对外经济贸易大学远程教育学院2009-2010学年第一学期《美国文化》期末考试大纲期末复习大纲本复习大纲适用于本学期(2009-2010学年第一学期)的期末考试。

一、期末考试形式、复习范围及重点1.考试形式美国文化期末考试以开卷考试的形式考查同学们的学习情况。

2. 考试范围期末考试考查教材全部内容,共十二单元, 即Unit1-Unit12。

教材：对外经济贸易贸易大学远程教育系列教材《美国文化》(American Cultural Heritage) 范悦编著对外经济贸易大学出版社3. 复习重点复习内容以教材各单元Section II中的课文为主。

在复习时，请同学们认真阅读、理解和掌握课文讲解部分, 即教材每单元Section II：Text所涉及的全部内容。

二、期末考试题型本次期末考试分为以下两种题型：1. 单项选择题(40%)这部分测试大家对教材十二个单元(Unit 1- Unit 12) 有关美国文化各相关主题基本知识点的掌握情况。

关于这部分的复习，请大家认真阅读、理解和掌握Unit 1- Unit 12各单元Section II所涉及的全部内容。

单项选择题共二十道，每单元一至三道题。

题目按教材各单元的顺序依次排列，以方便同学们查找和复习相关内容。

每道题的句子皆出自Section II的原文，所以请大家复习时要通读Section II的所有文章，注意上下文的意思，不要断章取义，否则答题时无法选出正确的答案。

2. 判断题(60%)这部分考查大家对教材课文要点的理解情况。

由于期中考试测试了同学们对教材前六单元（即Unit 1-Unit 6）课文的理解情况，请同学们准备期末考试判断题部分时，仅复习教材后六单元(即Unit 7- Unit 12)的课文。

