当前位置:文档之家› 清华弹性力学课件FXQ-Chapter-01绪论

清华弹性力学课件FXQ-Chapter-01绪论

28 14
Foam structures with a negative Poisson's ratio, Science, 235 1038-1040 (1987).
Chapter 1.1
Strokes of the Genius (1700-1880)
Augustin-Louis Cauchy
z 柯西应力(二阶对称张量) z 柯西原理(应力 & 面力) z 连续体运动方程和边界条件 z 几何关系 z 主应力 & 主应变 z 广义虎克定律
S. P. Timoshenko z 弹性地基梁 z 铁木辛柯梁 z 板壳力学 z 弹性振动理论
a scientist and an engineer
37 23
(1878 – 1972)
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Forming of the Mansion (1880-1950)
薄壁结构的大挠度屈曲
34 20
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Strokes of the Genius (1700-1880)
Helmholtz
z Helmholtz 自由能 z Helmholtz 变换
35 21
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Forming of the Mansion (1880-1950)
16
Chapter 1
Era of the Exploration (1600-1700)
Leonardo da Vinci
System for equalizing the release of a spring
17 5
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Era of the Exploration (1600-1700)
Chapter 1.1
Chapter 1
Era of the Exploration (1600-1700)
“Of Spring” (1660-1678) ceiiiosssttuu→ ut tensio sic vis (anagram) i.e. Hooke’s law
"as is the extension, so is the force"
Willen Church The only building in existence that Robert Hooke designed and that is in original condition.
23 9
Hooke memorial window, St. Helen's, Bishopsgate, City of London.
32 18
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
5
Strokes of the Genius (1700-1880)
Adhemer Jean Claude Barre de Saint-Venant z Saint-Venant 原理 z 半逆解法 (1853) z 非圆截面柱形杆的弯曲和扭转
Mechanics forms the backbone of science and engineering.
Mechanics paves the foundation for the infrastructures of numerous cities in the world. LIU Qi, Mayor of Beijing, 2002 Invitation Letter for ICTAM 2008 Beijing
26 12
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Strokes of the Genius (1700-1880)
Clande Louis Marie Henri Navier (1821)
“Equilibrium and motion of elastic solids”
Navier equation
( ) C ∇ 2ui + 2uk,ki + fi = 0
(1785 – 1836)
《力学在结构和机械方面的应用》
27 13
Chapter 1.1
Strokes of the Genius (1700-1880)
Simon Denis Poisson & 横波
Mathematical Theory of Elasticity》
(1891 – 1976) 《Singular Integral Equations》
Theodore Von Karman H. S. Tsien (钱学森) W. Z. Chien (钱伟长) Werner Heisenberg
38 23
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
6
Forming of the Mansion (1880-1950)
Theodore Von Karman and G. I. Taylor
主要参考文献
S. P. Timoshenko, History of strength of material, Dover, 1953
R. Dugas, A history of mechanics, Dover, 1955
武际可, 力学史, 重庆出版社, 1999
13 4
Chapter 1 Chapter 1
29 15
(1789 – 1857)
Chapter 1.2
31 17
Chapter 1
Strokes of the Genius (1700-1880)
George Green (1837)
磨坊主,数学家,物理学家
弹性势函数
独立弹性常数的个数
格林函数
(1793 – 1841)
The revolution which Green effected in the elements of the theory Love – Mathematical Theory of Elasticity
弹性力学 Theory of Elasticity
冯西桥 清华大学工程力学系
2007.09.19
1
References
王敏中等,弹性力学教程,北京大 学出版社,200 杨卫,弹性力学讲义,2004, (放在网络学堂)。
L.D. Landau, E.M. Lifshitz, Theory of Elasticity: Course of Theoretical Physics, Vol. 7, 1984.
10 3
Chapter 1 Chapter 1
Introduction
弹性力学简史
z 萌芽阶段 (1600-1700) z 奠基阶段 (1700-1880) z 大厦成形阶段 (1880-1950) z 空间拓展阶段 (1950-)
11 1
Chapter 1 Chapter 1
Introduction
► 严密的理论体系和求解方法;
► 是所有工程设计的基础,很强的工程概念; ► 广泛应用的领域:航空航天、机械、建筑、
造船、汽车、核电站、水利、土木等
8
Chapter 1
理力 & 材力 & 弹力
(a)
9
(c)

(b)



(d)
Chapter 1
Introduction
Mechanics symbolizes the first glimpse of scientific understanding of the human being for the physical world.
Era of the Exploration (1600-1700)
(1492-1519)
18
Chapter 1
19
Chapter 1
3
Era of the Exploration (1600-1700)
Galileo
20 6
(1564 – 1642)
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Era of the Exploration (1600-1700)
材料力学: ► 均匀连续介质假设 ► 考虑物体的变形、内力分布 ► 以理论力学为基础
6
Chapter 1
1
理力 & 材力 & 弹力
材料力学: ► 是固体力学的简化形式(杆、梁等); ► 必须与具体材料相结合 F=m⋅a ► 实验基础上的假设,简化计算。
7
Chapter 1
理力 & 材力 & 弹力
弹性力学:在外加载荷作用下弹性固体材料内部的 受力状态、变形、静态或动态响应的规律。
24 10
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Strokes of the Genius (1700-1880)
Bernoullis
25 11
Jacob Bernoulli 1654-1705
弹性杆 变形曲线
σ = Eε
Johann Bernoulli 1667-1748
虚位移原理 的表达形式
Galileo
21 7
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Era of the Exploration (1600-1700)
Isaac Newton
(1642-1727)
22 8
Chapter 1.1 Chapter 1
Era of the Exploration (1600-1700)
Robert Hooke (1635-1703)
2
Theory of Elasticity
第一章 绪 论
相关主题