedthe beginning of the British Empire. By 1837, Britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many small states in the West In dies. By the end of the 19th cen tury, the British Empire in cluded a quarter ofthe global population and nearly a quarter of the world ' s Iandmass. During th-49tthd century, the British government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing themunder the direct control of the government. Before World War I , Britain had the largestcol on ial empire in the world. However, Britai n suffered great loss to its man power in thetwo World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britain ' s colonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall of the Empire.Un it 4 Politics and Governme nt of UKI. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False .1. Conven ti ons（党代会）are regarded less importa nt tha n com mon law in the worki ng ofthe British government . F2. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history . F3. In reality , the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers . F4. British Parliame nt is the law-maki ng body of the Common wealth of Nati ons（英联邦国家）.F5 . Lords Spiritual（上议院神职议员）and Lords Temporal（上议院世俗议员）are all members in the British Upper House（上议院）.T6 . The members in the House of Commons（下议院）are appo in ted rather tha n elected . F 上议院是指派的，下议院是选举的。