Lessen 10 The loss of the Titanic一、单词讲解New words and expressionsSouthampton [sauθ'æmptən] n. 南安普敦colossal [kə'lɔsl] adj. 庞大的watertight ['wɔ:tətait] adj. 不漏水的compartment [kəm'pɑ:tmənt] n. (轮船的）密封舱flood [flʌd] v. 充满水float [fləut] v. 漂浮，飘浮tragic ['trædʒik] adj. 悲惨的liner ['lainə] n. 班船voyage ['vɔiidʒ] n. 航行iceberg ['aisbə:g] n. 冰山lookout ['luk'aut] n. 晾望员collision [kə'liʒən] n. 碰撞narrowly ['nærəuli] adv. 刚刚，勉强地miss [mis] v. 避开slight [slait] adj. 轻微的tremble ['trembl] v. 震颤faint [feint] adj. 微弱的horror ['hɔrə] n. 恐俱abandon [ə'bændən] v. 抛弃plunge [plʌndʒ] v. 投入，跳入lifeboat ['laifbəut] n. 救生船titanic adj. 巨大的gigantic adj. 巨大的 a gigantic skyscraper 一座摩天大楼colossal adj. 庞大的 a colossal shipimmense adj. 宏大的(褒义) an immense hallcompartment n. (船)船舱；车厢hold n. (船底)货舱capsule n. 太空舱, 胶囊状的药flood n./v.n. a flood of refugees 一群难民 a flood of curses 一连串恶毒的诅咒a flood of letters a flood of blessings 一串美好的祝福a flood of anger 怒发冲冠v. flood into Eg: A lot of refugees flooded into Pakistan. 大批难民洪水般涌入巴基斯坦pour into 涌入Eg: Many people poured into South Africa for gold rush in the 19th century.snow in 雪片般飞来Eg: Letters and presents snowed in on her birthday. float v. (to move in the air or on the surface of water)Eg: He is floating on air. / He is walking on air. 兴高采烈，洋洋得意tragic adj. 悲剧的tragedy n. 悲剧comic adj. 喜剧的comedy n. 喜剧William Shakespeare was a famous English writer of plays and poems.His famous tragedies include: Romeo and Juliet; Julius Caesar; Hamlet; Macbeth; Othello; King Learthe comedies includes: Midsummer Night's Dream; Twelfth Night; Merchant of VeniceLook out!小心啊!留神啊!Mind your head! 当心你的头! Watch your step! 看着你的脚底下! collide v. (to hit in a different direction) (正面)相撞collide with a car bump into a car 追尾run into an acquaintance 碰到熟人come across a word 遇到生词voyage n.海上航行first voyage 首航，处女航navigation 航海navy 海军trip 短途旅行journey 长途旅行tour 巡回访问，巡回比赛Eg: The president now is on a 6-nation tour.trek: a long and difficult journey esp. on foot 长途艰辛的跋涉the long trek to the South Polereluctant adj.勉强的be slow and unwilling (主观上)reluctance n. 勉强Eg: He answered my question with reluctance. 他极不情愿的回答了我的问题narrowly : only by a small amount narrowly escape 勉强逃离Eg: The family narrowly escaped the clutches of Nazis. 这个家庭勉强逃过德国纳粹的魔掌narrowly miss 险些碰到，勉强躲开，差一点就Eg: The brick narrowly missed his head.survive sth. 侥幸，大难不死Eg: The cat survived the falls.all but 差一点，险些Eg: I all but stumbled over the step.force a smile 勉强笑了笑horror n. 恐怖horrid/horrible adj. fright n. 害怕stage fright 怯场dread: a fear of sth. in the futureEg;She is filled with dread of meeting the VIP. 她为即将见到贵宾而不安dreadful : extremely unpleasant 令人不悦的dreadful weather 坏天气terror n.恐怖terrorist 恐怖分子terrible 糟糕的terrific 太棒了Eg: What do you think of Titanic? -----It was terrific.Eg: I'm scared to death of snake.phobia n. 恐怖症acrophobia n. 恐高症abandon v. (to leave sb. you are responsible for) 抛弃abandon family 抛弃家庭forsake v. to leave when you should stay because they need you (雅) 离开，放弃forsake hope 放弃希望desert v. (you never have a feeling) 丧失Samul Erman 《Youth》Eg: We grew old by deserting our ideas. 当我们不思进取时，我们就变得衰老了abdicate: give up the position of being a king or queen 弃位二、课文讲解The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. sail for 驶向row for 划向drive for 开向speed for 飞速的驶向fly for 飞往leave for 启程spin for (摩托车或小汽车)急速驶向for + destination from + departureEg: sail for New York from SouthamptonShe was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891.crew 船务成员；机组成员 a crew of stewardesses 一组空中小姐a corps of engineers 一组工程师bench 律师界和法庭 a bench of scholars 一组学者a long train of sight-seers 一大群观光旅游者At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.It was regarded as…被当做…Eg: Young men with long hair has once been regarded as eccentric.unsinkable adj. 