名词）
The machine must be out of order.（介词 短语）
Time is up. The class is over.（副词）
The truth is that he has never been
宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位 于及物动词和介词后面。
宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾 语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如： They elected him their monitor.
Ｓ │Ｖ（是系动词）│ Ｐ 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner │smells │good. 3. Everything │looks │different. 4. He │is growing │tall and strong. 5. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 6. Our well │has gone │dry. 7. His face │turned │red.
only bones
结果状语
The students came into the classroom, singing and
dancing.
伴随状语
If he goes, so will I .
条件状语
Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 让步状语
七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之 外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。
二）谓语由__动__词_/_动_词__短__语__担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动 词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。
Action speaks louder than words.
The chance may never come again.
Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.
（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一 般放在__动_词__/动__词_短__语_之后。_介__词__词后也会跟宾语。
She covered her face with her hands. 名词 n
We haven't seen her for a long time. 代词 pron
Do you mind opening the window? 动名词
Give me four please.
代词和数词
He wants to dream a nice dream. to do不定式
We need to know what others are doing句. 子
We should care more about our friends. 介词+名词
I left the village five years ago.
时间状语
I arrived late because of the traffic jam . 原因状语
We'll send a car to fetch you.
目的状语
The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving
Mary is a beautiful girl..
形容词 adj
The play has three acts.
数词
This is her first trip to Europe.
形容词 /序数词 /to do 不定式
China is a developing country.
现在分词 doing
They elected me captain of the team. 名词
We try to make our country strong. 形容词
We found everything in good order there.介词短语
I should advise you to get the chance. to do 不定式
与宾语补足语一样
二.五种简单基本句型
系动词 主语+系+表语
动词
不及物动词 主语+谓语
及物动词
主语+谓语+宾语 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
1．主语 + 系动词 + 表语
1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways.
My father is a professor.
名词 n
Who's that? It's me.
代词 pron
Everything here is expensive. 形容词 adj
The match became very exciting. adj
The story of my life may be of help to others. 介词短语
Ｓ │ Ｖ （不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining. 2. The moon │rose. 3. The universe │remains. 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 5. Who │cares? 6. What he said │does not matter. 7. They │talked for half an hour. 8. The pen │writes smoothly
3．主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
英语的句子成分：
一） 主语：
Walls have ears.
名词
He will take you to the hospital. 代词
Three plus four equals seven. 数词
To see is to believe.
to do不定式
Smoking is not allowed in public places. doing动名词 Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. 句子
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 如：He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动 词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.
Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动
语法复习专题一
一、介绍与其重要性
句子是写作的基、谓语、表语、宾语、 定语、状语、主语补足语和宾语补足语。
●学会判断句子成分对以后学习难句奠定了基础。 英语句子的构成也有其特定的规律，掌握了句子 的基本句型、常见句式和词语的习惯搭配， 就能写出完整、正确的句子。
名/代
（五）定语 是修饰___词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修 饰的名词之_前____；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰 的名词之__后___。
They are woman workers.
名词
Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday. 名词所有格
I saw him going upstairs.
现在分词 doing
They found the house broken into. done 过去分词
宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的
复合结构
八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成 为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语
I was elected captain of the team. Our country will be made strong.
I have nothing to eat.
to do 不定式
Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their
names here.
从句
六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目 的、结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等。
The best fish swim near the bottom. 地点状语
The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形 容词）
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）
It is necessary to master a foreign language. （
Three times five is fifteen.
数词
His plan is to seek work in the city. to do不定式
My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.
句子
Our teacher of English is an American. （名词）