初中英语近义词辨析专项练习tell talk say speaktell 告诉，讲述可接双宾语talk 交谈有talk with/tosay 说强调说的内容，有say to sbspeak 说某种语言其直接宾语为语言，若要对某人或物说，则用speak to1 Can you _____ me the truth?2 What language do you ____?3 This is what they ____ yesterday.4 Don’t ___　in class，please be quiet..look look at see watchlook 看起来（系动词，接形容词作表语）look at 朝…看强调看的方向see 看见强调看到的结果watch 观看尤其指看电视，看球赛等1 The coat ____ nice, I want to buy one for my daughter.2 Please _______ the blackboard, can you ___ anything?3 She doesn’t like ____ TV,but she likes _____ football game..sound listen to hearsound 听起来（系动词，接形容词作表语）listen to 听强调听的动作与方向hear 听见强调听的结果1 ____ the radio, it says the flood is coming soon.2 I can’t ____ you , because there’s something wrong with my ears.3 What you said ____ interesting..hear from hear ofhear from 收到…的来信hear of 听说…的消息1 After ____ her sister, she read and soon wrote back.2 Have you _____ the place called Shenglong?.receive acceptreceive 收到强调收的动作accept 接受，收下强调收的结果He _____ a present yesterday, but he didn’t _____ it, because it was too much expensive and he sent it back..look up look for find find outlook up 查词典、书、电话簿等，代词放中间look for 寻找强调找的动作find 找到强调结果find out 发现结果是指经过调查、研究、分析或判断等努力而发现的结论1 He often takes a dictionary and ______ the new words in it?2 The little girl _____ her pen everywhere but didn’t _____ it at last.3 Look! Rita is crying over there. Let’s go and _____ why is she crying..keep borrow lendkeep 借是一个延续性动词borrow 借（进）强调从别人那里借来，有borrow… fromlend 借（出）强调将东西借给别人，有 lend …to1 – My bike is broken, can I ___ yours ,Lily?-Oh, sorry, I’ve ____ it to Sandy.2 –How long may I ____ this book?-For about two weeks..reach arrive getreach 到达，够得着是个及物动词arrive 到达不及物动词，有arrive in/ atget 到达不及物动词，有get to1 They will ____ in Chengdu next week.2 How do you ___ to school every day?3 Use a longer stick, then you can ____ the apples..thanks to thanks forthank to 幸亏，由于thanks for 因…谢谢1 ______ your help, I’ve understand it.2 ______ the cats, mice dare not come and eat my food..give in give upgive in 投降give up 放弃代词放中间，后面可接动词-ing分词1 We shouldn’t _____ learning English!2 I would rather die than _____ before my enemies..achieve come trueachieve 实现（理想、愿望、预言等）及物动词，主语一般为人come true 实现不及物动词组一般由物（理想、愿望、预言等）作主语1 He works so hard that he is sure to___ his dream.2 His prediction of human’s flying to the moon _____..turn off close turn on openturn off 关（电器）close 关（门、窗、书等）turn on 开（电器）open 开（门、窗、书等）1 _____ the windows please, it’s so cold outside.2 ____ the lights before you leave the room.3 The dog _____ the box and took the bone out!4 _____ the TV, I want to watch the NBA basketball games..break off break out break into break downbreak off 中断关系，突然终止break out 指战争爆发break into 非法进入或闯入break down 坏掉，（车、船等）抛锚，中途不工作1 He was late for school yesterday, because his car ____ on the half way.2 The World WarⅡ ____ when she was only five.3 They ____ their friendship and didn’t talk to each other any more.4 Last night a thief _____ my house and took away my TV.. solve reply answersolve 解决（问题）及物动词常与problem 连用reply 回复，答复不及物动词常与to连用answer 回答及物动词常与question 连用1 What did Mr Smith ____ to what others said?2 No one in our class can ______ this question.3 It’s too difficult for everyone to ______ that problem..hope wishhope 希望指较为现实的想法常有hope to do 或hope + 从句，但没有hope sb to do wish 希望指不太现实的要求或想法有wish to do 或 wish sb to do。

也有wish+从句，但这时的从句多用虚拟语气，及从句中常有could 或 should等1 – The weather may be fine tomorrow.- I ____ so.2 Mum ____ me to be a doctor in the future.3 How I ____ I could fly to the moon!.take cost spend paytake 花费尤指花费时间,主语为物常有it takes sb some time to do sthcost 花费指花金钱，主语为物常有cost sb some moneyspend 花费主语为人常有spend… doing 或spend…on sthpay 花费主语为人常有pay…for1 It often ___ about 3 hours to get to school from my home.2 – Who will ____ for the bill?- Maybe our boss.3 The house ___ him 30,000 dollars.4 His cousin _____ the whole day making the toy car yesterday..take part in jointake part in 参加某项活动join 参加某个组织、团体、俱乐部、军队、党团或个人1 Mr Wang ___ the Party 5 years ago.2 They invited Lily ______ that party..do with deal withdo with 处理，应付在问句中要与what 连用deal with 处理，对付在问句中要与how连用1 How can you ___ that problem?2 What do you ____ the event?.put on wear dressput on 穿上强调穿衣的动作，宾语为物wear 穿着强调穿的状态，是一个延续性动词，宾语为物dress 给…穿衣服，宾语为人1 _____ the warm clothes, it’s cold outside.2 Mary is always ______ red clothes . Maybe red is her favorite color.3 The little boy could ______ himself when he was three years old..win lose beatwin 赢得宾语为物lose 输掉宾语为物beat 战胜，打败宾语为人1 Our team has ___ the football match, we are all happy. But they are frustrated, because theirs ____ the match.2 The Brazilian football team ___ us 5-0 in that match, all the Chinese fans were very sad..be made in be made of be made from be made up ofbe made in 在哪里制作，后面接产地be made of 由…制成，看得出原料be made from由…制成，看不出原料be made up of由…组成，强调由个体组成整体1 The desk _______ wood.2 This kind of watch ______ Shanghai.3 Our class ______ 50 students.4 Paper _______ bamboo..have been to have been in have gone tohave been to 曾经去过（现在在说话地），可与次数连用have been in在某地呆have gone to已经去了（现在不在说话地）1 They ______ Italy for more than 7 years, so Italy is their second home.2 This person can’t be Yao Ming, for Yao _______ America.3 – How many times _______ Hainan?- Only 3 times.1. too much “太多”用作形容词，后接不可数名词。