永不沉没的never-sun-set kingdom 日不落帝国Eg: England was regarded as never-sun-set kingdom by the English.The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.liner n.大型客轮airliner 客机cruise liner 巡游舰(娱乐)she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.with的介宾短语所做的伴随状语，在中文翻译的时候，要变成动宾短语。

Eg: They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls.表示“沉没”的多种方法辨析:sink 下沉(动作) go down沉没(结果) drown 淹没(部分在水下) submerge 淹没(全部在水下) dive潜水(还能再主动出水)Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.four days after setting out,while…是时间状语，中间被逗号隔开，这是一种非常新颖的时间状语从句的写法sail across cross 横渡；横贯(west <-> east) through 纵穿(south <-> north) waters n. 水域icy waters 冰水域icy water 寒冷刺骨的水中territorial waters 领海high seas 公海Eg: Still waters run deep 静水流深，真人不露相Eg: Fish in troubled waters 浑水摸鱼，趁火打劫keep one's head above water 勉强糊口Eg: How are you doing ? ----I'm just keeping my head above water.the North Atlantic 北大西洋NATO: (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) 北大西洋公约组织APC: (Asian and Pacific Council) 亚太理事会After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.after引导时间状语从句，用被动语态强调“警报被拉响”turn sharply 急转弯veer: to change direction suddenly swerve 改变方向sharp adj. look sharp: look smart 看上去靓丽have sharp ears 耳朵灵have a sharp nose 嗅觉灵敏have a sharp mind 思维灵敏The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.narrowly missing…beside her是现在分词短语作状语，交代“转弯”后的结果just in time 刚好来得及with no time to spare 说时迟那时快in a fraction of a second 眨眼间in next to no time 立即，很快Eg: The company went bankrupt in next to no time.Eg: Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳go to the wall 破产Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.slight adj. 轻微的 a slight trembling sound 轻微的震颤声slight difference 细微的差别faint adj. 微弱的，不易察觉的Eg: A faint blush crept into her cheeks. 她的脸偷偷地红了Eg: There's still a faint hope. 还有一线希望not to have the faintest idea 对...一无所知，一窍不通Eg:They didn't seem to have the faintest idea about what I was talking about.Eg: There’s still a faint hope. 仍然有一线希望Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, forfive of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!for引导原因状语从句，交代“船正在下沉”的原因主句中，below放在句首往往表示方位“在下面”to his horror作方式状语，类似短语还有to one’s surprise(令人惊奇的是)that引导宾语从句，说明realised的内容The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.plunge into 投入，跳入水中(fall into)be plunged into : to suddenly experience great unhappinessbe plunged into despair 陷入绝望Eg: The wife was plunged into despair after abandoned.be plunged into wars 两国交战be plunged into silence 一下子沉默起来Eg: He used to be a merry boy, but after the death of his mother, he was plunged into silence.be plunged into bankruptcy 破产Eg: The company was plunged into bankruptcy due to the slump in stock.Eg: plunge a dagger into the enemy's breast. 把刀刺进敌人的胸膛As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.as引导原因状语从句，交代1500人丧生的原因for和as引导原因状语从句时用法上的区别:1) for引导原因状语从句时，经常放在句中2) as引导原因状语从句时，经常放在句首lifeboat 救生船life preserver 救生器材life belt 就生带life buoy 救生圈life jacket 救生衣life vest 救生衣life raft 救生筏life net 就生网(消防)三、IdiomsGod help those who help themselves. 天助自助者Take the smooth with the rough. 好的、坏的要一并接受过去分词的用法：(一) 过去分词做定语用法过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。