请大家仔细阅读教材后六单元Section II的所有文章。

判断题共三十道, 按教材各单元的顺序依次排列，同学们可以通过每道题的关键词很快查找到其出现的相关单元。

每道题都紧扣教材原文或在原文基础上略做改动，大家阅读原文后不难判断句子的对错。

三、期末考试复习要求由于期末作业题全部紧扣教材各单元Section II的原文，请大家复习时集中精力认真阅读和理解教材原文。

如在理解各单元Section II的原文中有具体问题，请大家通过答疑信箱提问。

期末复习思考题以下复习思考题适用于本学期(2009-2010学年第一学期)的期末考试。

所列题目为期末考试的模拟题，由于题目都紧扣教材原文或在原文基础上略做改动，故不提供答案。

I. 单项选择题1.Many political and social issues in the United States are ______and for whichthere is no absolute right and wrong.A. competitiveB. conflictingC. competingD. controversial2.Countercultures are groups of people whose values reject the ______wisdom andstandards of behavior of the majority and provide alternatives to mainstream culture.A. popularB. massC. commonD. conventional3.______ are broad cultural principles embodying ideas about what most people in asociety consider to be desirable.A. TraditionsB. BeliefsC. ValuesD. Customs4.Countercultures are groups of people whose values reject the conventionalwisdom and standards of behavior of the majority and provide alternatives to ______ culture.A. traditionalB. mainstreamC. popularD. mass5.The United States ______ Alaska and Hawaii stretches across central NorthAmerica from the Atlantic Ocean on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west, and from Canada on the north to Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.A. includesB. includingC. excludingD. excludes6.Philadelphia is important in American history, because the Declaration ofIndependence and the ______ of the United States were born here.A. Articles of ConfederationB. ConstitutionC. CongressD. Senate7.One group of Puritans, called the “Pilgrims,”crossed the Atlantic in the ship__________ and settled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.A. Queen MaryB. Queen VictoriaC. MayflowerD. King George8. In 1607 the London Company set up the first successful English colony at Jamestown in what is now southern ______.A. GeorgiaB. MassachusettsC. PlymouthD. Virginia9.In the ______ period, the Puritans introduced two practices that still influenceAmerican education: compulsory education for all children, and public taxation for schools.A. colonyB. colonizedC. ColonialD. colonist10.On April 19, 1775, the British soldiers confronted the colonists at ________,which marked the beginning of the Revolutionary War.A. PhiladelphiaB. New YorkC. BostonD. Lexington11.In 1776 _______ published Common Sense, which sold about 100,000 copies inthree months and greatly influenced colonial opinion toward independence.A. Thomas JeffersonB. James MadisonC. Thomas PaineD. John Adams12. In the early years of the nation, Americans felt that they had a ______mission—to make their unique political system, economic structure, and social values a model for the world to follow.A. divineB. nobleC. sacredD.religious13.In the early years of the nation, Americans felt that they had a divine mission—______Destiny to make their unique political, economic and social system a model for the rest of the world to follow.A. HolyB. MajesticC. GodlyD. Manifest14.The Baptists, divided into 20 groups, are currently the largest _______denomination in America.A. ChristianB. Eastern OrthodoxC. CatholicD. Protestant15.More than 50 million Americans are of the Roman ______ faith, and the majorityof them are descendants of immigrants from Ireland, Italy and Poland.A. OrthodoxB. PuritanC. ProtestantD. Catholic16. ______ believe that accounts of creation, miracles and everything else in the Bible are the literal truth, and that salvation comes only through a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.A. CatholicsB. ProtestantsC. EvangelicalsD. Christians17.From the very beginning as a nation, American people enjoyed complete religiousfreedom guaranteed______ the Constitution.A. withB. byC. toD. from18.The development of American education was greatly influenced by the ______who believed that every child should be educated so that he could read the Bible.A. ProtestantsB. CatholicsC.PuritansD. Christians19. From the very beginning as a nation, American people enjoyed complete ______freedom guaranteed by the Constitution.A. socialB. economicC. politicalD. religious20. In the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision of 1954, Chief Justice EarlWarren ruled that the separate but equal doctrine had ______place in America’s public educational structure and that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.A. anyB. notC. noD. a21.In 1852, ________ passed the first compulsory education law in the United States.A. GeorgiaB. VirginiaC. MaineD. Massachusetts22. About 93 percent of the school revenue in the United States comes from the locallevel, ______ from property taxes.A. probablyB. practicallyC. particularlyD. primarily23. With the Civil Rights movement and the Women’s Liberation movement in the 1960s and 1970s, colleges also increased enrollment of women and ______students.A. AsianB. African AmericanC. IndianD.minority24. Perhaps the most controversial measure taken to achieve school_______ inAmerica has been by busing students to schools outside their local neighborhoods.A. performanceB. integrationC. unityD. integrity25. The “land grant” colleges created by the Morrill Act in 1862 originallyemphasized agriculture and mechanics, but over time they broadened their offerings to include liberal arts, sciences, ______, and professional courses.A. humanitiesB. humanityC. humanitariansD. humanitarian26. Many of the Founding Fathers ______the “republic of science” notion in Europe.A. enrolledB. enrichedC. enlargedD. endorsed27.American scientists were very much involved in everyday affairs and stressed the______ side of science and linked their scientific discoveries closely to technological developments.A. theoreticalB. socialC. pragmaticD. economic28. Earth First — a radical environmental organization founded by Dave Foreman,use extreme tactics to ______ those who abuse the environment.A. destroyB. punishC. confrontD. conflict29. The development of ______ technology has created a media age in America, inwhich communication is instantaneous and the news is omnipresent.A. electronicB. newsC. informationD. transmission30. The first significant role the press played in the United States is that of asignaler—alerting the public_______ important developments as soon as possible after they happen.A. byB. ofC. withD. to31. The objective and unbiased approach of the New York Times _______to educatedreaders particularly, and by the early 20th century it had acquired a reputation as the