unit11 user用户someone who does not necessarily have much technical knowledge about computers but who makes decisions based on information processed by the computer有人并不一定有很多技术知识对电脑但是谁制定决策基于信息处理的计算机2 computerequipment made up of a combination of electronic and electromechanical components that uses software to process data设备由电子和机电组件的组合,使用软件来处理数据3dataraw,unorganized and not processed facts生,无组织的,而不是处理的事实4 informationmeaningful and useful facts that have been processed from data by a computer有意义和有用的事实已经从由计算机处理数据5 keyboardmost common type of input device used with computer最常见的一种输入设备使用计算机6 data processing数据处理processing of data into information数据处理成信息7monitoroutput device that can display text and graphics in a variety of colors输出设备,可以显示文本和图形有各种各样的颜色8 memoryprimary storage of the computer, which can be thought of as an electronic desktop 主存储器的计算机,可以认为是一种电子桌面unit21 workstationa powerful single-user computer, usually attached to a network一个强大的单台计算机,通常是连接到网络2 portable computerthe generic term for any microcomputer that is designed to be carried around通用术语任何微机,被设计成携带3 laptop computera kind of portable computer which can be put on the lap一种便携式电脑,可以放在腿上4 silicon硅；硅元素a non-metallic element with semiconductor characteristics一个非金属元素与半导体特性5 semiconductor半导体a material whose electrical conductivity increases with temperature and is intermediate between metals and insulators一种材料的导电性随温度和介于金属和绝缘体6 voltage ] 电压electrical force measured in volts电力测量电压7 capacity容量the amount of space in a storage device空间的数量在一个存储设备8 random access memory (RAM )a piece of hardware that is usually attached to a computer and is not part of the main central processor-cpu一种硬件通常是连接到一台电脑和不属于主中央处理器的cpuunit31 chip 芯片a piece of semiconductor material on which integrated circuit are etched一片半导体材料上集成电路是蚀刻2 arithmetic/logic unit算术/逻辑单元a part of the cpu that performs all arithmetic and logic operations一个cpu的一部分,执行所有算术和逻辑操作3 binary system二进制a numbering system based on the digits 0 and 1一个编号系统基于数字0和14 control unit 控制器the part of the cpu that decodes and directs the flow of program instructions这个部分的cpu,解码,并将这些流程序指令5 bita binary digit 一个二进制数字6 computer program 计算机程序a series of instructions that guides a computer through some process一系列指令,引导计算机通过一些过程7 storage.存储a device that accepts data, holds it and delivers it ondemand一种设备,接收数据,持有它,把它交付需求上8 register 寄存器used for the temporary storage of application programs and data;can be written to and read from用于临时存储的应用程序和数据;可以写入和读取9 machine languagethe basic language of the computer基本的语言的计算机10 busa group of lines ,leads or wires over which data is transmitted一群行,管道或电线的数据传播unit 41 secondary storage 二级存储器auxiliary storage辅助存储器2 motherboard主板a metal or plastic framework that holds a computer's circuit boards , often, circuit boards slide into slots on the framework ,and are electronically linked by bus line一个金属或塑料框架,拥有电脑的电路板,通常,电路板滑入插槽这个框架,是电子与总线3 code 代码a system of symbols for representing a language or numbers in a computer一个系统的符号来代表一种语言或数字在计算机4access进入通道the ability to obtain data from a storage device能够获得数据从一个存储装置5 terminala device that is on-line to the computer from a remote location一种设备,在线计算机从远程位置6 screensurface on which pictures or data are shown表面上的图片或数据显示7 buffer缓冲器temporary memory or storage used to adjust for the speed different between two device临时内存或存储用来调整速度两个设备之间的不同8 diskettea thin ,flexible magnetic disk often used on small computer system薄的灵活的磁盘通常用于小型计算机系统9 slot插槽on a motherboard ,one of several openings into which a circuit board can be plugged 在一个主板,几个开口,电路板可以插入10.byteeight bits .on many computer system . the smallest addressable unit of main memory 八个比特。

在许多计算机系统。

最小的可寻址单元的主内存unit51 bandwidtha measurement of the capacity of a transmission system测量能力的一个传输系统2 interneta computer network consisting of a worldwide network of computer networks that use the TCP/IP network protocols to facilitate data transmission and exchange一个计算机网络组成的一个全球网络的计算机网络,使用TCP / IP网络协议来促进数据传输和交换3 binary number二进制数a number that is expressed using 1and 0一个数字,表示使用1和04 frame框架in communications a packet of transmitted information ,usually pure data在通信一包传播信息,通常是纯粹的数据5 zipto compress(i.e.reduce the size of ) a computer file so that it uses less space, and can be more easily sent or stored压缩(即。

减少一个计算机文件的大小),以便它使用较少的空间,而且可以更容易地发送或存储6 packetthe name for a unit of data sent across a network一个单位的名称的数据通过网络发送7,hub 集线器a device that is used to connect several computers together一种设备,用来连接一起几台电脑8 decimalrelating to or expressed in a system of counting based on the number ten有关或表达系统的计算基于唐宁街十号unit61 pixel像素an individual dot on a computer screen个人电脑屏幕上的点2 outputinformation transferred from primary storage to any device outside the computer信息从主存储器转移到任何设备以外的计算机3 softwareany part of the system that instructs the hardware how to perform任何系统的一部分,它指示硬件如何执行4 line printera high speed printing device that can output from 100 to 3,000 lines per minute一个高速印刷设备,可以输出从100年到3000年每分钟线5 plotteran output device for translating information from a computer into a pictorial or graphical form on paper or a similar medium一种输出设备,将信息从一台计算机到图片或图形化的形式在纸上或类似的介质6 printerAdevice that outputs printed characters一种设备,输出打印字符7 hardcopya printed copy of computer input or output复制一份计算机的输入或输出8 graphicscomputer output in the form of points, lines and shapes计算机输出的形式的点、线和形状9 cathode-ray tube(CRT)阴极射线管a TV screen used to display input or output一个电视屏幕用于显示输入或输出10,hardwarethe physical components of a computer system计算机系统的物理组件unit71print wheel 【计算机】字轮a wheel-shaped device for printing text一个车轮形设备打印文本2.dot-matrix printer 点阵打印机a mechanism for printing characters with a cluster of small dots一个机制来打印字符与集群的小点3 networktwo or more computers linked by communication lines两个或多个计算机与通信线路4 microcomputera small computer system ,which is composed of a microprocessormain memory and one or more input/output devices一个小型电脑系统,这是由一个微处理器主存储器和一个或多个输入/输出设备5 ink-jet printer喷墨打印机a printer that produces an image by squirting a fine jet of ink onto paper一个打印机,产生一个图像通过喷射罚款喷射的墨水写在纸上6 desktop publishingthe use of a computer system to perform many of the functions of a printing shop . The output may be sent to a printer or to a high quality typesetter使用一个计算机系统来执行许多功能的印刷店。