五种基本句型和系动词句子是主语、谓语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等组成的，在英语中常用的句型有五种：1. 第一种名型：主语+不及物动词：S+V 例如：①The new term begins in September. 新学年从九月份开始。
②Such things often happen. 这种事情经常发生。
（vi.:apologize,arrive,look.listen She apologized （to me）again vi / vt sing She can sing/ she can sing many English songs.）2. 第二种句型：主语+及物动词+宾语：S+V+O 例如：1) We saw you just now. 刚才我们看见你了。
2) I missed the train. 我错过了火车。
3) He enjoys music. 他喜爱音乐。
4）I forget my letter. 我忘记了我的信。
3. 第三种句型：主语+系动词+宾语：S+V+P 例如：①She always looks happy. 她看上去总是很快乐。
②The weather is cold here. 这儿的气候很冷。
系动词是用来说明主语的状态、特征、变化过程的动词，常见的系动词可分为五类。
1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。
（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。
）2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, , remain（仍然）, stand, 例如：He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。
He remained very weak.He stood still.3）表像系动词主要有seem, appear,（看起来,像、似乎……”）例如：He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。
He appeared to be very friendly to us.4）感官系动词感官系动词主要有 look,feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。
Your idea sounds greatHe looks youngThe mixture tasted terrible.5）变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow,turn, fall, get, go, come.例如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。
She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。
My dream of coming to China has come true .In summer food often goes bad.Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和He turned doctor./ He became a doctor.He fell asleep as soon as he went to bed这几个词用作连系动词均可表示变化，使用时注意以下几点：1. become 和get主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化：become [get] angry, famous, fat, ill, old, well, deaf, strong, etc 生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，痊愈，变聋，变强，等另外，become 和get 还可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势：It’s becoming [getting] cold (dark, cloudy, etc). 天渐冷了(黑了，多云了等)。
Divorce is becoming [getting] more common. 离婚现象越来越常见了。
2. go 和come表示变化时，前者主要指一种由强到弱或由好到坏的变化(可用于人或事物)，后者则主要指向好的方面变化：go bald (deaf, insane, etc) 发秃，变聋，发疯等。
The meat’s gone bad. 肉变味(变坏)了。
The radio’s gone wrong. 收音机出毛病了。
Her wish came true. 她的愿望实现了。
Everything came right. 一切顺利。
另外，go还可用于人或事物颜色的变色，与turn用法相同：She went [turned] blue with cold. 她冻得脸色发青了。
The rotten meat went [turned] green. 这块腐烂的肉变绿了。
【注】①但是go 一般不与old, tired, ill 等连用，遇此情况要用其他连系动词：grow [get] old 变老，fall [become] ill (sick) 生病，get [feel] tired 疲劳②go后接形容词通常表示的结果(见上例)，在个别搭配中也表示现状：go hungry 挨饿，go naked 光着身子③come 除表示向好的方面变化外，还有以下常见搭配值得注意：come untied 解开，come loose 变松，come undone 松开3. grow 主要表示逐渐变化，强调变化的过程：It began to grow dark. 天色渐渐黑了。
The sea is growing calm. 大海变得平静起来。
The pollution problem is growing serious. 污染问题日见严峻。
4. 以上连系动词通常接形容词作表语，但有的还可接其他结构，如come, get, grow后可接不定式，become, turn后可接名词，get, grow后可接介词短语：You’ll soon grow to like her. 你很快就会喜欢她的。
It’s becoming a serious problem．它正在成为一个严重问题。
The little plant grew into a tree. 幼苗长成了一棵树。
They went out of fashion years ago．它们好多年前已变得不时新了。
【注】turn后接名词时，往往表示意想不到的变化，名词前通常用零冠词：He turned writer after he graduated from a medical college. 他从医学院毕业后当了作家。
(比较：He became a writer after graduating from college但在这类系动词中，有的也可充当实义动词，那么在学习中如何区分别，请看下例：1.She tasted①the soup to see if it tasted ②too salty.她尝了一口汤，看是否太咸。
2.The doctor is feeling①his pulse because he feels ②sick.因为身体不舒服，医生正在给他切脉。
3.The mother looked①at the sick child sadly and she looked②sad.母亲难过地看着生病的孩子。
4.She smelled ①the meat to make sure it still smelled ②good.她闻了闻肉，看看是否还新鲜。
5.The teacher asked the students to keep②quite when they were keeping ①everything in order.当学生整理东西时，老师让他们保持安静。
从以例子不难出，标①的动词为实义动词，他们后跟有宾语；标②的动词为系动词，其后往往跟形容词、名词、不定式等作表语。
4. 第四种句型：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语：S+V+O（间接）+O（直接）例如：①My mother bought a pen for me. 我妈妈给我们买了一只钢笔。
②Will you lend me your bike? 你能把自行车借给我吗？(注意)直接宾语是指给谁的或为谁的；而间接宾语是指接受的对象或行为施予的对象。
例如：I teach him English. 我教他英语。
主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语常见的跟双宾语的动词：● 动词后可加to的动词：bring, give, hand, pass, pay, return, sell, show,teach,phone, offer, read, send, tell 等。
1) 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱）post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听</P< p>return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信● 动词后可加for的动词；build, buy, choose, draw, find, get, keep, make, order, paint, save, do, sing 等。