country’s best newspaper.A. appealedB. attractedC. addressedD. applied32. Some magazines such as Reader’s Digest, Lady’s Home Journal, etc. that _______Americans’ increasing leisure time and appetite for consumer goods have won the largest readership.A. satisfiedB. catered toC. motivatedD. created33. The early American press was tied to the political parties and the news theyprinted was just a form of party ______.A. policyB. promotionC. propagandaD. debate34. ______businesses are highly responsive companies and can handle chores thatpeople would automatically have done for themselves even a decade ago.A. LocalB. PettyC. MiniD. Small35. The American government guides private businesses by regulating the ______andconsumption of their goods and services.A. saleB. distributionC. transportationD. transport36. Because of its ______nature, no one knows the exact size of the undergroundeconomy.A. subversiveB. subterraneanC. mysteriousD. hidden37. To avoid taxes, many Americans______their income every year.A. uncoverB. hideC. underreportD. enclose38. In the 1930s, Indian tribes were urged to legally incorporate, to adopt a ______form of constitutional government, and to establish business enterprise.A. moderateB. rectifiedC. modifiedD. simplified39. When the need for Chinese labor declined in the late nineteenth century, ______workers viewed Chinese immigrants as competitors for scarce jobs.A. whiteB. blackC. MexicanD. union40. About three-fourth Native Americans live in or very near to ______, mostlylocated in the West.A. natural parksB. reservationsC. mountainsD. plains41. As more European immigrants arrived, they began to regard the ______Americans with their land and population as obstacles to their westward expansion.A. MexicanB. AboriginalC. NativeD. African42. In ______, when the first U.S. census was taken, 78 percent of the populationclaimed descent from England, Scotland, or Wales.A. 1770B. 1780C. 1776D. 179043. In 1924, ______ passed the Immigration Act and established immigration quotasbased on country of origin.A. the Supreme CourtB. the HouseC. CongressD. the Senate44. The term Hispanic Americans refers to Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans,Cubans, and other groups from Central and South American countries that have a Spanish ______.A. ancestryB. languageC. cultureD. heritage45. After the end of World War II, the American government finally recognized theinjustice of the ______ of the Japanese Americans during the war and made amends.A. punishmentB. mistreatmentC. internmentD. cruelty46. The term Hispanic Americans refers to Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans,Cubans, and other groups from Central and South American countries that have a ______ heritage.A. SpanishB. EnglishC. MexicanD. Latin47. Today, in the minds of most Americans, the American family has meant ______family, consisting of parents and their children who live apart from other kin.A. an extendedB.a nuclearC. a smallD. a modern48. The increase in the ______ rate has led to the creation of the blended family, inwhich at least one member of the adult couple is a stepparent.A. marriageB. remarriageC. divorceD. both A and B49. In 1993, the Clinton ______ passed the Family and Medical Leave Act to relievethe stress among dual-employed couples.A. administrationB. cabinetC. CongressD. office50. As the prevalence of ______abuse has come to be more widely known, thegovernment has taken steps to alleviate the problem.A. maritalB.domesticC. spouseD. family51. Congress can ______a presidential veto of its legislationA. overrideB. overwhelmC. overthrowD. overcome52. Congress can ______and remove a president in the United States.A. accuseB. sueC. impeachD. charge53. Each branch of the American government can check the action of another andsometimes all branches work together to reach ______.A. a decisionB. a compromiseC. an agreementD. a solution54. The distribution of electoral votes among the states ______every ten yearsdepending on the results of the U.S. Census.A. movesB. increasesC. variesD. fluctuates55. Of the various ______agencies in America, the CIA is the most prominent.A. secretB. intelligenceC. informationD. espionage56. President Bill Clinton took great pains to strengthen Sino-U.S. ties during hiseight years in the White House. And on September 19, 2000, Congress ______ permanent normal trade status for China.A. allowedB. admittedC. approvedD. accepted57. The Department of State, as a ______ organization helps make, execute andmonitor American foreign policy throughout the world.A. militaryB. legislativeC. diplomaticD. executive58. ______ supplied a focus to American foreign policy in the Cold War era.A. ConfrontationB. CompetitionC. ContainmentD. Confinement59. To uproot terrorism in the Middle East, the United States has been trying to brokera permanent peace settlement between ______ and the Arab states.A. IsraelB. IraqC. KuwaitD. Afghanistan60. The United States established full diplomatic relations with the Peopl e’s Republicof China during the ______ administration.A. ReaganB. CarterC. KennedyD. NixonII. 判断题61. At the end of the 19th century, a new style of reporting —“objective journalism”emerged as a way of building up circulation.62. To many American readers, the most entertaining part of the newspaper is the comic strip.63. The United States has a national press or newspaper such as The New York Times with a mass national circulation like The Times and The Daily Telegraph in Britain or the leading papers in other countries.64. The employment distribution in the United States has dramatically switched from blue-collar in the direction of white-collar work.65. In practice, the current form of economy in the United States is a free market economy, in which private enterprises and state-owned businesses compete andoperate without the limits set by the government.66. Temporary or contingent workers refer to those who are hired by companies on a part-time, short-term, or contract basis to replace full-time employees.67. “Baby boomers” refer to the generation of Americans who were born between the close of World War II and 1964.68. The manufacturing sector has remained the backbone of the American economy since the end of the Second World War.69. With more and more women and immigrants joining the labor market, white American men will no longer dominate the business world.70. Recently American businesses have become more competitive by hiring many new workers and enlarging their companies.71. In the 21st century white Americans will remain the largest share of the increase in the American workforce.72. Of the hundreds of thousands of businesses and tens of thousands of corporations in America, a mere 500 popularly known as the Wealth 500 dominate the economy.73. Today, white Americans are no longer a numerical majority of the population.74. Generally speaking, western European immigrants are more readily merged into the rest of American society than nonwhite ethnic groups, such as Asians or Hispanics who are more likely to retain the language and the customs of their original culture. 