【英语】情态动词基础练习题一、单项选择情态动词1.Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.A.must B.can C.shall D.should【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。
句意:乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险,尤其是在交通高峰期。
A. must必须;一定;B. can能够;可能;C. shall将会;D. should应该;应当。
本句中can表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力),故选B。
2.Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ______ they wait here or outside?A.May B.Should C.Shall D.Will【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查Shall的用法。
句意:贝克先生,有些学生想见你。
他们是在这里等还是在外面等?Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
故选C。
【点睛】Shall的用法Shall作为助动词,一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We,表示一个将来的动作,构成将来时态。
Shall后面接动词原形。
例如:(1)I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事,然后告诉你我的想法。
(2)We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。
常考的特殊用法1. Shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意愿。
如:What shall we do this evening?2. Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
如:Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?3. Shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
如:You shall fail if you don't work harder. (警告)He shall have the book when I finish reading. (允诺)He shall be punished. (威胁)3.--- Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home.--- That’s really bad. I’m sure you ______ it, but you just didn’t hurry up.A.had caught B.could have caught C.could catch D.can catch【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。
句意:——哦,我的上帝!我刚好错过了回家的末班车。
——这是非常糟糕的。
我肯定你能赶上,但你就是不抓紧。
could have done“本来能做而没有做”。
故选B。
4.Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.A.need have practised B.might practiseC.must have practised D.could practise【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。
句意:保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。
他上星期一定练习了很多次。
must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是“一定”。
故C选项正确。
5.Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.A.should B.couldC.would D.might【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。
句意:安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候,他就会出去买些东西,通常是一些又大又没用的东西。
A. should应该;B. could能;C. would总是,愿意;D. might 可能。
此处表示过去经常习惯做某事,故选C。
6.It is really cold and the ground is wet; it ________ have rained last night.A.might B.mustC.can D.should【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。
句意:天气很冷而且地面是湿的,昨晚一定下了雨。
根据上文the ground is wet可知,“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的,故用must have done“必定做了……”表示对过去十分有把握的推测,故选B。
【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done:表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测,推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过(存在过)。
He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生,他对医学如此了解。
Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. [该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.]The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下,因为水都冻住了。
如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用,还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测,但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。
例如:They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了,现在肯定已经到了。
中国学生的常见病句是:They...; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。
”(这不是对过去的肯定推测,而是断定动作已经完成。
)7.---He was satisfied with the result, wasn't he?---No. It was so difficult that he __________have passed it.A.shouldn't B.mustn'tC.couldn' t D.wouldn't【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。
A. shouldn't 不应该;B. mustn't禁止,不允许;C. couldn' t 不可能;D. wouldn't不会。
句意:---他对结果很满意,是吗? ---不。
考试太难了,他不可能通过。
固定结构:couldn' t have done“不可能做某事”,此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。
故选C。
【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如:He can't have finished the work so soon.3.“m ay / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如:They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如:I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.5.“shoul d / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如:You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有)He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)6.“would + have +过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.8.Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _______say where he was. A.mustn’t B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’t D.mightn’t【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。
句意:“数天后,我弟弟打电话说他很好,但不肯告诉我他在哪里。
”mustn’t“禁止”;shouldn’t“不应该”;wouldn’t“不情愿”;mightn’t“不可能”。
9.—What’s wrong with you?—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.A.shouldn’t e at B.mustn’t eatC.couldn’t have eaten D.shouldn’t have eaten【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。
句意:——你怎么了?——我生病了,我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。