上一页
主菜单
下一页
现在完成时的主要用法
2.表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的
动作或状态，常和表示一段时间的时间状语连 用，谓语动词多用延续性动词。（这一用法与现
在完成进行时相同： have / has + been + v.ing。） They have lived here for 30 years. 他们已经在这儿住了30年。 (30年以前开始住在这儿，现在还住在这儿。) I have learned English since I was five years old. 我从五岁时就学英语。 （五岁时开始学英语，到现在还在学。）
1.我买了这块手表五年了。 I have bought this watch for five years.W I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago.
2.这位老人已经死了十年了。
The old man has died for ten years. W The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.
上一页
主菜单
下一页
3.他已经回来三天了。 He has come back for 3 days. W He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago. 4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。 He has come here since 6 o’clock. W He has been here since 6 o’clock. 5.我离开家乡已十年了。 I have left hometown for 10 years. W I have been away from hometown for 10 years.
上一页
主菜单
下一页
●但在否定句中，短暂性动词可
以与时间段连用。
如：I haven’t bought the bike for a year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 She hasn’t come here for an hour. 她来这儿还没有一个小时。
上一页 主菜单
下一页
翻 译 练 习：
A B B型
过去式和过去分词同形：
buy find feel have bought found felt had bought found felt had
A B C型
原形、过去式和过去分词各异
do go fly write did went flew wrote done gone flown written
past
present(now)
future
do my homework
现在完成时的主要用法
1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 -- It’s so dark. --Someone has turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑) -- Are you free? --I have finished my homework. I am free (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空)
reach-- be (in/at)
buy-- have borrow-- keep
open--be open
return-- be back marry--be married
finish-- be over
become-be
短暂性动词与时间段的关系
●短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时
②begin, ③buy, ⑤come (go, arrive), ⑦finish, ⑧join,
上一页
主菜单
下一页
现在完成时的主要用法
2.表示过去已经开始,
持续到现在的动作或状 态.常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时 间，so far 等时间状语连用。
I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 (从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学) She has swum since half an hour ago. 我已经游泳了半个小时 (半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)
A B A型
原形与过去分词同形
come
become came became come become
A A B型
原形与过去式同形
beat beat beaten
延续性动词和非延续性动词（终止性动词） 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作 如：learn, work, keep, have, wait, stay等。 延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词，表 示 不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束,不 能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 如:die, begin, finish, come, go, open, leave, join, marry / get married等。
He has been here for three days.
He has been here since yesterday. He has been here since two days ago / last Monday. He has been here since his wife died.

现在完成时的主要用法
3.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从 未有过的经历.
I have ever been to the Summer Palace?
(我曾去过颐和园)
I have never had a car.
(我从未有过汽车。)
上一页
主菜单
下一页
现在完成时的时间状语
◆常与①already,
②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before, ⑦up to now, ⑧so far, ⑨for the last few weeks ⑩these days, ⑾since ⑿for a long time 连用
上一页
主菜单
下一页
用have been to, have gone to, have been in的适当形 式填空 1. - Where is Tom? – He has gone to the library. 2. How many times have you been to Paris? 3. I haven’t seen you for a long time. Where have you been? I have been to Guangzhou. 4. How long have you been in this school? I have been in this school for three years. 5. My brother has been in the army since he left high school.
现在完成时
现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的主要用法
现在完成时的时间状语
短暂性动词与时间段的关系
have been 与have gone 比较
与一般过去时的用法比较
上一页 主菜单
下一页
现在完成时的构成
have (has）+ 过去分词
上一页
主菜单
下一页
现在完成时 ( present perfect tense)
• He has just come back.
他刚刚回来。
• They have just finished the work. 他们刚刚完成那项工作。
4）for 和 since for 后面跟一段时间，since后面跟的是时间点，这 个时间点可能是单词、短语或一般过去时的句子。 带有for或since短语的句子，谓语动词要用延续性 动词。
4. 过去分词的构成：
规则动词过去分词的构成和过去式一样，不规则 动词的过去分词见课本（八下或九年级课本最后 一页）。 记忆不规则动词的过去式和过去分词，可以分为 以下几类来记：
A A A型
原形、过去式和过去分词同形：
hit put hit put hit put
let read cost
let let read read cost cost
• 2）ever和never • ever用于肯定句和疑问句中，在句中位 于助动词或系动词后，实义动词前。 • never用于句中，助动词或系动词后， 实义动词前，表示否定意义。 • He has ever been to Paris. • He has never been to Paris.
3） just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与 already，never 等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词 have/has和动词过去分词之间）
I have been here since 5 years ago.
I have been here since I graduated in 2000.
注 2): 对 for 或 since 引导的时间 状语提问 必须用how long, 决 不能用when. Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here? She has stood here since 2 hour ago.How long has she stood here?
现在完成时的运用:
• 1）already 和yet • already用于肯定句，放于句中或句末，在 句中时，位于助动词或系动词后，实义动 词前。 • yet用于否定句和疑问句，一般在句末。 • I have already finished my homework. • I haven’t finished my homework yet.