75. The Catholic Americans have dominated the American political, economic system and social values for many centuries.76. No minority group has suffered more at the hands of the dominant white population in the United States than the Hispanic Americans.77. The term WASPs stands for White Anglican-Saxon Protestants.78. African Americans have been called the “model minority” in the United States due to their success in education and business.79. In 1882 the American government passed the Japanese Exclusion Act that prohibited the entry of Japanese immigrants into the United States for ten years.80. After the Civil War, African-Americans in the South lived in a social system where many continued to be second-class citizens.81. In 1984, Jesse Jackson, a black leader became the first African American to run for president of the United States.82. After the Civil Rights movement, African Americans have made remarkable progress, especially in the political arena.83. Since the 1970s, the civil rights legislation and other government programs have broadened the gap between whites and blacks in terms of income, average years of schooling, and employment.84. After the Reconstruction period, Southern whites regained control of major political and economic institutions.85. The Civil Rights demonstrations of the 1930s led to the eventual passage of laws to protect the rights of black Americans.86. After the Reconstruction period, the practice of “Jim Crow” laws— a set of legal and traditional discriminatory practices barred blacks from voting, using public facilities, attending schools with whites, and associating with whites.87. Black unemployment rate in the 1990s were the same as that of white unemployment.88. Currently, Puerto Ricans are the largest Hispanic group in the United States.89. The earliest Asian arrivals to the United States were the Chinese, who began immigrating to California during the Gold Rush of 1849.90. One of the most prominent black leaders during the Civil Rights movement was Martin Luther King, Jr., who used the nonviolent strategy—civil obedience to break down segregation in the South.91. Currently the United States has the highest divorce rate in the world.92. In spite of enormous changes in American family, most Americans remain devoted to family and still believe strongly in the importance of marriage and the family. 93. Of all family types, single-parent families have increased most rapidly during the past few decades.94. Having faith in God and respecting authority are two of the traditional American family values.95. In the United States female single parents and their children suffer from insufficient economic resources.96. Respecting one’s children and l iving up to one’s potential as an individual are two of the traditional American family values.97. Today, the majority of American households still consist of a married couple with two children.98. Although Gallup polls in the late 1990s showed young adults more accepting of gay and lesbian families, many Americans still consider homosexual marriage illegitimate.99. During the 1950s, the typical woman was 21 years old when she married for the first time and the typical man was 23 years old.100. Many people feel that the federal government has done enough in assisting working parents.101. The U.S. Congress has become the ultimate decision maker when it comes to deciding what the seven thousand words in the constitution mean and how they should be applied.102. The Constitution of the United States is the oldest written constitution in the world today.103. Judicial preview refers to the power of US courts to invalidate actions undertaken by the legislative and executive branches of government.104. The U.S. Constitution has been amended 27 times.105. The president of the United States has the power to make official treaties with foreign government without the approval of Congress.106. After 1776, there was a division over the nature of constitutional government itself, and formed the basis for the Federalist and Antifederalist parties.107. Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected president in 1930 and re-elected in 1934, 1938 and 1942.108. American political campaigns are extravagant and expensive events.109.The American president can call special sessions of Congress.110. From the election of Abraham Lincoln until the election of Theodore Roosevelt in 1932, the Republicans won but four presidential elections.111. The delegates to the Constitutional Convention in 1787 brought with them two important sets of influences: their political culture and their political experience. 112. The presidential campaigns in America have changed from being centered on the party to being centered on the candidate.113. The Bill of Rights explains the rights of Congress and the rights of the president. 114. Franklin D. Roosevelt used his enormous personal appeal to unify the Republican Party under his leadership.115. The Electoral College was devised as a compromise between having presidents elected by the Senate or by the House.116. In the United States, the president plays a leading role in the application of foreign policy.117. The Department of State is also called the Pentagon.118. In 1993, Clinton pushed an important trade agreement through Congress— the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and created the largest free trade zone in the world.119. The director of CIA is appointed by the president with the confirmation of the Senate and reports directly to the president.120. The American involvement in Vietnam began in the Truman administration.（请和本学期大纲对照，答案仅供参考）：1-5 DDCBB 6-10ACCBD 11-15CBACD 16-20DBDDC 21-25DDDDA 26-30DABCB 21-35ACCDB 36-40BCCDD 41-45BDCAB 46-50DBDBB 51-55CBCCD 56-60CBCAD61-65FTFFF 66-70TTFTT 71-75TFFTT 76-80FTTFT 81-85TTFFF86-90TFTFT 91-95TFTTT 96-100FFTFT 101-105FTFFF 106-110TFTFT 111-115TTFTT 116-120TFFFF。