【关键词】国人健康状况；健康指标；健康评价
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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Study on Chinese Health Status Assessment Indicators System
Tutor：Pro. Jin Xinzheng Master: Gao Hong
Abstract
Purposes
(4) The reliability and validity of the evaluation system was tested by the questionnaire survey. The Cronbach 's of the whole system is 0.863, which shows the reliability is very good. Factor analysis was made to test the construct validity of the whole system. The results showed that totally four common factors were extracted, which are adequate compared with the four dimensions identified in the measurement theoretical frame. The construct validity of the measurement system is good.
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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
通能力 5 个指标组成；行为健康包括体能活动、蔬菜与水果的摄入量、喝酒、吸烟共 4 个指标。
（3）利用 2800 人次的正常人体检资料对定量指标医学参考取值进行界定。并 利用 203 份调查问卷对定性指标进行医学参考值的界定。
（4）运用问卷调查法，对获得的数据进行无量纲化处理后，检验指标体系的信 度和效度。结果表明，整个评价指标体系的 Cronbach’s 信度系数为 0.863，信度很好。 利用因子分析法对评价指标体系的结构效度进行检验，所有的指标变量经过降维后， 涵盖的项目与中国人个人健康评价指标体系的指标定义和层次划分较为吻合，能够与 之前建立的评价指标的理论框架中确定的 4 个维度相一致，表明该指标的结构效度良 好。
Presently, the study on health status indicators of individual is weak in China, which greatly influenced populations’s health management efficiently and effectively. This study aims to use the qualitative and quantitative methods comprehensively to develop a set of Chinese health status assessment indicators system with higher reliability and validity. This evaluation system is compised of physiological, psychological, social, and behaviour standards. So we can evaluate the health status of personal in China objectively, comprehensively and reliably. The system will also provide a lot of help to achieve the scientific, standards and norms health management.
Methods
Firstly, literature analysis method was used to establish the personal health evaluation indicator set for Chinese. Then, Delphi method was choosed using questionnaires to collect the experts’ suggestions and opinions about the personal health indicators. Thirdly, normal distribution method and percentile method were applied to define the normal range of physiological, psychological, social, and behaviour indicators. Finally, the validity and reliability of the evaluation system was tested by factor analysis.
方法
本文应用文献分析法建立中国人个人健康评价指标群；通过德尔菲法采用问卷形 式收集专家对国人个人健康评价指标的内容设置和指标筛选提出的建议和意见，经分 析归纳后得出中国人个人健康评价的指标体系；然后应用正态分布法、百分位数法对 国人的生理、心理、社会、和行为健康维度进行医学参考值范围的界定；最后应用问 卷调查法对对指标体系进行信度和效度检验。
(3) The 2800 data of healthy people’s physical examination was used to define the normal value range of the physiological health indicators. And 203 questionnaires were used to define the normal rage of the qualitative indicators.
结果
（1）确立中国人个人健康评价指标体系的理论框架，基于生理健康、心理健康、 社会健康和行为健康 4 个维度，初步筛选出与健康相关的影响因素及相应指标，然后 衍生出下级指标，形成初级评价指标体系。
（2）通过 Delphi 法对评估指标进行甄别、筛选与完善。其中生理健康维度包括 体重指数（BMI）、血压、脉搏、肺活量、体温、心率、血脂、血糖、血钙、红细胞 数、白细胞数、骨密度共 12 个指标；心理健康维度包括环境适应力、心理耐受力、 心理自控力、心理自信力、心理创造力、心理恢复力、反应力、思维的品质、注意集 中度 9 个指标；社会健康维度主要由交往能力、合作能力、竞争能力、决策能力、沟
华中科技大学 硕士学位论文 中国人个人健康评价指标体系研究 姓名：高红 申请学位级别：硕士 专业：情报学 指导教师：金新政
2011-05
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
中文摘要
指导老师：金新政授 硕士研究生：高红
目的
目前，对个体健康评价指标的研究是国内健康研究的欠缺环节，极大地影响了国 人健康管理的效率和效果。本研究旨在综合运用定性和定量的研究方法，制定一套具 有中国特色的、基于生理、生化标准的、具有较高信度和效度的中国人个人健康评价 指标体系，实现对国人健康状况客观、全面、可靠的综合评价，为实现科学化、标准 化和规范化的健康管理奠定基础。
Results
(1) The evaluation system of Chinese health status indicators has four measurement dimensions, including physiological health, mental health, social health and behavior health.
(2) The evaluation system was selected by the Delphi method. The physiological health dimension comprises BMI, blood pressure, body temperature, pulse, heart rate, vital
Conclusions
(1) The Chinese health status and the main health risk factors is understanded (2) The first individual health evaluation system for Chinese was established, which based on four dimensions including physiological health, mental health, social health and behavior health. (3) The normal medical reference range was defined. (4) The personal health evaluation system for Chinese has higher reliability and validity.
Keywords: Health Status Indicators, Health Determinants, Health Measurement
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图表目录
表 3- 1 健康危险因素表 .............................................. 17 表 4- 1 Delphi 法专家基本情况 ....................................... 28 表 4- 2 专家熟练系数和判断系数量化值 ................................ 29 表 4- 3 专家权威程度结果 ............................................ 29 表 4- 4 中国人个人健康评价指标构成 .................................. 31 表 4- 5 BMI 数据统计量 .............................................. 34 表 4- 6 定量指标正常医学参考范围表 .................................. 35 表 4- 7 环境适应力得分统计 .......................................... 36 表 4- 8 心理健康和社会健康指标正常参考分值 .......................... 37 表 4- 9 行为健康指标正常范围 ........................................ 37 表 4- 10 中国人个人健康评价指标体系及其指标正常参考值范围 ........... 38 表 5- 1 信度检验结果 ................................................ 41 表 5- 2 KMO 和 Bartlett 的检验结果 .................................. 42 表 5- 3 主成分分析抽取的特征值前五位的因子 .......................... 43 表 5- 4 旋转后因子负荷矩阵 .......................................... 44 图 3- 1 居民主要疾病死亡率构成比发展趋势 1 ........................... 13 图 3- 2 中国居民年龄别死亡率 ........................................ 14 图 3- 3 中国人主要死亡原因构成百分比、男女之间的比例 1 ............... 14 图 3- 4 中国人总的患病率（按疾病类别）1 .............................. 15 图 3- 5 国人慢性病患病率（年龄别）1 .................................. 16 图 4- 1 健康评价指标体系的概念框架 .................................. 22 图 4- 2 BMI 数据直方图 .............................................. 34 图 4- 3 环境适应力的分布图 .......................................... 36